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KIERKEGAARD AND LÉVINAS - TWO MODELS OF DIALOGICAL ATTITUDE (Kierkegaard i Lévinas - dwa modele dialogicznosci)

100%
Korzeniowska M.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
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2010
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vol. 9
|
issue 2(27)
231-244
EN
The main aim of the article is to present Kierkegaard and Lévinas' concept of dialogicity. The relationship between the two philosophers is an interesting but not well-known problem in Polish humanities. Kierkegaard asserts that authentic philosophy must have a dialogical form - by a maieutical self-irony one can experience a stratification of one's own self. Lévinas criticizes Kierkegaard's concept of the dialogue, meaning that it is limited by a lonely subject having an infinite discussion with his or her own self, which the French dialogist recognizes as usual egoism. In the paper, a detailed discussion between these two ideas is presented.
2

BLÍŽNY – VEC

75%
Žižek S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 8
670 – 676
EN
The fragment from the author’s book offers one possible approach to the phenomenon of violence from the perspective of the difference between the Neighbour and the Thing. The fear is nowadays the essential component of subjectivity. By postulating the immeasurable Other as the Neighbour Lévinas tries to approach the problem of the radical alien of the Other. The radical ambiguity of the alien reveals itself in a traumatized subject in whom the gap is permanently present as an inner split: the personal experience on one side and the horrifying deeds on the other. The offered “side-view” is based on the thesis that the inner content of every ethical stand is constituted in a violent gesture of exclusion, which also means scarifying the desire. The more universal the ethics, the more brutal is this exclusion, which is a manifestation of non-consistency and powerlessness. Paradoxically, this condition is a positive one, making the ethical attitude as such possible.
3

MOŽNOSŤ METAFYZIKY

75%
Ocepek M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
|
issue 8
630 - 645
EN
This text ventures into the research of the death or birth of a new metaphysics on the basis of a critical explanation and a new interpretation of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger and Emmanuel Lévinas, especially from the perspective of a critical response to the rational metaphysics and its historical structure. Thus it confronts two philosophical approaches deriving from the phenomenological analysis, completing each other and differing at the same time. The author’s ambition is to promote the confrontation between the existential ontology and radical ethics. The result desired is a new philosophical and essentially different perspective that nevertheless remains open to metaphysics beyond the ontology and the rationality of the traditional metaphysics. The basis here is Lévinas’ critique of ontology as metaphysics that makes it possible to take another way – to the different and the other. The most important is the attitude towards the not-given which remains invisible, but at the same time demands a leap from the level of being to the level of responsibility. Therefore, Lévinas says, ethics precedes the truth as its foundation.
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