The nutritional status and socio-demographic profile of tribal people is an important issue in India due to their marginalization from main stream population with respect to varied facilities. However, data on their nutritional status and socio-demographic profile are limited. This review aims to give an overview of the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) using Body mass index (BMI) and various demographic profile of Indian tribes based on studies published hitherto. In total 76 studies were reviewed for mean BMI based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of the public health problem of low BMI, based on adult populations worldwide. The overall sex specific prevalence of CED showed that both the tribal females (52.0%) and males (49.3%) were passing through the critical situation with respect to nutritional status with females being more underprivileged. In conclusion, although there is a gradual increase in knowledge about the nutritional and socio-demographic status of tribes since last decades; there is still paucity of data and information on more than approximately 600 tribes regarding their bio-social profile. However previous studies clearly indicate the need to enhance the health and nutrition status of the tribes by providing job opportunity and food security. Since the prevalence of CED was higher (critical to serious situation) in tribal populations, concerted efforts should also be made to improve the health status and nutrition uptake among them.
Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni is an English-speaking writer who was born in India in 1956 and is currently living in the United States. In Queen of Dreams published in 2004 she depicts the conflicts between Rakhi, a young American in her thirties living in California, and her India-born parents. Rakhi reproaches them for refusing to initiate her to Indian culture, particularly blaming her father for not being able to communicate. However, the mother’s death is the trigger for the father’s story. The father becomes the one who tells his daughter about life in India, thus embodying the missing cultural link in Rakhi’s family tree. The aim of this article is to offer an analysis of the father-daughter relationship as presented in Queen of Dreams. It intends to put into light the part played by the father in helping his daughter understand the way transgenerational loyalties work, and create a new identity of her own.
The article introduces the collection of stories written by Hari Kunzru entitled Noise. They take up the issues of identity in the world of cultural influences and permeations, technology and religion. Furthermore, the stories, as well as the novels depict a transcultural reality as contradicted to the multicultural or intercultural one. It presents the hybridity of the contemporary culture and society, not their mere variety The proved above tendency of the writer to build a kind of vertical structure within a text has its starting point in the collection in question in which the author applies such a model in order to present elements of even distant cultures more effectively and naturally. The mixture of cultures, ethnicities, religions, lifestyles and classes is much more visible when observed from the top position. The collection initiates the concept of the translit fiction, particularly in “Memories of Decadence”. Finally, the stories and the novels bear intertextual relationships with other literary texts, which locates Hari Kunzru’s prose in a broader cultural context which includes Hindu, Slavic, Irish, Scandinavian and Native American mythology as well as Australian and British masterpieces, ancient drama and contemporary American and French literature. The intertextual relationships enable to decipher the meaning of the image of noise and deepen certain themes of the texts. Although, the novels of Hari Kunzru offer a much more developed and mature form of the presented devices, it is highly useful not to omit the short story collection Noise on the reader’s literary journey with Hari Kunzru.
PL
Artykuł zatytułowany „Transkulturowe koncepcje w krótkich opowoadaniach Hari Kunzru i ich wpływ na późniejsze prace autora prezentuje zbiór opowiadań brytyjsko-indyjskiego autora Hari Kunzru Noise. Głównym tematem opowiadań są kwestie związane z technologią, religią oraz tożsamością i przynależnością w dzisiejszym świecie charakteryzującym się przenikaniem kultur. Podstawowym celem artykułu jest podkreślenie transkulturowego charakteru tekstów pisarza jako opozycji do koncepcji multi i interkulturowych. Dodatkowo, analizowany jest I ich wpływ na późniejsze prace autorawertykalnej struktury, która ułatwia pisarzowi intertekstualne wprowadzenie pozornie odległych kultur oraz ich wytworów. Relacje te pogłębiają znaczenie niektórych motywów i tematów prozy pisarza. Artykuł, pokazuje też, iż koncepcje użyte w zbiorze opowiadań Noise mają swoją kontynuację w powieściach Hari Kunzru, co czyni je pierwszym etapem jego literackich podróży.
This paper is a sequel to another paper of the same author: “Some Marginal Notes on [W. Halbfass’s] India and Europe” (in: E. Franco, K. Preisendanz (eds.), Beyond Orientalism. The Work of Wilhelm Halbfass and its Impact on Indian and Cross‑Cultural Studies, Amsterdam–Atlanta 1997). In the present paper the concept of “Indian philosophy” is discussed – with references to the analysis of the concept in the book India and Europe by W. Halbfass. The central idea of the paper is this: “Indian philosophy” is not a kind of primordial entity it is often said to be, but rather a contingent concept which gradually evolved in the 19th and 20th century in the process of intercultural interaction between Indian (South Asian) and European (Western) intellectual traditions.
The aim of the article is to present an intriguing issue of multiculturalism in Durban, South Africa. The city’s social and cultural rapid development is based on tripolar culture of the African, Asian and European origin. Strongly rooted native Bantu culture repre-sented since 18th century by the Zulu tribe which collided with the European culture of Dutch and British origin. That is complemented by the rich Indian culture, which since the second half of the 19th century played a significant role in the development of the city.
PL
Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie intrygującego zagadnienia jakim jest wielokulturowość południowoafrykańskiej metropolii Durban. Szybki rozwój społeczny i kulturalny miasta ma swe podłoże w trójbiegunowej kulturze rodem z Afryki, Azji i Europy. Silnie zakorzeniona kultura Bantu reprezentowana od XVIII wieku przez plemię Zulusów, zderzyła się już w XIX wieku z napływową kulturą europejską, najpierw holenderską a następnie brytyjską. Całość uzupełnia bogata kultura indyjska, która od drugiej połowy XIX wieku odgrywa znaczącą rolę w rozwoju miasta.
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