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EN
The problem of relations between literature, history and the generic orientation of historical writing is one of the elements of the modern metahistorical awareness. Hayden White represents the concept of linguistic primacy over the “documentary aspect” and “authenticity” of accounts of the past. The confrontation between genology and the need to be part of history is also visible in literature. We can see this, for instance, in the works of Zbigniew Herbert, who is referred to as a classic because of his distinctive ethical and aesthetical declarations. He builds his poetic identity by juxtaposing traditional cultural elements with his historical experience. He uses the axiologically marked categories of tragedy and epic, which played an important role in the description of human condition in historiography at the turn of the 18th century (e.g. J.G. Droysen) and in 19th century testimonies (e.g. M. Mochnacki). Marian Maciejewski points to this in his description of a wide spectrum of pre-Romantic literature in Poland. Deconstructed classical genres are used today, as they were in the early 19th century, to constitute the subjectivity — devoid of solid foundations — of the participant in and the describer of historical events.
Asian and African Studies
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2016
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vol. 25
|
issue 2
191 – 212
EN
Though the existence of script in some regions of Africa, in ancient Egypt, Kush, Nubia or the Ethiopian highlands led to the spread of literacy and of written knowledge, orality was the norm in many African societies in the past, and in much of Africa, historical and other knowledge remained to be constructed, maintained and conveyed by word of mouth, in poetic, musical and dramatic settings and graphic symbolism closely related to speech. Cultural contacts with Islam and later on with Christianity brought writing systems, Arabic and Latin scripts and literacy replaced orality and prompted the production of written knowledge. The arrival of Islam and somewhat later of Christianity into the kingdoms of Buganda and Bunyoro brought literacy in its train and led to the development of a rich tradition of historical writing.
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