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1

KREMNICKÁ MINCOVŇA NA STRÁNKACH DOBOVEJ TLAČE V OBDOBÍ ROKOV 1938/1945

100%
Volentier L.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
|
2019
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
7 – 14
EN
The Kremnica mint belongs to the world's unique ones that need to be presented. Even a relatively short period of the Slovak state has brought a lot of interesting insights into the history of the company. The period in question arose only at the outside of an independent state. Germany ran everything from industry to functioning in the country. It was also the case in the Kremnica mint, but the state and Germany oversaw the processing of such expensive metal and coinage. Besides these things the company produced badges, medals and buttons. The post-1943 period was a difficult period for the company to produce raw materials for production. The mint, thanks to the SNU, managed to survive this difficult period and thanks to many interventions helped the insurgents. The period after the suppression of the SNU meant for the mercenary occupation a subsequent expulsion and the destruction of what could not be taken away. After the liberated lands by the Soviet army, a gradual renewal of the business and the launch of new coins came about. It is to the detriment that the reference of the Kremnica mint, written since 1328, has been in the last time shuffling from people's awareness.
2

VÝPOVEDNÁ HODNOTA KREMNICKÝCH TESTAMENTOV ZO 16. STOROČIA

88%
Haas Kianička D.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2015
|
vol. 4
|
issue 1
6 – 14
EN
There are testaments from the 16th century preserved in Kremnica state archive. They are written in Latin, German and in one sample also in Slovak language. Last wills prepared a man for a death in spiritual and secular (division of property) way. Testaments eliminated conflict between secular property and desire for an eternal life. Formally testaments consist of several parts – invocation, intitulation, profession of faith, passages about human mortality, composing of the last will and redress of sins, heritages of property, confirmation, corroborating and date formulas. The content of the testaments is an important historical source for economic, law, culture, regional history and also history of material culture and everyday life.
3

WATER-USE OF MINING TOWNS AND THEIR VILLAGES IN MEDIEVAL HUNGARY: THE EXAMPLE OF KREMNICA

75%
Vadas A.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2021
|
vol. 10
|
issue 2
37 - 54
EN
The paper addresses the long-term impact of mining towns and the villages under the authority of these towns on the waterscapes in the northern mining area of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Slovakia). The paper focuses on the privileging practices of the settlers of villages founded by burghers of a medieval mining town, Kremnica. The paper argues that analysing Kremnica’s practice in settling the town’s surroundings may on the one hand shed light on the privileges of the settlers of the town itself, and on the other, be crucial to understanding a previously neglected environmental impact of mining in pre-modern times. The paper argues that while charters of privilege provided to mining towns seldom refer to the freedom to exploit water, the towns’ settlers did use the waterways to their benefit. In arguing for this the paper discusses the freedoms of the settlers’ villages of Kremnica in the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries. The freedom of settlers – or the leading of the settling process – led to an increased pressure on waterways in mining town areas that had lasting consequences on the landscapes of these regions.
4

KNIŽNÁ VÄZBA VYBRANÝCH STREDOVEKÝCH RUKOPISOV Z BRATISLAVY, KREMNICE, KOŠÍC A SPIŠA

75%
Lazorík E.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
|
2023
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vol. 27
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issue 2
532 - 565
EN
This paper studies bookbinding of medieval manuscripts from three different collections. 25 books from a Kremnica parish library are deposited in Slovak National Archives. Viennese workshops, stored in Kremnica, especially Mathias and Blasius Coniugatus produced the most blind-tooled covers from Kremnica. However, it is possible that 1 bookbinding was made in a regional workshop. Only five codices from a library of Bratislava Franciscan monastery stored in the University Library in Bratislava are decorated by blind tooling technique. The author identified three of them. One was made again in Vienna by Mathias, second in Tegernsee Bavarian Benedictine monastery and third in a workshop Eichel-Lilie I. Batthyaneum Library in Alba Iulia owns many manuscripts from various institutions of Eastern Slovakia. A Dominican monastery in Košice had its own bookbinding workshop. It is possible to distinguish three groups of its products. Manuscripts for the Dominican library were usually decorated with the stamp Maria. Dominicans worked also for other owners of books, and they use different stamps and compositions for them (a group with a headstamp and a probable group with dominant composition). Bookbinding from region Spiš can be divided into two other clusters apart of a known Levoča workshop. The first is characterized by a bouquet composition and the second by a stamp with an eagle.
5

GRÓFI BANSKEJ A MINCOVEJ KOMORY V KREMNICI A KOMORSKÝ GRÓF KONRÁD ROLNER (1440 – 1446)

75%
Haas Kianička D.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 3
417 – 438
EN
The mint marks on medieval Hungarian coins can be used to determine the chronological order in which the coins were minted. It is necessary though, to start with the years of reigns of the monarchs, the iconography of the coins, as well as written sources referring to the Chamber Counts administering the Royal Mining and Coin Chambers. This is important for economic history, numismatic research, and the dating of archaeological finds. One of the medieval Chamber Counts of Kremnica was Konrád Rolner. He held this position not only between 1440 and 1443, as stated in most professional literature sources, but also between 1444 and 1446, as indicated by several documents. There are also references to the Chamber Count Konrád Polner, which are based on the misreading of his surname. Its correct form is Rolner. Chamber Count Konrád Polner is therefore identical with the Count Konrád Rolner. Gold florins bearing the mint mark K - R + can thus be assigned to Konrád Rolner.
6

DAŇOVÉ POVINNOSTI BANSKÉHO A MINCOVÉHO MESTA KREMNICA V STREDOVEKU

75%
Štefánik M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2013
|
vol. 61
|
issue 4
645 – 654
EN
The first document relating to royal taxes of Kremnica dates from 1375 and mentions a sum of 600 “red” florins. Various documents from the reign of Sigismund record 300 gold florins paid twice a year. The Union of Central Slovak Mining Towns headed by Kremnica began to form from the end of the 14th century and to act together. In 1424, King Sigismund granted all the towns including Kremnica to his wife Queen Barbara, and from that time they paid their tax to the queen. As head of the Union, Kremnica was given responsibility for joint accounting at the beginning of the 16th century, but it probably already had this role from an earlier date. The mining towns paid the royal tax (taxa regia) jointly. In the documented years 1507-1518, Kremnica paid about a quarter (24.87 – 27.49%) of the tax or in absolute amounts 106 – 288.67 accounting florins. The reduction of the regular tax in comparison with the previous period can be explained by the raising of extraordinary, especially military taxes and the general impoverishment of the mining towns as a result of the declining profitability of mining. The complaints to the king about these problems were so frequent that in numerous cases taxes were not charged for long periods. The share and documentation of the regular taxes gradually declined in comparison with the irregular or special taxes (visit by monarch, military taxes – the so called “subsidia” etc). In these cases, the joint tax could reach several thousand florins. Kremnica’s share may have been about a quarter. As for military taxes (“subsidia”), the towns were often willing to pay only a small part of demanded sums. They attempted to negotiate with the king to gain a substantial reduction.
7

ERHARD MODRER Z TRNAVY A KREMNICE – POČIATKY RODU. MODELOVÁ ANALÝZA PREMENY MEŠTIANSKYCH ELÍT V STREDOVEKOM UHORSKOM KRÁĽOVSTVE

63%
Rábik V.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2018
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
75 – 93
EN
Medieval Hungarian society underwent significant changes during the 15th century, which brought many new possibilities for social application. In particular, this affected the inhabitants of the Hungarian cities, who had, in the previous century, gained considerable independence from the power and ownership structures in the country. In the 15th century, the transition to fully emancipated urban settlements with accumulated power and economic potential was completed. This change can best observed through the minutious study of individual persons from this period. A model example of this is the fate and story of the Trnava burgess Erhard Modrer, whose ancestors had played a significant role in the urban formation of Modra, and had also been members of the administrations of Trnava and Kremnica. The example of Erhard Modrer illustrates how, in this period, urban elites were ascending to the highest positions, even reaching the status of the Hungarian nobility.
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