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Idea národa československého na stránkách týdeníku Přítomnost (1924–1938)

100%
Harna J.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
|
2009
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vol. 17
|
issue 1
169-193
EN
The liberal-democratic weekly Pritomnost played a very important role among the Czechoslovak periodicals during the existence of the First Czechoslovak Republic. It helped shape the spiritual and political atmosphere in the country. Its focus could not avoid the relations between Czechs and Slovaks, whose coexistence constituted the main axis of political stability in the new state. From the very beginning these relations were complicated by the idea of 'Czechoslovak Nation' that was intended to compensate for the absence of a 'state-forming nation'. Being weaker partners, the Slovaks viewed this concept as a discriminating factor and felt a need to preserve their national identity. A debate on different aspects of this ideological construction started on the pages of the above weekly. Heavy polemic focused on the notion of what was called 'Czechoslovak language', formally including both Czech and Slovak. However, the whole complex of Czecho-Slovak relations failed to be solved, and in the 1930s the debate on the idea of common Czechoslovak State was pushed into the background by a stronger struggle of the Slovak side for Slovakia's autonomy. Research into the debate may help us better learn the character of the First Czechoslovak Republic as an important stage in the evolution of Czech and Slovak society.
2

ŽURNALISTIKA – PUBLICISTIKA – POLITIKA – MÉDIÁ: DOTYKY A PRIENIKY

100%
Barnová K.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
|
2014
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vol. 3
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issue 1
17 – 23
EN
The article is focused on explanation of Slovak terms “journalism” and “publicistics“ and points out the diverse understanding of these terms from different conceptual theories – theories of journalism (or media theory) and theories of stylistics. The article is focused on the journalism – politics – media relationship and their interconnections. Journalism, that brings new information about political life and political events every day, is determined by political environment. The relationship between journalism, media and politics is interconnected – journalists and media need politicians as an important source of information. Politicians consider journalists and media as an important way of communication with public and as a “key players” of public opinion shaping.
3
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ALCEO VALCINI: UN TESTIMONE DELLA STORIA POLACCA NEGLI ANNI A CAVALLO DEL SECONDO CONFLITTO MONDIALE (1933-1946)

100%
Bernardini L.
pl.it / rassegna italiana di argomenti polacchi
|
2019
|
issue 10
47-63
EN
Alceo Valcini was the Warsaw-based correspondent for the Italian daily “Corriere della Sera” during the years 1933-1946. Valcini encountered great difficulties with the editor-in-chief of the newspaper, Aldo Borelli, who was not interested in following the political life of Poland except for Poland’s clashes with the Soviet Union. Valcini managed to publish his articles as long as they stressed the influence of Mussolini’s fascism on Polish political life or if they dealt with Soviet political interference in Central Europe. Valcini was to be replaced by another journalist as correspondent from Warsaw because of his own pro-Polish views and scarce enthusiasm for the aggressive stances of Nazi Germany towards Czechoslovakia and Poland, but he nevertheless managed to witness Hitler’s aggression against Poland. His stories were the first accounts of German persecution of the Polish Jews and Warsaw’s civil population, although they had no chance of publication on the pages of the increasingly pro-Nazi “Corriere della Sera”. Valcini took notice of everything that happened in Poland between the outbreak of the war and the end of July 1944. In 1945, Valcini collected his memoirs in a publication entitled The Calvary of Warsaw, in which he gave a graphic account of life in the city under German occupation. Valcini witnessed to the uprising in the Jewish Ghetto and to the activities of the Polish Secret State. His book was translated into Polish in 1970, after having undergone heavy editing, possibly as a result of intervention by the Communist censors. In any event, Valcini turned out to be one of the very few Italian journalists who – in writing about World War II and the Nazi occupation of Poland – did not fall prey to Goebbel’s Propagandaministerium, unlike the much more celebrated reporter Indro Montanelli.
4

Jak podobne? Jak różne? Dzienniki tabloidowe w odmiennych systemach medialnych

100%
Dobek-Ostrowska B.
Oblicza Komunikacji
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2011
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vol. 4
33-56
EN
The article is an attempt to analyse the tabloid phenomenon from the perspective of D.C. Halin and P. Mancini's theory of three media systems. These types of newspapers emerged in liberal media systems (USA and the United Kingdom), but as early as in the second half of the 20th century, during a period of intense privatisation and commercialisation of the media this type of journalism also emerged in the democratic corporatism model, where many popular newspapers began turning into tabloids. This was also where we could see the emergence of new titles which today set the conventions of tabloid journalism (e.g. Bild, The Sun, Verdens Gang). Today, tabloids are present in every democratic country in the world with the exception of the Mediterranean countries, where their function seems to be performed by sports newspapers. They flourish in Japan, Canada, Australia or New Zealand. After 1989 new markets also emerged in Central Europe. Media groups which had limited investment opportunities in their own countries were quick to take advantage of that. Tabloid publishers – the Swiss Ringier and the German Axel Springer – did not miss this opportunity either. The former chose small markets similar to Switzerland, while the latter decided to risk a tabloid on the Polish market. Both publishers have been hugely successful. Today in countries with low readership level, such as Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary or Romania, tabloids have become a permanent feature of their media systems, while tabloid journalism sets general standards in the media.
5

Reportaż. Z historii gatunku w wieku XIX

100%
Sztachelska J.
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze
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2013
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vol. 4
153-170
EN
The article refers to forming the genre of reportage in the 19th century, pointing at its strict connectioin with the literature of that time. The process of the genre reconstruction is hindered, on the one hand, by the morphological openness of the form related to the types of expression which appeared in the press (letter, report, journey description, feuilleton, article) as well as in belles-lettres (novella, story), on the other hand, not high opinion of a reporter’s work, usually associated with sensation and chase after novelties. Despite these hindrances Polish literature notes in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century a number of splendid models of report writing, from J.I. Kraszewski, through Sienkiewicz, Reymont or Korczak, today perceived as an important stage of forming the modern interest in documentary writing.
6
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Nové lexikální jednotky motivované jmény českých politiků

100%
Děngeová Z.
Bohemistyka
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 3
167-186
EN
The author focuses on the description of neologisms warranted by proper names, functioning as deproprial words or expressions. On this basis she tries to prove that deproprial way of creating new words in the Czech language is a very productive and frequent derivational process. The analyzed material comes from everyday newspapers and comprise neologisms created from the proper names of politicians. The author also tries to follow what happens with them in the field of language and how they spread in the lexical store of the Czech language. The author divides the material into thematic groups, in which she distinguishes formal subgroups (nouns, adjectives, adverbs). She pays attention to the increased use of prefixes and the creativity of those who invent neologisms (verb formations improper from the point of view of word formation rules), which she believes are the general tendencies in the development of modern Czech.
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MEDZI ŽIVÝM BIČOM A GARDISTOM (POZNÁMKY K MEMOÁROM, BELETRII A PUBLICISTIKE MILA URBANA)

88%
Csiba K.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2015
|
vol. 62
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issue 5
427 – 434
EN
The present study is a way of contemplating about the forms of the author´s subject who occurs differently in memoirs, fiction and journalism written by Slovak prose writer Milo Urban. What stands out here is creating different images of the creator. In the first case it is the recalling subject present in the second book of Urban´s memoirs Kade-tade po Halinde. Neveselé spomienky na veselé roky (All around Halinda. Cheerless Memories of Cheerful Years, 1992). Similar features can be found in the image of the author´s subject of the prose Živý bič (The Living Whip, 1927). It includes the author´s memories of the First World War organized in a literary way. These images are confronted with the author´s subject presented in Urban´s magazine and newspaper articles. This is where the progression of the author´s journalism career is revealed as its ideological aspects only show later when he becomes the editor-in-chief of the daily Gardista. The outcome of the analysis of the different ways of Milo Urban´s writing is ambivalence of the author´s subject depicted by him.
8

Odpowiedzialność w pracy dziennikarzy

88%
Korenecki T.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
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2010
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issue 2(3)
115-124
EN
A journalist should always try to claim responsibility for his/her work. The present paper is an attempt to inspect their work in order to indicate at least some of the dimensions towards which a journalist should feel responsible. Analysis of a journalist’s responsibility seems to be essential at a time when the media are exerting bigger and bigger influence upon the contemporary man, very frequently replacing interpersonal relations, family relations included.
9

K ČÍTANIU DRUHÉHO DIELU MEMOÁROV MILA URBANA

88%
Csiba K.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 6
468 – 478
EN
With the help of reading the second volume of the memoirs titled Kade-tade po Halinde. Neveselé spomienky na veselé roky. /All around Halinda. Cheerless Memories of Cheerful Years/ written by Milo Urban and published as late as in 1992, the paper reveals the publishing environment which the author entered at the very beginning of his literary and journalistic career. It is set within the period between his first articles in magazines and the year when his novel Živý bič (The Living Whip, 1927) was published. The article is therefore dominated by the references to several interwar periodicals – dailies Slovák and Slovenský národ, as well as the students´ magazine Vatra. This is also why the scope and variety of Urban´s bibliography within the period in question are so surprisingly wide. In this paper special attention is also paid to the author´s attitude to politics and ideologies, which he dissociates from in his memoirs.
10

ANALÝZA POLITICKEJ A SOCIÁLNEJ KARIKATÚRY V ČASOPISOCH RARÁŠEK A JEŽIBABA V OBDOBÍ ROKOV 1870 – 1872

88%
Krátky M.
|
2020
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vol. 68
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issue 2
249 – 269
EN
Nineteenth century Slovak caricatures come from a wide range of political positions. The magazines Ježibaba supporting the Slovak New School and Rarášek belonging to the Slovak National Party were the most important representatives of political and social humour in the years 1870–1872. They had different approaches to drawing caricatures and their thematic starting points, by which both participated in shaping the political thought of the period. The intense aggressiveness of the drawings in Ježibaba may be seen as a demonstration of the political effort of the New School to establish a new political orientation. On the other hand, the artistically more conservative Rarášek opened social themes and brought systematic effort to the work of political journalism.
11

THE POMERANIAN PRESS IN 1848-1939: STATE AND OUTLOOK OF RESEARCH (Prasa pomorska w latach 1848-1939: stan badan i perspektywy badawcze)

75%
Romanow A.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
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2010
|
vol. 13
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issue 1-2(25-26)
69-79
EN
The article discusses the state and outlook of research on the Pomeranian press of the period 1848-1939. It draws attention to the need for a complete bibliography and a synthesis of the history of the region's press. It also discusses problems faced by researchers and the need for them to share with each other their knowledge of the history of the Pomeranian press.
12
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„Držím já na císaře ... a držím se svým králem“. Výklad světa po revoluci 1848

75%
Pokorná M.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2011
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vol. 109
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issue 1
44-80
EN
This study summarizes the outlets for publication in the period of changes to publishing legislation between 1849-1852. In particular, this study analyses Václav Frost‘s title Truth will out (Jen s pravdou ven) designed especially for the rural readers and it thus deepens contemporary understanding of readership strategies at the beginnings of Neo-absolutism. The principal attention is devoted both to religious issues (among others a polemic on Eugène Sue’s The Wandering Jew), and social and political matters (such as a discussion on Karel Havlíček’s views in his journal Slovan). This publication also reflects many other matters, for example certain stereotypes in the populace’s views, the importance of theatre in Czech society in the middle of the 19th century, but also a „popular“ reflection of academic works (such as the works by František Palacký).
13

KAROL WOJTYLA'S VISION OF JOURNALISM (1949-1978). PART I (Karola Wojtyly wizja dziennikarstwa (1949-1978). Czesc I)

75%
Narewska D.
Biuletyn Edukacji Medialnej
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2010
|
issue 1
47-73
EN
The article's main thesis is based on the premise that Karol Jozef Wojtyla (1920-2005), the 264th Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), during the Cracow period of his life (during People's Republic of Poland) was a journalist publishing in ninety three catholic newspapers (fifty of which were Polish) and a co-editor of one of them - 'Tygodnik Powszechny'. Based on his twenty nine years of journalistic experience and personal-professional rules proposed to the editors and journalists, he is predestined to formulate his own vision of journalism. The personal, biblical, eucharistic, symphonic, ecumenistic, kerygmatic-rationalistic, ethical, educative, and spiritual Carmelitan vision of journalism is owed to the journalistic-editorial practice and the thought process related to the catholic journalism from the pastoral point of view. The theory of the Honorable God Servant may have a significant influence on the contemporary catholic media whose goal is to satiate the recipient's hunger for God through publishing activity. This scientific paper has proven that Wojtyla was a journalist receiving payments for his articles since 1949 and that, as a result of being the 'religious supervisor,' and served as the editor-in-chief of the 'Tygodnik Powszechny' since 1958. He cooperated with this catholic paper as a bishop, archbishop and cardinal, co-creating its social-cultural profile together with his secular editor Jerzym Turowiczem (1912-1999). Wojtyla wanted it to be a newspaper for catholics who could rediscover Church as well as themselves in it. Out of six hundred thirty five Wojtyla's publications found in the Subject Bibliography Wiktora Gramatowskiego i Zofii Wilinskiej, seventy two articles were published in the Cracow newspapers (proven by utilizing three criteria 'newspapers,' 'genra domination,' 'editorial') while nine of them were published in 'Znak'. It constitutes one fifth of all of Wojtyla's publications from the Cracow period. Two articles, out of eighty one, were chosen for detailed analysis: Mission de France and Catholicism of Stubborness, which show Wojtyla's journalistic growth in 'wisdom and grace'. The publishing debut turned out to be a success for a beginner journalist while the second article resulted in a journalistic 'failure' which later on contributed to choosing a transgressional journalistic path crossing the bounds of the classical forms of press genera. This paper proves that John Paul II's cooperation - which he classified by the term of 'alliance' - 'Tygodnik Powszechny' consisted of four stages characterized by his evolutionary relationship with the newspaper due to the newspaper's changing course and direction. The newspaper faced self-determination problems of character in the socialistic reality (repressive and preventive censorship, lack of printing paper, press monopoly). The leading thesis of the dissertation was to identify Wojtyla's basic journalistic ideas. These are eight essential pirmacies for God's Servant: 1. Primacy 'Spirit's speech' in the Mystical Body of Christ over the speech of a human, 2. Primacy of a person over an object, 3. Primacy of 'to be' over 'to act,' 4. Primacy of 'to be' over 'to have,' 5. Primacy of that which is spiritual over that which is bodily, 6. Primacy of love over conflict, 7. Primacy of internal life over its external aspects, 8. Primacy of initiation over information and pedagogy of faith over opinion journalism. Based on the analysis of Wojtyla's life, teachings and journalistic publications one can formulate nine rules: 1. non-separation between a person and his/her honor (personal), 2. non-separation of triad person-truth-information (eucharistic), 3. dialogical truth (symphonic), 4. internal and external consultation (ecumenistic), 5. initiation in information (kerygmatic), 6. gradual information 'true and complete' (biblical), 7. pedagogy of faith in journalism (apta paedagogia fidei), 8. catholic trust (rational), 9. responsible criticism of Church (ethical). The eight central ideas of Wojtyla's journalism and his nine personal-professional rules (encompassing the tenth mystical rule of replaceable suffering in the intention of evangelization) may become a directional sign for media people. The new theory however requires deep consideration since it was not even accepted by the intellectual elite of the 'Tygodnik Powszechny' with which Wojtyla collaborated.
14

KAROL WOJTYLA'S VISION OF JOURNALISM (1949-1978). PART II (Karola Wojtyly wizja dziennikarstwa (1949-1978). Czesc II)

75%
Narewska D.
Biuletyn Edukacji Medialnej
|
2011
|
issue 1
77-103
EN
The article's main thesis is based on the premise that Karol Jozef Wojtyla (1920-2005), the 264th Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), during the Cracow period of his life (during People's Republic of Poland) was a journalist publishing in ninety three catholic newspapers (fifty of which were Polish) and a co-editor of one of them - 'Tygodnik Powszechny'. Based on his twenty nine years of journalistic experience and personal-professional rules proposed to the editors and journalists, he is predestined to formulate his own vision of journalism. The personal, biblical, eucharistic, symphonic, ecumenistic, kerygmatic-rationalistic, ethical, educative, and spiritually Carmelitan vision of journalism is owed to the journalistic-editorial practice and the thought process related to the catholic journalism from the pastoral point of view. The theory of the Honorable God Servant may have a significant influence on the contemporary catholic media whose goal is to satiate the recipient's hunger for God through publishing activity. This scientific paper has proven that Wojtyla was a journalist receiving payments for his articles since 1949 and that, as a result of being the 'religious supervisor,' and served as the editor-in-chief of the 'Tygodnik Powszechny' since 1958. He cooperated with this catholic paper as a bishop, archbishop and cardinal, co-creating its social-cultural profile together with his secular editor Jerzym Turowiczem (1912-1999). Wojtyla wanted it to be a newspaper for catholics who could rediscover Church as well as themselves in it. Out of six hundred thirty five Wojtyla's publications found in the Subject Bibliography Wiktora Gramatowskiego i Zofii Wilinskiej, seventy two articles were published in the Cracow newspapers (proven by utilizing three criteria 'newspapers,' 'genra domination,' 'editorial') while nine of them were published in 'Znak.' It constitutes one fifth of all of Wojtyla's publications from the Cracow period. Two articles, out of eighty one, were chosen for detailed analysis: Mission de France and Catholicism of Stubborness, which show Wojtyla's journalistic growth in 'wisdom and grace'. The publishing debut turned out to be a success for a beginner journalist while the second article resulted in a journalistic 'failure' which later on contributed to choosing a transgressional journalistic path crossing the bounds of the classical forms of press genera. This paper proves that John Paul II's cooperation - which he classified by the term of 'alliance' - 'Tygodnik Powszechny' consisted of four stages characterized by his evolutionary relationship with the newspaper due to the newspaper's changing course and direction. The newspaper faced self-determination problems of character in the socialistic reality (repressive and preventive censorship, lack of printing paper, press monopoly). The leading thesis of the dissertation was to identify Wojtyla's basic journalistic ideas. These are eight essential primacies for God's Servant: 1. Primacy 'Spirit's speech' in the Mystical Body of Christ over the speech of a human, 2. Primacy of a person over an object, 3. Primacy of 'to be' over 'to act,' 4. Primacy of 'to be' over 'to have,' 5. Primacy of that which is spiritual over that which is bodily, 6. Primacy of love over conflict, 7. Primacy of internal life over its external aspects, 8. Primacy of initiation over information and pedagogy of faith over opinion journalism. Based on the analysis of Wojtyla's life, teachings and journalistic publications one can formulate nine rules: 1. non-separation between a person and his/her honor (personal), 2. non-separation of triad person-truth-information (eucharistic), 3. dialogical truth (symphonic), 4. internal and external consultation (ecumenistic), 5. initiation in information (kerygmatic), 6. gradual information 'true and complete' (biblical), 7. pedagogy of faith in journalism (apta paedagogia fidei), 8. catholic trust (rational), 9. responsible criticism of Church (ethical). The eight central ideas of Wojtyla's journalism and his nine personal-professional rules (encompassing the tenth mystical rule of replaceable suffering in the intention of evangelization) may become a directional sign for media people. The new theory however requires deep consideration since it was not even accepted by the intellectual elite of the 'Tygodnik Powszechny' with which Wojtyla collaborated.
15

COMMENTARY ON THE EVENTS OF 1905 IN THE WEEKLY 'TYGODNIK ILUSTROWANY' (Publicystyka 'Tygodnika Ilustrowanego' wobec wydarzen 1905 roku)

75%
Koltoniak A.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
|
2009
|
vol. 12
|
issue 2 (24)
19-34
EN
The article discusses changes in Warsaw's cultural press using the example of the weekly 'Tygodnik Ilustrowany'. In 1905-1906, periodicals were published irregularly and were busy battling with preventive censorship. Journalists, literary critics and men of culture had to face new social problems resulting from the continuous expansion of socialist ideology. Articles by Jankowski, Prus and Reymont provide evidence of the uncertainties experienced by the Kingdom of Poland's cultural elites in the new reality.
16

PROFESSIONAL PEREGRINATIONS OF POLISH PRESS EDITORS IN THE GDANSK POMERANIA (UNTIL 1914) (Zawodowe peregrynacje redaktorow prasy polskiej Pomorza Gdanskiego (do 1914 roku))

75%
Gzella G.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
|
2009
|
vol. 12
|
issue 2 (24)
5-17
EN
Polish editors of the Pomeranian press in 1848-1914 were frequently changing places of employment, moving from the Gdansk Pomerania to Upper Silesia, Warmia and Masuria, Westphalia and Rhine and the Grand Duchy of Posen. The vacancies left by these peregrinating editors in West Prussia were in turn filled by journalists from Greater Poland
17

Journalism Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

75%
HUDÍKOVÁ Z.
Communication Today
|
2018
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
140-149
EN
The interview presents Professor Andrej Tušer’s opinions on various topics related to journalistic genres and issues modern journalism has to face, with emphasis on the press. Particular attention is paid to addressing the opportunities for independent journalism and the freedom of expression in the current socio-political situation, as well as to the impact of journalism on politicians and their behaviour. His perspectives on the rapidly changing conditions within journalism, contemporary methods of media production, competences of journalists in the age of multi-platform journalism and the development of the Internet and online journalism are also included. Professor Tušer’s practical experience and theoretical expertise are reflected in a range of concepts concerning theoretical issues of journalistic production – including the meaning of genres in contemporary journalism and the position of regional and local print media. The given responses function as thorough, important and critical reflections of this patriarch of Slovak print journalism and journalism theory on the development and the current state of discursive journalism issues in connection with dynamic socio-political and technological transformations.
18

JANINA IPOHORSKA - THE FIRST LADY PIERWSZA OF 'PRZEKROJ' WEEKLY (Janina Ipohorska - pierwsza dama 'Przekroju')

75%
Matras W.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
|
2008
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1-2(21-22)
77-133
EN
Janina Ipohorska, aka Jan Kamyczek, Alojzy Kaczanowski, Bracia Rojek, born 15 August 1914 in Lvov, died 19 September 1981 in Rabka. Painter, journalist, co-founder of 'Przekroj' weekly and author of the column Demokratyczny savoir-vivre [Democratic savoir-vivre], published in 1956 as a how-to book under the title Grzecznosc na co dzien [Everyday politeness]. The screenwriter of the first Polish criminal TV series Kapitan Sowa na tropie [Captain Sowa on the trail].
19
Content available remote

CHURCH‘S ATTITUDE TO THE MEANS AND PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNICATION IN THE 9TH AND 16TH CENTURIES: COURAGE AND TRUST VERSUS ESCAPE AND CENSORSHIP

75%
Adamski A., Przywara B., Przybyło S.
Konštantínove listy
|
2020
|
vol. 13
|
issue 2
111 - 123
EN
This article is interdisciplinary. It concerns the research area of communication and media studies, theology and history. The authors analyze papal documents issued in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which concerned the distribution of the so-called avvisi - handwritten ephemeral writings, commonly regarded as prototypes of modern press. The authors put forward the hypothesis that the criticism of avvisi at that time was mainly based on an immediate political need, while arguments of theological nature had less influence on this attitude. Nevertheless, such an attitude should be regarded as conservative and withdrawing. The authors juxtapose it with a diametrically different approach to the issue of communication, which the Church presented in relation to the mission of Cyril and Methodius. The courageous and trusting attitude of inculturation and treating the language of the Slavic peoples as an instrument of evangelization allowed for more effective missionary activities.
20

Karol Wojtyła jako dziennikarz

75%
Narewska D.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
|
2011
|
issue 1(4)
149-166
EN
This paper is answering the question, whether it is possible to determine Karol Wojtyła with name of the journalist, on the basis of his long-term cooperation around with „Universal Weekly” and with „Sign”? Karol Wojtyła’s journalist’s artistic work esulted in 230 articles (cooperation with „Tygodnik Powszechny” and „Znak”) which appeared in 1949–1978 years on pages of both writings. Out of them, only the part of works is representing determined journalistic kinds and he constitutes the direct research source material. Rema-ining articles let in the indirect way establish, on what – according to Karol Wojtyła – a formation of the Catholic journalist should be like. This scientific paper has proven that Wojtyła was a journalist since 1949 and that, as a result of being the „religious supervisor”. He cooperated with this catholic paper as a bishop, archbishop and cardinal. Wojtyła wanted it to be a newspaper for all catholics who could rediscover Church as well as themselves in it.
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