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PL
Niniejszy artykuł opisuje zasady projektowania Portalu Głosowego wykorzystywanego w informacji telefonicznej komunikacji miejskiej oraz wpływ Zarządzania Informacją (ang. Information Architecture, IA) podczas jego budowy. IA jest najczęściej omawiane w kontekście projektowania stron internetowych i aplikacji graficznych, ale wiele z jego aspektów można zastosować do innych zadań projektowych. W artykule tym zanalizowano, jak można wykorzystać IA w procesie tworzenia systemu, w którym jedynym sposobem interakcji z użytkownikiem jest mowa. Głównym zadaniem tego systemu jest przekazywanie użytkownikom informacji o komunikacji miejskiej przez telefon. Cel ten osiągnięto poprzez użycie systemu dialogowego wykorzystującego technologię rozpoznawania i syntezy mowy. Procedurę IA zastosowano w kilku fazach projektowania dialogu, zwracając szczególną uwagę na różne ograniczenia tego nietypowego podejścia do interakcji z użytkownikiem. Głównym celem jest zaprojektowanie systemu dostarczającego żądanych informacji w szybki i wygodny sposób. Jest to trudne z kilku powodów: kosztu i ograniczeń czasowych, braku doświadczenia użytkowników w interakcji z podobnymi systemami, braku wglądu w ogólną strukturę systemu, co wymusza na użytkowniku wizualizację struktury we własnym umyśle, treściwej prezentacji znaczącej ilości informacji. Typowych rozwiązań takich problemów, obejmujących nawigację, przeglądanie i wyszukiwanie, nie można bezpośrednio zastosować w takim medium, ale wszystkie mają własne, interesujące odpowiedniki.
EN
Providing equal accessibility for all groups of users, including invalids, is one of major challenges for contemporary public transportation systems. The aim of this article is to present, using case of Warsaw, opportunities for cooperation between local government and nongovernmental organizations to create transport policy considering specific needs of all groups of passangers.
EN
Currently in Poland there are two models for an public urban transport companies. The first is based on the mechanisms of budgetary economy, while the second is based on market principles. In the budgetary model, the efficiency is calculated and verified in accordance with the balance between costs and incomes. The market model and its efficiency is based in terms of increasing capital. To evaluate the financial efficiency of the public urban transport companies, standard indicators are not good enough as they are typical for other kinds of enterprises. The principles of a financial efficiency, is in responsibility of companies own economic and financial system. However, it will be different, depending on the adopted organizational and legal form of a chosen kind of public entity.
EN
Modernisation and development of public transport is an important and actual task for many Polish local governments. Very high cost of investment in tram fleet compel municipal authorities to seek solutions to the relatively least aggravating local budgets. This text presents examples of concluding long-term contracts for the provision of transport services from an internal operator. The content focuses primarily on organizational and legal aspects of the described case.
EN
The complexity of collective public transport processes has caused the legislators of EU countries to create permanent regulations concerning the functioning of both organisers and operators of these services. Due to the fact that the organisation of public transport generally lays in the hands of either a local government unit or the minister of transport, a legal person which shall execute the operational tasks of public transport should be appointed. A management board, either in the form of budgetary unit or individual department, usually takes care of the organisation of urban public transport. Local government units are as a matter of fact non-profit organisations which function within the framework of committed budget. This rule also applies to local organisations, which work towards communities. Therefore, a cognitive problem arises - could non-government organisations carry out certain special tasks of local collective public transport and if so, to what extent and how specialised would they have to be. This issue has a significant applicatory value of the possible provision of conditional guidelines of functioning. Those, in turn, could contribute to a strategy for a diversification of roles of public life organisers precisely through the activity of NGOs.
EN
The adjustment of traffic lights has been described as an intelligent traffic solution concept. The concept, besides its interesting assumptions still hasn't been implemented neither in domestic solutions nor throughout the world's. Some promising concepts have been described and a public trial has been taken up to answer the question: whether implementing an intelligent system for the manangement of city traffic in urban agglomerations has economic grounds.
EN
The article compares the largest cities in Poland - those inhabited by more than 300 000 people - in terms of incomes, expenses, their public transport offer and all the funds assigned by the cities to subsidize municipal public transport. There are prominent and significant differences between the cities in the amount of funds directed towards municipal public transport. Municipal public transport, a financing of public transport, cities, incomes and expenses of the cities. The differences in the involvement of the cities in the financing of municipal public transport means that the cities follow their own strategies with regards to the development of the municipal public transport systems, which is reflected in the funds allocated for subsidies.
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