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The Biblical Annals
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1983
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vol. 30
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issue 1
33-45
PL
Die Prophezeiung So 1,2-1,3 spricht über den Tag Jahwe, d.h. über das Eingreifen des Gottes des Richters. Der Prophet gibt dem deutliche eschatologische Grundzüge. Eine kurze exegetisch-theologische Analyse der früheren Prophezeiungen: Am 5,18-20 und Iz 2, 12-17, die auch über den Tag Jahwe sprechen, hat nachgewiesen, dass sie auch gewisse eschatologische Grundzüge haben. Es kommt die Schlussfolgerung auf, dass der Text So 1,2-2,3 nicht die erste Prophezeiung ist, wie einige Kommentatoren meinen, in der der Ausdruck: jôm Jhwh (der Tag Jahwe) Zeichen eines eschatologischen Termins hat.
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Collectanea Theologica
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2017
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vol. 87
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issue 4
151-172
EN
The chief aim of this article is to show the key features of the Aramaicversion of the Book of Zephaniah, that is a part of the Targum Jonathan.The first section of the research discusses the most important aspects of thetheological concepts of Targum Jonathan based on examples from TargumZephaniah. The second part of the article also presents some features oftargumic renderings.
Collectanea Theologica
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2017
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vol. 87
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issue 4
173-190
EN
The first part of the article presents the allegorical interpretation ofseveral passages connected with the sins of the members of the Churchaccording to the Commentary of St. Jerome to the prophet Zephaniah:a. The vain glory and false dignity of priests and bishops (Zeph 1:4); b. Theabandonment of Christ’s garments (Zeph 1:8); c. Disrespect for baptism andpenance (Zeph 1:10); d. Oppression due to false doctrines (Zeph 1:11, 2:8);e. Sins committed by the representatives of the Church (Zeph 2:9); f. FalseChristians inside the Church (Zeph 2:14); g. Oppressive superiors (Zeph 3:3);h. Church doctors disregarding the Holy Spirit and the goodness of God. Inthe second part, the author explores the passages allegorically interpreted inrelation to the care of Christ for his beloved Church: a. The light of the wordand wisdom (Zeph 1:12); b. Destruction of perverse structures (Zeph 1:13); c. An invitation to communion in love and peace (Zeph 2:1); d. The ”Rest”of those who know the Word of God (Zeph 2:9); e. Commitment to mercy(Zeph 3:10-13); f. The end of the punishment and the gift of joy (Zeph 3:14-18); g. The promise of eternal glory (Zeph 3:19-20).
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Księga Sofoniasza w Qumran

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Collectanea Theologica
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2017
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vol. 87
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issue 4
125-150
EN
Like other prophetic texts, the Book of Zephaniah enjoyed popularity andrecognition by the members of the Qumran community. This is testified toby five biblical manuscripts of that book, four in Hebrew (4Q77-78, 4Q82,Mur 88) and one in Greek (8Hev 1), quotations in the Rule of the Community(1QS 5:11 = Zeph 1:6) and in the Exposition on the Patriarchs (4Q464 frg. 4,col. 3, line 9 = Zeph 3:9), direct allusions in the Rule of the Community(1QS 10:22; par. 4Q260 frg. 1, col. 3, line 3 = Zeph 3:13), allusions in theThanksgiving Scroll (1QH 13:32 and 17:6 = Zeph 1:15), in the Paraphraseof the Books of the Kings (4Q382 frg. 9, line 4 = Zeph 1:5), in the Wordsof the Lights (4Q504 frg. 1-2, col. 5, lines 5-6 = Zeph 1:18; 3:6.8), as well asby its existence in the form of two scrolls as the Pesher Zephaniah (1Q15;4Q170). Even though the extant texts of the Pesher Zephaniah are highlyfragmentary and do not have much content, the very fact of their existenceproves that the biblical Book of Zephaniah was the subject of intense studiescarried out by the members of the community, and that its text served asa source of commentary.
EN
This article shows how Jerome employed information about flora and fauna derived from the works of naturalists in the case of the chameleon, an exotic animal mentioned in his Commentary on Zephaniah, written in 393. In his allegorical explanation of Zep 2:12-15, the Bethlehem-based monk compared the color-changing ability of the chameleon to the sinful conduct of the hypocrites, who only pretend to be Christians. Since Jerome’s biblical commentaries are consistent with the larger exegetical tradition of the era, the testimonies of other Christian authors have been invoked as well. This allows us to trace, within the exegesis of the Greek Fathers of the Church, the sources of Jerome’s commentaries on the Prophetic Books of the Old Testament.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia sposób wykorzystywania przez Hieronima ze Strydonu pochodzących z dzieł naturalistów informacji dotyczących świata fauny i flory na przykładzie będącego zwierzęciem egzotycznym kameleona, o którym wzmiankę znajdujemy w powstałym ok. 393 roku Komentarzu do Księgi Sofoniasza. W alegorycznym objaśnieniu So 2,12-15 betlejemski mnich odniósł umiejętność zmiany barwy kameleona do grzesznego postępowania hipokrytów, którzy jedynie udają, że są chrześcijanami. Jako że Hieronimowe komentarze biblijne są zgodne z tradycją egzegetyczną epoki, przywołane zostały także inne świadectwa chrześcijańskich autorów, które pozwalają nam doszukiwać się źródeł komentarzy do ksiąg prorockich Strydończyka w egzegezie greckich Ojców Kościoła.
EN
The author gives, first, the detailed panorama of the historical situationin Juda in VII century BCE and, second, describes the reforms of Josiah.As regards the exact dating of the life and activity of the prophet Zephaniahthere are three main options. One group of scholars puts it at the verybeginning of the reign of the king Josiah, so immediately after 640 BCE.The others prefer the time that followed the very beginnings of the reformmovement, mentioned in the Second Book of Chronicle, so in the decadebefore the culmination of the reform activities of Josiah. The third groupputs the message of Zephaniah in the period after 622 BCE, suggestingthat the prophet strongly supported the king. The first two solutions seemto be the most reasonable.
EN
The oracles against foreign nations in the Book of Zephaniah (Zeph2:4-15) were directed against the Philistines, the Ammonites, the Moabites,the Egyptians and against the Assyrians. Their order is not quite clear,challenging, and wonder if it is really explicable to the very end.The way the oracle is presented against the Philistines (Zeph 2:4-7) isbased on the multitude of names of places, which belonged to this part ofPalestine. The words directed against them “I will destroy you until noinhabitant is left” (Zeph 2:5), force the Judeans to reflect on their behavior,which could lead on to their annihilation, the way the foreign nations willbe destroyed at this moment. The attrition of the Philistines is to functionas a warning for the Judeans against the imminent and awaited punishment,unless they change their conduct.The oracles against the Moabites and the Ammonites (2:8-11) bewilderin two aspects. First of all, the issue concerns the determination of kōl ʼijjêhaggôjim (Zeph 2:11), which can either refer to all nations in general, or onlyto those nations which are hostile towards the Israel. In the direct, precedingcontext, Zephaniah was writing about the victory of JHWH over pagangods (v. 11a); Thus, one may suppose that the representatives of even theremotest corners of the earth will pay homage to JHWH. Secondly, what issurprising is the reverse order, the reversal of the usual order in the oraclesagainst the nations, in which the punishment is presented as first and then itsjustification. Whereas, Zephaniah starts with justification (v. 8 and 10), andlater mentions the punishment (v. 9 and 11a). Why was the oracle constructedin this specific way by the prophet? First of all, it may have constitutedan emphasis which Zephaniah uses to stress the cause (justification) ofthe punishment imposed on the Moabites and the Ammonites. However,attention must also be drawn to w. 11b, which contains eschatologicalannouncement of the universal and widespread cult of JHWH. Thus, theexpression of the oracle was meant to lead to eschatological proclamation,in an climactic construction.The words directed against Egypt (Zeph 2:12) are so cursory that somescholars regard them as part of the oracle against Assyria. Yet, it seemsthat such a connection would be completely unjustifiable, merely becauseof the fact that the punishment the Nubians and the Assyrians will face willbe different, not to mention the fact that the empires of Assyria and Egypt were immemorial enemies of Israel, but different, though. The sword takenout against Egypt (Zeph 2:12) undoubtedly, constitutes a kind of glancingreference to the scene which took place at the gates of Jericho, when Joshuaencountered the Angel of God with an unsheathed sword (Jos 5:13).The description of extermination and destruction of Assyria (Zeph2:13-14) is comprehensive and extensive because the oracles against foreignnations in the Book of Zephaniah reach their climax there. Justification inthis case seems to be perfunctory, though (v. 15) especially considering theimmensity of the punishment.
The Biblical Annals
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2014
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vol. 4
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issue 1
41-55
PL
The article constitutes an analysis of the motif of the day of Yahweh in the Book of Zephaniah. God’s anger, a crucial element of that day, may be interpreted as a metaphor for God’s mercy. The starting point for the verification of this hypothesis is the exploration of the semantic fields employed in the descriptions of the day of Yahweh in the Old Testament. Then, the historical-salvific background for the motif of God’s wrath is outlined. Situating God’s anger in the context of the covenant and Exodus helps pinpoint the function of the metaphor of anger in the message of God’s mercy.
EN
The article seeks to highlight the problem of the theological complexityof the Book of Zephaniah, that would be intriguing to the general reader,and in which the categorical divine oracle of judgment collides with a stronginvitation to the messianic joy (Ze. 3:14-17). By starting from the border verse(Ze. 3:9), where the oracle of judgment rapidly turns into an oracle of salvation,the author tries to examine the internal dynamics of this theologicalturning point. The main purpose of this analysis is to attempt to understandthe nature of the day of the Lord which, in the book of Zephaniah, turns outto be at the same time the day of judgment and the day of salvation. Basedon the classic Aristotelian doctrine of the four causes, the author puts inorder disparate material on the day of the Lord in the book of Zephaniah andsees in it a number of references to the Jahwistic version of the account ofthe sin concerning the sons of God (Gn. 6:1-4) and the flood (Gn. 6:5-8,22;9.1-17). The article may become a contribution to the understanding of theimpact of the Pentateuchal sources on the prophetic tradition.
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