Search results - CEJSH

1

POLICY CHALLENGES IN GERMANY AND POLAND: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THE SHARE DATA (Wyzwania dla polityki spoleczno-gospodarczej w Niemczech i w Polsce na podstawie danych SHARE 24)

100%

Myck M.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

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2011

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issue 27

24-38

EN

The paper compares a set of health and labour market outcomes for three populations from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We analyse differences between the Polish aged 50+ and the respective German population divided into those who prior to the unification in 1989 lived in the East and West Germany. In terms of most analysed outcomes we find a 'West-East gradient' with the most favourable statistics found for the west German population and the worst for Poland. The unfavourable situation on the labour market in Poland goes along poor health and lifestyle outcomes on most measures, and it seems that employment and health-related policies should be designed in combination to address the problems. The East–West divide in Germany still seems to present a policy challenge. We find important differences in such outcomes as labour market arrangements and such health outcomes as incidence of high blood pressure and diabetes. The East–West gradient is also found in the so-called underused capacity, i.e. the proportion of healthy individuals aged 50-65 who are not employed. The main factor behind this in Poland is retirement, while the difference in Germany is largely caused by higher levels of unemployment in the east.

2

Badanie „Wejście młodych ludzi na rynek pracy” w II kwartale 2009 r. – wybrane zagadnienia

100%

Mathea E., Mistrzak A.

Prace i Materiały Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

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2011

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vol. 2

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issue 3

165-176

EN

The article presents results of the Labour Force Survey module survey “Entry of young person into the labour market in 2009”. It contains information enabling the assessment of the impact of the young people’s educational level on their job, expectations regarding the first job and their status on the labour market. The survey was conducted by the Central Statistical Office in the 2nd quarter of 2009 and provided data on the employment situation of the population aged 15-34.

3

Labour Market in Health Sector - Neglected Field of Governance

100%

Golinowska S.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

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issue 7(412)

1-5

EN

According to the thesis stated in the article, the labour market of the health sector is the analytically neglected area, which influences the weaknesses of the process of labour resources managing and, as a consequence, the lower efficiency of functioning in relation to the possible level. Moreover, this kind of weakness in the health sector management increases the danger of maintaining the serious unbalance between the labour supply and the labour demand. Such an unbalance is already present and is increasing; additionally, it has a global character. The lack of specialists in the medical professions is estimated globally at around 4,3 mln employed. Simultaneously, there is a huge increase of needs on the demand side. The main factor of increase of health needs - the increase of income - is nowadays intensified by the demographic and epidemiological changes, connected mainly with the population aging process. It is stressed in the article that in order to fight efficiently the shrinking of labour resources of medical professions, one should undertake immediate actions in the field of education, improvement of working conditions and wages of doctors and nurses, and introduce the institution of social dialogue into the current system of collective bargaining in Poland.

4

Poles' Economic Migration after the EU Enlargement

100%

Marek E.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

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issue 11-12(416-417)

23-27

EN

Many Poles have emigrated to the European Union countries to work. In years 2004-2007, total volume of such migration is estimated at 1860 thousand people, mainly to the Great Britain, Germany, and Ireland. Mass emigration causes a number of demographic and economic problems in Poland, in that also in the labour market. Because of approaching recession in the western countries returning and an increase in the unemployment should be expected.

5

Cooperation between Labour Offices and Employment Agencies

100%

Kukulak-Dolata I.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

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issue 1(406)

8-13

EN

In the presented article the results of research on cooperation between the county labour offices and employment agencies were shown. The research was conducted in 2007 as a part of a project 'The potential and perspectives of cooperation between the employment agencies and public employment services', which was co-funded with resources form the European Social Fund. Up-to-date fields of cooperation and its frequency were covered in the analysis. The public service staff were asked their opinions about continuing the cooperation in the future. If a situation where there was no cooperation with the employment agencies occurred, the crucial thing was to evaluate the reasons of such a state.

6

Flexicurity – koncepcja i jej weryfikacja w okresie kryzysu i spowolnienia po 2007 roku

100%

Gładzicka-Janowska A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2013

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issue 3(63)

195-216

EN

The term flexicurity redefines the relationship between employers and employees in the labour market. Flexicurity attempts to strike a balance between the flexibility of employment and the competitiveness of en¬trepreneurs. Denmark and the Netherlands, which have successfully applied flexicurity solutions, are looked up to when it comes to the implementation of these solutions. Long before the economic crisis and down¬turn, flexicurity solutions had proven to be an effective tool to maintain the lowest levels of unemployment among the EU countries. The article presents the results of research on the relationships between the unemployment rate and the flexibility of labour market during the period of the economic crisis and downturn after 2007.

7

Development of competencies in the information society

100%

Frank R.

Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas ( Scientific and Technical Information; Hungarian journal of library and information science)

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2006

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vol. 53

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issue 9

391-403

EN

On today's labour market, recruitment tendencies show a somewhat decreased interest in workforce with specialised knowledge, while there seems to be a strong need for people who are ready to acquire new knowledge, skills and competencies. In the information age, digital and information literacy have become essential competencies. The basics of information literacy can be acquired by distance learning or at special courses organised by libraries. During the timeframe of the current research, part-time students of the Szombathely Teachers' Training College acquired the basics of research methodology via a distance learning course of 12 hours. The knowledge acquired at the course was then transformed into competencies doing practical exercises at the college library. The experiences of this project as well as outcomes of other user education courses at public libraries were examined by tests and questionnaires. The findings showed that the applied method successfully contributed to the development of the information literacy competencies of the participants. However, it was also shown that even when choosing the downloadable electronic format, participants printed it out prior to learning.

8

The effect of labour-market institutions on the unemployment rate

80%

Horvath G.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

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2006

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vol. 53

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issue 9

744-768

EN

The study deals with the effects of labour-market institutions and rigidities on the rate of unemployment, analysing four institutions: unemployment benefit, the trade unions, taxation, and dismissal constraints. The pay model presented is a version of those associated with Pissarides. An attempt is made with this to express numerically the individual and compound effects of the institutions on the unemployment rate, and to gauge how much they influence the process of accommodation that follows shocks. The results show that taxes and dismissal constraints do not increase the rate of unemployment significantly; the effect of them becomes significant only when coupled with high unemployment benefit. A greater contribution to high unemployment is made by the bargaining power of the unions and the scale of unemployment benefit, but these effects can be ameliorated only by factors that do not feature in the model. The constraints on dismissal included in the model slow the reaction to the productivity shock, but the extent of this is not significant.

9

JOB CREATION BY DIRECT FINANCIAL SUBSIDIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC – A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS

80%

Kӧning B., Domonkos T.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2015

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vol. 63

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issue 4

359 – 371

EN

The problem of high unemployment has stigmatized the Slovak labour market for several decades. Policy makers have espoused ambitions to solve this problem but with varyingly small degrees of success. One of the measures of labour market policy can be direct financial support directed at job creation for the unemployed. This article aims to analyse and develop a procedure useful for estimating the effective amount of state subsidies for such kinds of job creation policy. The results indicate that the proposed methodology could be a useful tool to evaluate the upper limit of subsidies.

10

ŠTRUKTÚRNA ADAPTÁCIA ZAMESTNANOSTI NA RECESIU A JEJ PREKONÁVANIE V SLOVENSKEJ EKONOMIKE

80%

Morvay K.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2012

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vol. 60

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issue 2

130 – 145

EN

Effects of recession on the structure of employment have been different in each phase of recession (and revival after the recession). It seems likely correct the assumption of our earlier analysis that in the initial phase of the recession was already noticeable structural changes in employment, but they were far from its final form. In later stages, the shape and intensity of structural changes has changed significantly. Recession strengthened the position of highest-educated workers, penalizing the segment of youngest workers, in their early stage have necessitated further expansion of self-employment to the prejudice of dependent work. Recession in some cases reinforced the structural changes in employment, which were already present even before the recession (expansion of self-employment, share increase of the tertiary educated employed persons), in other cases, the recession has brought new structural changes (increase in the proportion of part-time work). Seem to be more important the cases, when the recession reinforced the structural changes that were in milder form present even before the recession. The recession has added new momentum to them.

11

Transformation of labour resources in Poland 1990-2006

80%

Knapinska M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

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issue 2(407)

6-10

EN

The goal of the elaboration is to present, analyze and evaluate tendencies in main economic ratios connected with level, structure and dynamics of labour supply in Poland after 1990. In the first part the size of human resources was presented, in particular it was the population at the working age in relation with the population at the pre- and post-working age. Than the presentation and evaluation of changes in economic activity and level of education in Poland was made. In the next part of the elaboration the attempt was made to evaluate the tendencies in abroad migrations under conditions of Polish accession to the European Union. Finally, labour demand was presented, especially the level and dynamics of the number of employed persons. The main thesis of the elaboration is to present changes in Polish human resources in the last seventeen years taking into considerations demographic conditions and European integration. The main method used in the research was the descriptive statistics

12

Prognozy podaży i popytu na pracę w przemyśle włókienniczym i odzieżowym w województwie łódzkim

80%

Rogozińska-Pawełczyk A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2013

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issue 6(66)

148-158

EN

This paper aims to analyse the changing labour market in the textile and clothing sector and to predict the future prospects of the industry’s professionals on the regional labour market. The author reviews the current and forecasted (for 2025) supply and demand for the qualifications and skills of the graduates from the region’s vocational schools specialising in textiles and clothing.

13

POSSIBILITIES AND PROSPECTS FOR SOLUTION OF RURAL EMPLOYMENT

80%

Buchta S.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2007

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vol. 39

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issue 2

119-135

EN

The article deals with the prospects for a solution to rural employment in Slovakia. It defines rural space according to the OECD definition and outlines the starting points for a future strategy of solution to rural employment. It identifies the most important factors shaping the development of this area such as, for instance, pressures on labor mobility and labor productivity, demands for improvement of human capital, the infrastructure facilities, restructuring and diversification of rural economy, and changes in a demographic evolution. The outlined perspective of the solution consists indeed in two dimensions, i.e. the development of the human resources and the increase in the entrepreneurial and regional competitiveness. It argues that a continuation of the present situation sets up a danger of the persistence of dual economy and growing socially unacceptable differentiation, including the persistence of the unequal opportunities for the population and the entrepreneurial activities as well particularly in the remote and economically underdeveloped regions. With regard to the significant regional disparities and reduced competitiveness of the economically disadvantaged rural areas, it is necessary to solve this problem progressively and, in particular, systematically.

14

THE WORKING POOR IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

80%

Stanaszek A.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 2

143-169

EN

The purpose of this paper is to depict the population of the working poor in Poland, the EU, the USA and developing countries. The socioeconomic transformations of the last thirty years (e.g. high-tech revolution, globalization, time-space compression) have completely changed and are still changing the labour market. A shift from mass production (Fordism) to flexible specialization (post-Fordism) has caused the erosion of the 'old world of work'. In an era of disorganized capitalism, the work becomes on the one hand more flexible, and on the other less secure. This contributes to greater instability of employment, as well as leads to social disparities and poverty in the labour market.

15

JOB CREATION AND DESTRUCTION: EVIDENCE FROM THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC 2000-2004

80%

Siebertová Z., Senaj M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2007

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vol. 55

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issue 2

107-124

EN

In this paper, job flows and their determinants in the Slovak labour market over the period 2000 - 2004 are documented and analysed. Using the dataset that covers a substantial part of the Slovak enterprise environment (the sample is restricted to the enterprises with at least 20 employees), we focus on different issues of gross job reallocation. We find that job destruction dominates over a job creation and the job reallocation rates are comparable to those found in the other transition economies. We show that most of the job reallocation emerges within the groups considered rather than between groups, the pattern that prevails in the mature market economies. Finally, we investigate the enterprise growth and our results indicate that the probability of employment growth depends positively on ownership type and negatively on the initial size.

16

THE TAX WEDGE IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES (Klin podatkowy w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej)

80%

Nadolny L.

Polityka Społeczna

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2009

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vol. 36

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issue 5-6(422-423)

11-15

EN

The aim of this article is to present the tax wedge issue in Poland and other European Union countries. The first part of the article covers the theoretical basis of the influence of tax wedge on labor market. Then, there is an overview of the structure of tax wedge in Poland for average monthly gross wage in 2008. The last part consists of the comparison of tax wedges in Poland and other European Union countries. The results show that in Poland the size of tax wedge does not vary with wages as opposed to many other EU member countries.

17

THEORETICAL OVERVIEW OF IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP

80%

Garrido A. A., Olmos J. C. C.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2009

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vol. 41

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issue 3

199-221

EN

In this article the authorsw review several different concepts related to immigrant incorporation in the labour market through self-employment. They also examine the main theoretical currents concerned with explaining the phenomenon, occasionally with particular attention to cultural, ecological and interactive factors typical of the North American environment. However, the European case requires a new model, based on social embedment, analysing both market determinants and context of reception, which are usually stricter. Finally, they go on to the new perspectives of research that understands consolidation of immigrant entrepreneurs as a logical transnational action.

18

TRH PRÁCE A STRATÉGIA ZAMESTNANOSTI V EURÓPSKOM PRIESTORE

80%

Rievajová E., Schultzová A.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2005

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vol. 53

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issue 7

710-724

EN

The contribution deals with the employment problem in EU countries and approaches to its solution that are based on the European Council recommendations. Unemployment in EU has been a serious problem from the global point of view, but we can also see regional differences, long term unemployment and unemployment of young people. The European development model includes economic measures based on complex social policy and employment policy. The objective of employment policy is to balance labour supply and labour demand, to provide citizens with the right to work and to utilise the labour resources effectively. The contribution evaluates results of implementing the Employment strategy in EU 15 as well as in Slovakia.

19

MIGRATION AFTER THE EUROPEAN UNION ENLARGEMENT (Procesy migracyjne po rozszerzeniu Unii Europejskiej)

80%

Mucha-Leszko B., Kakol M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2009

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vol. 36

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issue 8(425)

9-13

EN

The work aims are: 1) analysis of intra EU migration after the recent regional block enlargement, 2) evaluation of its economic outcomes for the countries with the most inflow of immigrants and for which labour migration size was significant relative to their population potential. The most important conclusions are the following: 1) immigrants came mainly from the less developed countries, 2) migration had a positive impact on EU economic growth, 3) immigrants constituted complementary labour and did not cause labour market deterioration in the EU-15 countries, 4) financial remittances to emigrants countries were an important factor of demand growth.

20

PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION – THE ROLE OF LABOUR MARKET INSTITUTIONS

80%

Chovancová P.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2021

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vol. 69

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issue 9

928 – 953

EN

Given the relatively low level of productivity and the persisting productivity gap (between the European Union and the United States, and among the member states), measures to enhance total factor productivity growth and productivity convergence in the member states of the European Union are inevitable. The aim of this paper is to determine the factors influencing productivity convergence in member states of the European Union, with emphasis on the role of selected labour market institutions. By means of fixed effects panel regression (LSDV estimator), a catch-up specification of production function and its extensions are estimated. The empirical analysis is conducted on a dataset covering observations from 1995 to 2017 for all member states of the European Union. The empirical results have approved the role of knowledge in determining total factor productivity convergence and the suggestion about the decisive role of labour market institutions.

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