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EN
Dynamic financial analysis has become an important tool for modeling operations of insurance companies. This analysis is used, among others, in revealing the main factors determining the financial performance of insurers. This paper identifies the determinants of the performance of general insurance companies in Poland using a panel dataset consisting of a firm specific factors and macroeconomic factors over the period 2006-2013. Six financial performance measures are used to capture different aspects of the insurance operations. These performance measures are related to nine cited business-specific and macroeconomic variables, chosen on the basis of relevant theory and literature. A weight least square (WLS) method and intergroup method for each of six performance models are used to estimate the parameters of these models. The empirical results prove that there is a statistically significant relationship between the following variables with profitability performance being-negatively affected by underwriting activity (represented the net claims ratio variable) and by the net operating expenses variable. It was also shown that the size of a company has positive relationship with its profitability. The study also confirmed a statistically significant and positive relationships between profitability ratio of technical activity and the macroeconomic variable (rate of GDP) as well as positive impact of the motor gross written premiums ratio variable on the profitability ratio of technical activity. (original abstract)
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problem ryzyka zakładu ubezpieczeń wygenerowanego przez grupę ubezpieczeń komunikacyjnych (OC i AC) i próby zmniejszania go stosowane w praktyce. Najpierw scharakteryzowano ryzyko zakładu ubezpieczeń, wyróżniając cztery kategorie: ryzyko ubezpieczeniowe, ryzyko kredytowe, ryzyko rynkowe oraz ryzyko operacyjne. Następnie omówiono, jak można zarządzać trzema kategoriami: ryzykiem ubezpieczeniowym, ryzykiem kredytowym i ryzykiem operacyjnym występującym w związku z prowadzeniem ubezpieczeń komunikacyjnych.
EN
The article presents the problem of the insurance risk generated by a group of motor insurance (MTPL and Autocasco) and try to reduce it in practice. First was characterized the risk of insurance company by distinguishing four categories: insurance risk, credit risk, market risk and operational risk. It then discusses how can be managed three categories of risks: insurance risk, credit risk and operational risk arising in connection with the offering and conducting motor insurance.
EN
These paper considers a risk model for two dependant classes of insurance business. The dependence between these classes is caused by appearing of some claims at the same time in both classes and additionally the sizes of these claims are dependant. The structure of the dependence between these claims sizes is described by copulas. The main aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of the level of dependence between these claims sizes on the finite-time ruin probability in considered risk model. short numerical analysis.
XX
Zwrócono uwagę, że polskie zakłady ubezpieczeń, ze względu na stan swoich kapitałów własnych oraz z powodu sytuacji na rynku, są zmuszone do korzystania z reasekuracji w większym stopniu niż ubezpieczyciele działający na ustabilizowanych rynkach europejskich. Przedstawiono rodzaje umów reasekuracyjnych. Podkreślono, że optymalna forma reasekuracji zależy od przyjętego przez ubezpieczyciela kryterium optymalizacyjnego. Przybliżono jedno z kryteriów - minimalizację prawdopodobieństwa ruiny. Ruinę zdefiniowano jako ujemny zysk z działalności ubezpieczeniowej.
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