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The paper covers transformation of the concept of the knowledge in Ukrainian culture in XVIII century. Education was an extension of everyday life (rules and habits) in traditional society. Modern culture gave birth to a new entity – scientific knowledge. It is based on structure, content organization, and a new way of transmission between people. The author compares two alternative approaches to knowledge by Prokopovich and Skovoroda. Two philosophers appealed to the same prescriptive to the knowledge, but both had different attitude to interpretation and social control over the knowledge.
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The content of the last meeting of Hryhoriy Skovoroda with his pupil and his close friend Michael Kovalinskiy is discussed in the above article. A teacher discusses his vision of the essence of immortality. He appealed to prophet Ezekiel, who prophesied to the spirit, as he entered the spirit in the resurrection of the body, as they stood, the whole multitude, full of strength. So the Lord put into them the spirit and put them on the ground. And the prophet Isaiah told of chilled, like grass, bones, of the alive dead, of the uprising of dead bodies. The teacher says when man began his own law, he appreciated the desire to do good simply because of the good, then he is not bound by duty to follow the strict influence of "the stars", he is freed from the influence, which is called fate. Then the man voluntarily obeys the laws, which he knows and understands, he consciously works on the influences that have come to be known as a perfect means to achieve perfection. Skovoroda prophesies that in the future of mankind materialistic knowledge, knowledge about the superiority of the solid, the car will take place in almost all the spiritual life of people.
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