Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  Kapitalizm
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
espite many crisises, for more than 200 years capitalism has been a system which does not lose its significance. The French school of regulation, which was created as an answer to the crisis of the 1970's and the co-existing phenomenon of stagflation, is trying to explain why despite numerous crisises afflicting this system, it manage to evolve and adapt to new conditions. The objective of the article is to discuss synthetically the problems of capitalism from the point of view of regulation theory. The first part of the article explains the basic principles of regulation theory. Categories such as regimes of accumulation, modes of regulation, means of production or institutional forms constitute the starting point of consideration for the regulationists. This perspective allows to explain significant reasons for crisises and to indicates many types of productions regimes and their evolution. The abovementioned issues were discussed in the second part of the article.
EN
The main issue presented in the article is the process of globalization (also described as a phase of global capitalism) seen from the ethical point of view. The process of globalization has been researched for a long time. Global ethics itself also seems to be already a separate field of study. The growing interest in ethics observed in the last years is mostly due to the crisis of trust put in the sphere of business, as well as the government and institutions. The aim of the article is to provoke a wider discussion concerning the basic rules and the intentions of the global ethics in the environment of today's conditions of global economy in capitalist countries as well as an attempt to convince that the level of the global ethics depends mostly on the current state of ethical awareness in the society and the institutional compliance with ethical norms on local, national and international level.
EN
As an individual acts within the reality which is determined by the social elements, it is crucial for it to comply with traditions and norms. The capitalistic system has created specific mechanisms, performing the role of strengthener of the whole system and enabling the cooperation of all individuals. As a result, in modern economics, the profit motive has been elevated from being merely a key plank in optimising societal benefit, to becoming the sole purpose of economies.
PL
Malejące zaufanie do systemu kapitalistycznego, kryzys demokracji, zmiany demograficzne oraz postępujący rozwój techniczny i technologiczny, a także substytucja pracy kapitałem w warunkach rosnącej konkurencji, sprawiły, iż coraz więcej państw decyduje się na zmianę obieranego kierunku w polityce gospodarczej – z neoliberalnego na bardziej socjaldemokratyczny. Efektem tego jest rosnące zainteresowanie wśród rządzących narzędziami służącymi do zmniejszenia nieustannie rozwijających się nierówności ekonomicznych. Jedne z takich narzędzi to bezwarunkowy dochód gwarantowany. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie wybranych koncepcji owego narzędzia, jego historii, potencjalnych szans i zagrożeń z nim związanych, a także możliwości jego wdrożenia do sfery realnej gospodarki na podstawie dotychczas przeprowadzonych programów pilotażowych.
EN
At the time of reduced trust for capitalism system, democratic crisis, demographic changes and progressive technical and technological development, as well as labour substitution for capital, many countries have decided to change the course has taken in economic policy, from neoliberal to more social-democratic. As a result, more and more governments are interested about effective tools used to reduce perpetually developing economic inequalities. One of such a tool is basic income. The aim of this article is to present selected concepts of this tool, his history, potential chances and threats related to it, as well as the possibilities of its implementation in the real economy based on already conducted pilots programs.
Ekonomista
|
2020
|
issue 2
236-252
PL
Przedmiotem tego szkicu jest prezentacja studiów Michała Kaleckiego nad dynamiką i cyklicznym rozwojem gospodarki kapitalistycznej, które przyniosły mu największy rozgłos i uznanie w środowisku ekonomicznym i które są dalej w rozwijane i reinterpretowane, przede wszystkim na gruncie współczesnej ekonomii postkeynesowskiej. We wstępie autor pokazuje aksjologię badań Kaleckiego nad rozwiniętą gospodarką kapitalistyczną, gospodarką centralnie planowaną oraz gospodarką krajów "Trzeciego Świata". Część pierwsza przedstawia model cyklu koniunkturalnego i dynamiki gospodarki kapitalistycznej opracowany przez Kaleckiego. Model ten, będący jego własną wersją teorii efektywnego popytu, stał się ramą analityczną jego teorii pełnego zatrudnienia i płynącej z niej rekomendacji dla polityki gospodarczej, które są omawiane w części drugiej. Część trzecia omawia podstawowe różnice między gospodarką kapitalistyczną, która istniała w latach kryzysu 1929-1933 aż do mniej więcej połowy lat siedemdziesiątych ubiegłego stulecia, a gospodarką współczesnego, globalnego kapitalizmu finansowego. Autor próbuje przy tym wskazać, jak Kalecki podszedłby zapewne do wyzwań współczesnego kapitalizmu finansowego i jakich mógłby udzielić wskazań na temat pożądanej polityki gospodarczej, kierując się swoją aksjologią dotyczącą celów gospodarowania.
EN
This paper presents the studies of Michał Kalecki on the dynamics and cyclical development of the capitalist economy, which brought him the largest renown and esteem and which are further developed and reinterpreted, notably in the framework of the contemporary post-Keynesian economics. In the introduction, the author shows the axiology of the Kalecki's research on the developed capitalist economy, centrally planned economy, and the economy of the 'Third World'. The first section presents the Kalecki's model of business cycle and the dynamics of the capitalist economy. This model, being his own version of the effective demand theory, has become the analytical framework for his theory of full employment and policy recommendations derived thereof, which are discussed in section two. Section three shows basic differences between the capitalist economy that existed during the Great Depression of the years 1929-33 up to about the half of the seventies of the last century and the economy of the contemporary global capitalism. The author tries to indicate how Kalecki might have approached the challenges of the contemporary financial capitalism and what kind of policy recommendations could he suggest according to his axiology as to the aims of economic activity.
EN
The society is a complex formation consisting of relations, impacts and roles. The need of satisfying the needs was embedded into the society as a mechanism providing the coherence. The democracy acting on the basis of the abstract rule of equality before the law, requires the usage of different mechanisms which guarantee the continuity of the law system. As the bureaucracy became a part of the social organism functioning within the capitalistic and democratic conditions, it enabled the change of the community actions into rational and regular ones.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.