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EN
In this commentary an indispensable aspect of creativity, knowing creativity, is articulated as a response to Glăveanu’s (2014) inquiry into advancement of the field of the psychology of creativity. Connotations of knowing are presented such as perceiving and understanding ourselves within our environment. Accordingly, knowing creativity is about genuinely seeing, sensing, feeling, and relating creativity for self and the common good.
EN
The Endogenous growth theory assumes that the economy automatically benefits from its investments in to the knowledge. The knowledge is the public ware that can be used by the Entire economy. It leads to the innovation and the economic growth. The entrepreneurship has the main role in the successful process of the commercialization of the knowledge. The aim of this article is to present the situation of this process in the enterprises in the Slovak Republic.
EN
Recently, Knowledge Management (KM) has gained incredible attention in business world because of the rising importance of knowledge as a competitive power and strategic resource. However, Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) have faced some challenges about the employment of Knowledge Management (KM) practices. The principal objective of this study is to explore the regarded challenges of Turkish SMEs to implement as well as their perceptions about KM. It is also aimed to determine KM infrastructure Turkish SMEs that is necessary for them. The findings of this research show that Turkish SMEs are aware of the impact of knowledge in their business performances. However, the majority of them do not still have KM program and have not completed KM infrastructure that is necessary to manage knowledge systematically and effectively.
EN
Based on the findings of Shulman and Bromme the construct “tacit knowledge” was paid a lot of attention in the 1990s – primarily in the area of (natural) sciences. The investigation in hand, carried out as a research assignment at the State College of Education, aims at the identification of subjective theories and their modifications with teacher trainees (lower secondary pathway) over a period of four semesters of study. The main results of the total analysis of the data show modifications in the perception of their own roles (from students to teachers) in connection with self-related cognitions and self-efficacy, the perception of the child and/or the perception of the child in his/her role as a pupil; various aspects of tuition connected to their own roles as teachers and the pressure to act in challenging situations, the increasing understanding of a teacher’s job in the dimension of education as well as a shift from mainly cognitive learning to social learning.
EN
Aesthetic chills occur in artistic, scientific and religious context. We introduce a theoretical framework relating them to humans’ vital need for cognition. We discuss the implications of such a framework and the plausibility of our hypothesis. Numerous references to chills are introduced (quotes from, inter alios, artists, physicists and mathematicians).
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EN
The contribution addresses a topic discussed since the 17th century by philosophers, logicians and lexicographers: to what extent does the semantic complexity of certain words convey knowledge of the extralinguistic world? What influence does this knowledge have on the coherence of a text? Conversely, another type of complexity must be taken into account as well, the one starting from things: what linguistic devices are adopted to express this complexity in an efficient way? The relationship between the complexity types and knowledge has been investigated by different strands of research in the humanities and is becoming a focus of multidisciplinary research.
EN
We often separate knowing and acting into two distinct tasks to perform and think that one must first know and only then can one act. This also indicates that one can have knowledge without action or one can know what the proper action is yet fail to act. This essay will examine theories of learning/knowing suggested in the Confucian and Bud-dhist traditions and argue that there is a strong tendency in Confucianism and Buddhism that favors engaged knowing over detached knowing and rejects the separation between knowing and acting. The essay will also suggest that the idea of engaged knowing sug-gested in Buddhism and Confucianism will help us reevaluate the representationalist notion of knowledge.
EN
This paper focuses on essence and relationships between information society (IS) and knowledge economy (KE) concepts. The aim of this article is twofold. The first objective is to denominate the conceptual framework and relationships between IS and KE conceptions. The second is to present dependencies between the indexes of IS and KE development level in selected countries. Firstly, based on the notional relations between information and knowledge, there are characterized the relationships between concepts of information society, knowledge economy and knowledge society (KS). Secondly, using popular composite indexes evaluating the degree of IS and KE development i.e. Networked Readiness Index (NRI), ICT Development Index (IDI), Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) and Summary Innovation Index (SII), there were studied corelations between information society and knowledge economy in 34 selected countries in 2012. The paper concludes by stating limits and implications for further research. This work contributes to systematization and integration of knowledge about the mutually permeable conceptions of information society and knowledge economy.
EN
Purpose: To determine the level of knowledge regarding cervical carcinoma risk factors and to evaluate selected health behaviours presented by nurses in primary prevention of the reproductive organ malignancies.Materials and methods: The diagnostic survey with the use of self-constructed questionnaire was applied in the study. Data was collected among 184 nurses from two provinces in Poland.Results: According to the nurses, family history of cancer was the major risk factor in cervical carcinoma. The second most frequently enumerated risk factor, determining the incidence of cervical carcinoma, was oncogenic HPV types of infections. Nurses also mentioned frequent changes of sexual partners and early sexual initiation. More than 50% of respondents (54.3%) declared family history of various types of cancer including cervical carcinoma (3.8%). The majority of nurses were sexually active (82.6%) and had one partner (79.9%). Almost all nurses (93.5%) reported they had the cytological examination done regularly and 52.7% had it during last 12 months.Conclusions: The level of nurses’ knowledge regarding predisposing factors of cervical carcinoma development is good. Behaviours declared by the majority of them, belonged to the category of pro-health behaviours, which helps in the early detection and treatment of cancer.
EN
In this paper I make the case that we should reject an argument that even knowledge of pointless truths has pro tanto final value. The argument draws on Greco’s virtue epis-temological account of knowledge, according to which knowledge is an achievement and achievements have final value in virtue of being constitutive of the good life. I ar-gue for my position by drawing on a case of knowledge of a pointless truth unlike pre-vious cases of pointless truths discussed in the literature. This is a case in which knowledge of a pointless truth is very cheaply gained, and so it is a case in which the disvalue of the cost of gaining the knowledge cannot plausibly outweigh the supposed pro tanto final value of knowledge.
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EN
The aim of this theoretical study is to clear the concept of tacit knowledge. In the first part of the text, the authors show where the confusion comes from. If we take knowledge as a mental representation we will not, in fact, be able to inquire it. In the second part, an alternative, which has been alive for more than a hundred years, is detected in works on knowledge and knowing by scholars such as Dewey and Piaget. Then, in the third part, the authors depict the hesitation of specialists that could not abandon the old traditional understanding of knowledge (in the study connected with the “paradigm of separated objects”) and their need to across it. Thus they stay between the old and the new paradigm (the new one is in the text referred to as the “paradigm of a unified field”) and therefore, their theories are very often confusing and unusable in praxis. For better understanding of the two – traditional and alternative – paradigms, the authors offer a short introduction to both in the fourth and fifth parts. The study ends by the conclusion that if we are able to understand knowledge not as a representation, but as a dynamic structure of a unified field, we will be able to grasp tacit knowledge as atacit dimension of the structure and thus we will be able to study it more properly.
EN
This study aims to determine the effect of the level of knowledge and perceptions and inter-personal communication of adolescents on violent behavior in dating relation-ships. This research uses quantitative research methods with a population of adoles-cents aged 15 to 20 years in Petukanangan Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta with a quota sample of 200 respondents. This study also uses theories and concepts related to adolescent perceptions, knowledge, interpersonal communication, and behavior. The results of this study found that there is an influence of knowledge variables, Interper-sonal Communication Variables and Perception Variables on violent behavior in courtship relationships, although linearity does not mean that if knowledge is high about values and norms then violence on dating relationships will be low, if interper-sonal communication is high then violent behavior low, but if perceptions are high then violent behavior is also high meaning personal and situational perceptions influ-ence violent behavior in dating relationships. Perception, Knowledge, Communication, Dating Violence (KDP), Teenagers Niniejsze badanie ma na celu określenie wpływu poziomu wiedzy i spostrzeżeń oraz komunikacji międzyludzkiej nastolatków na gwałtowne zachowania w związkach randkowych. W badaniach wykorzystano metody badań ilościowych z populacją nastolatków w wieku od 15 do 20 lat w Petukangan Kebayoran Lama, Dżakarta Południowa, z próbą kwotową 200 respondentów. W badaniu wykorzystano również teorie i pojęcia związane z percepcją nastolatków, wiedzą, komunikacją interpersonalną i zachowaniem. Wyniki tego badania wykazały, że wpływ zmiennych wiedzy, interpersonalnych zmiennych komunikacyjnych i zmiennych percepcyjnych na zachowanie agresywne w stosunkach zalotów jest liniowy, chociaż liniowość nie oznacza, że jeśli wiedza o wartościach i normach jest duża, to przemoc w relacjach randkowych będzie niska , jeśli komunikacja interpersonalna jest wysoka, wówczas zachowania związane z przemocą są niskie, ale jeśli percepcja jest wysoka, wówczas zachowania agresywne są również wysokie, co oznacza, że osobiste i sytuacyjne postrzeganie wpływają na zachowanie agresywne w relacjach randkowych. Percepcja, wiedza, komunikacja, przemoc randkowa (KDP), młodzież
EN
Any organization through certain management practices geared to achieving that objective. These management practices depend on the managers themselves. The social worker in the office manager must be able to connect with professional competencies own positive qualities. When working with clients to demonstrate not only their knowledge, skills and competence, but mainly trying to help a client with a problem that comes after him. In this paper, we highlight the individuality as a social worker, who can use their knowledge, thoughts and experiences for the benefit of the client.
PL
W artykule omówiono zagadnienie wiedzy polskiej administracji rządowej o sobie samej. Przedstawiono kategorie analityczne zarządzania w polskiej administracji publicznej, światowe trendy w praktyce i badaniach administracji publicznej oraz omówiono bieżący stan badań krajowych. Zaprezentowano również modele administracji publicznej w ujęciu statycznym i dynamicznym.
EN
In the article an issue of the Polish government administration's self-knowledge was discussed. The analytical categories of management in the Polish civil service and the world trends in the civil service praxis and research were discussed, as well as the current state of domestic research was shown. The static and dynamic models of the civil service were also introduced.
EN
Objectives: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of Lebanese married women toward food safety and to assess the correlation of these factors with socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: The evaluation forms of the “Five Keys to Safer Food Manual” of the WHO (World Health Organization) were administered to 516 Lebanese married women living in Beirut and Mount Lebanon between December 2017 and May 2018. The questionnaire is divided into three sections: food safety knowledge (11 questions), attitude (10 questions), and practices (10 questions). A score was calculated for each section with one point for every correct answer. Findings: The mean of knowledge score was 8.23 ± 1.59 over 11, the attitude score was 7.43 ± 1.82 over 10, and the behavior score was 6.69 ± 2.32 over 10. The relationship between the knowledge score and other scores was weak (with behavior score r = 0.222 and attitude score r = 0.260; p-value <0.005). Knowledge and attitude scores were higher than practices score. Food safety knowledge, attitude and practices did not differ with age nor the number of kids. Years of marriage and employment only influenced practices. Frequency of cooking influenced knowledge and behavior. The main food safety problems were found in separating raw from cooked food, cooking food to the right temperature and keeping food at safe temperature whether hot-holding or thawing. Conclusions: Knowledge of food safety measures might not reflect good food safety practices. Therefore, there is a need to highlight the importance of safe practices and prevention of foodborne illnesses.
XX
W literaturze specjalistycznej, szczególnie związanej z informatyką, nietrudno spotkać opinię w sprawie zależności między wzajemnie powiązanymi pojęciami: dane-informacja-wiedza-mądrość. W artykule pragniemy zająć się dwoma ostatnimi członami tego łańcucha - wiedzą i mądrością. Pytaniami, na które pragniemy znaleźć odpowiedź są: czy pojęcia te oznaczają w istocie tę samą właściwość człowieka i czy jedno z nich można zastąpić drugim? Przy tym więcej uwagi poświęcimy mądrości z tego względu, że na temat wiedzy można zna¬leźć wiele publikacji, w szczególności na temat zarządzania nią. (fragment tekstu)
EN
In the specialist literature, especially related to IT, it is easy to find a review about the relationship between the concepts: data-information-knowledge-wisdom. In this article the Author confronted the last two terms of the chain knowledge and wisdom. The main question was whether these terms mean essentially the same human property and whether one of them can replace the other? Presented in the article, the characteristics of both concepts (albeit very limited) allows to formulate an answer: both knowledge and wisdom they are two different dimensions of human personality, and both are necessary to him. They have different roles to meet. Wisdom is a kind of compass indicating the purpose and course of action. The knowledge is essential to evaluate the potential to achieve this purpose and the selection of ways to achieve it. Reducing person to only one of them deform the human figure and reduce it to the role of an intelligent robot, much knowing but uncritically. (original abstract)
EN
The aim of the paper is to show possibility of using knowledge management maturity model (KMMM) for knowledge processes assessment. As a support tool for increasing quality of the knowledge processes can be used mainly PDCA cycle and Kolb's learning cycle. PDCA cycle ensures creation of new knowledge and Kolb's cycle ensures improving the quality of existing knowledge. ISO 9001 standard can provide documentation of knowledge. Important is perception management knowledge like never-ending and continuously improving process.(original abstract)
XX
Celem artykułu jest przeprowadzenie konfrontacji pomiędzy trzema rodzajami wiedzy proceduralnej: algorytmami, heurystyką i analogiami dla ukazania ich głównych cech i wzajemnych powiązań. Stanowi to dowód na różnorodną naturę wiedzy, która obrazuje rzeczywistość w jej ogromnym bogactwie i różnorodności. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The article focuses on three types of procedural knowledge: algorithms, heuristics and analogies. It presents the basic characteristics and interrelationships. It has been emphasized that restricting only to the factual knowledge contained in the data (information) describing the condition of the surrounding reality - what is happening in many cases - is a far-reaching impoverishment of surrounding reality which we want to study and will contribute to its improvement. (original abstract)
XX
Przybliżono ruch Nowej Ery (New Age) uznany za czwartą falę cywilizacyjną, po trzeciej fali - wiedzy jawnej - opisanej przez A. Tofflera. Fale te są skutkiem naturalnego (genetycznego) mechanizmu rozwoju. Chcąc doznawać na nowo satysfakcji, człowiek stale musi podnosić sobie poprzeczkę.
EN
New Era has a various meaning for various people, but focuses about individual element, spirit development on individual level and reasonable element of production and consumption on social level that are connected with idea of optimum conditions and system surveys. Development of human is connected with intention of providing far needs with larger and larger potential. It resulted in creating new waves of civilisation. Presently, after the third wave of Toffler, it is recognised to meet needs of being oneself, springing up and authenticity that are effects of the fourth wave.(original abstract)
PL
W artykule podkreślono znaczenie wiedzy jako istotnego składnika wartości niematerialnych, uczestniczącego w działalności przedsiębiorstwa. Przedstawiono związek między strukturą wiedzy a możliwościami jej międzypokoleniowego transferu w procesie sukcesji przedsiębiorstwa rodzinnego oraz między jego pracownikami. Zaproponowano rozwiązania, które ułatwiają odzyskiwanie wiedzy ukrytej.
EN
The article presents the importance of knowledge as a significant intangible asset of the organization. The relationship between the structure of the knowledge and a possibility of its intergenerational transfer were presented. The process was characterized in the context of the succession of the family business. The author proposed some solutions how to recovery and maintain the tacit knowledge within the company.
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