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Chryzostomowa egzegeza Ewangelii według św. Mateusza

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Baron A.

Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny

2008

vol. 61

issue 2

This article is divided into four sections. In the first, Fr. Arkadiusz Baron describes shortly the reception of Chrysostom’s writings in the ancient world in the East and in the West. It is surprising that the “Golden Mouth” and his homilies have triggered so many difficulties from the very beginning until the present. In the past, in the East, a growing conflict with the Severian of Gabbala and other bishops became the main obstacle to the reception of Chrysostom’s preaching. In 403, at the so-called council at the oak, Chrysostom was condemned and exiled. One of many false accusations charged him with being too merciful toward sinners who were recidivists. In the West, Anian of Celedo, Pelagius’ friend, translated Chrysostom’s homilies (especially on Matthew) into Latin. Pelagianism was condemned and Chrysostom was suspected to be semi-Pelagian. The oldest and most integral Latin version of Chrysostom’s homilies on record date back from the twelfth century. In the fifteenth century pope Nicholaus V asked for a new translation. Similarly in Poland, Chrysostom was not too lucky. In Polish, only about 15 per cent of his homilies are available. Among the translators are J. Wujek, A. Załęski and J. Krystyniacki from the eighteenth century, and T. Sinko, W. Kania, A. Baron and J. Iluk from the twentieth century. Some of them are historians and philologists, but not theologians. This is a problem of the existing Polish translations: we need a good theological, biblical and homiletical elaboration of Chrysostom’s homilies. Homilies on Matthew were preached in 390 in Antioch when Chrysostom was already well-known. Chrysostom’s homilies are the first and one of the best ancient commentaries to this Gospel. He is the only man who in the first millennium of Christianity explained the Acts of the Apostles, and he is the only one in Christianity to do this in the form of homilies. The centre of the Jesus’ Gospel according to Chrysostom is the person of Jesus. The prime purpose of Matthew’s Gospel is to reveal the unconditional love of God for each human being. Homilies on Matthew are completely apolitical. Chrysostom never even mentions governors or political situations. Similarly, he does not speak about ecclesiastical canons of councils of Antioch from the fourth century. He is only interested in how to explain the best way to all the listeners the Good News that Jesus has brought on earth. At the end, Fr. Baron gives some examples of Chrysostom’s exegesis: Mt 12: 33-37; 10: 32; 28: 1-3 and Homily on Matthew 85, 3-4.

Image and Metaphor of the Sea in the Homilies on the Gospel of Saint Matthew by John Chrysostom

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Szczur P.

Vox Patrum

2018

vol. 70

527-544

W artykule przeanalizowano wszystkie wypowiedzi Jana Chryzostoma z Homilii na Ewangelię według św. Mateusza, w których pojawiają się terminy: pšlagoj and q£lassa używane przez naszego autora na określenie morza. Analiza ta pozwoliła wyodrębnić kilka grup metaforyki morza. Chryzostom wskazuje na morze jako jeden z elementów wszechświata (obok nieba i ziemi). Opisuje je jako niebezpieczny i nieokiełznany żywioł, który jednak poddany jest Chrystusowi. Obraz morza, przerastającego swym ogromem inne elementy wszechświata, służy też złotoustemu na określenie bezmiaru i powszechności, a nawiązanie do morskich zagrożeń (wiatry, prądy morskie, burze, mielizny) skłania go do określenia ludzkiego życia do żeglugi przez wzburzone morze.

In this article analyzes all statements of John Chrysostom from the Homilies on the Gospel of Saint Matthew containing terms: pšlagoj and q£lassa, used by our author as a designation of the sea. This analysis allowed for the extraction of few groups of sea metaphors. Chrysostom points on the sea as one of the elements of the Universe (together with heaven and earth). He describes the sea as a dangerous and uncontrollable wild element, but still subjected to Christ. The image of the sea, which – because of its enormity – is beyond other elements of the Universe, is used by Golden Tongued to describe immensity and commonness. And the reference to sea threats (winds, sea currents, storms, shallows) inclines him to describe human life as a sailing across the rough sea.

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1 Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny

1 Vox Patrum

1 Baron A.

1 Szczur P.

1 2018

1 2008

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Chryzostomowa egzegeza Ewangelii według św. Mateusza

Image and Metaphor of the Sea in the Homilies on the Gospel of Saint Matthew by John Chrysostom