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1

METÓDA DEFINOVANIA

100%
Zouhar M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2015
|
vol. 70
|
issue 4
258 – 271
EN
Building on a previous work (i) developing the model of method according to which method can be construed as a series of instructions and (ii) providing a specific classification of definitions, the present paper deals with the method of defining (or, rather, the methods of defining). The method of defining is presented here as a recipe for obtaining definitions. More precisely, various methods of defining (corresponding to the classification of definitions) are distinguished and a specific series of instructions is suggested for each of them.
2

ANALYTIC METHOD

100%
Kosterec M.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2016
|
vol. 23
|
issue 1
83 – 101
EN
This paper proposes a non-trivial definition of the notion of analytic method. Working within the so-called instructional model of method, the author distinguishes three kinds of instructions which occur in methods: selective, executive, and declarative instructions. He discusses the relation between each of these and the analyticity of a method. Then he defines the notions of an analytic use of an instruction and of an analytic instruction, which are at the basis of the proposed definition of an analytic method. Finally, the author discusses the issue of circularity in the presented model which arises if we consider a finite agent testing a method for analyticity.
3

MODEL METÓDY (3): INŠTRUKCIA A METÓDA

88%
Bielik L., Kosterec M., Zouhar M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2014
|
vol. 69
|
issue 8
637 – 652
EN
The present article is the third part of a longer paper in which we outline a model of (scientific) method as a system of instructions aimed at a certain kind of (cognitively interesting) goal. Building on the results of the previous part concerning the notions of instruction and its occurrence, the present article specifies the ways of chaining the occurrences. The occurrences of instructions constitute linear chains if involving only the occurrences of categorical or simple hypothetical instructions; a chain is nonlinear provided there is at least one complex hypothetical instruction in it. Every chain of occurrences can be represented as a sequence of postulate and derivate transitions. The method is represented as an oriented graph consisting of the chains of occurrences of instructions. We specify various formal and informal constraints that are to be met by a graph if it is to be taken as a representation of a method. Finally, we describe a link between the model of method proposed in this part and our intuitive specification of method as a kind of problem solving activity given in the first part of our paper.
4

SPOKEN-LANGUAGE EFFECTS IN 16-17TH CENTURY MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS

88%
Kuna A.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2007
|
vol. 131
|
issue 4
470-479
EN
This paper introduces medical prescriptions as a distinct text type, on the basis of 16-17th century Hungarian examples. The primary communicative function of medical prescriptions is giving instructions, a function that occurs in widely divergent forms in those early text samples. Old prescriptions did not have a constant and predefined structure. Nevertheless, in most cases, they began with an initiator, followed by the list of components and procedures required, and were often concluded by a note serving persuasion. The world of the text was complex, the sender and the recipient were not as clear-cut as they are today (doctor and pharmacist, respectively). Further components of the world of text (point of view, temporal and spatial structures, etc.) require further study, involving pragmatic aspects, too. Another interesting field of research could be the analysis of related instructional texts (like cooking recipes, gardening manuals, etc.).
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