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THE REGULATION OF LOBBYING ON THE COMMUNITY LEVEL, IN THE LIGHT OF THE DEMOCRATIC DILEMMAS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (Regulacja lobbingu na poziomie wspólnotowym w swietle demokratycznych dylematów w Unii Europejskiej)

100%
Fiszer M.
Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)
|
2009
|
issue 24
149-170
EN
The text is an attempt at the assessment of the effectiveness of solutions serving to regulate lobbying in the European Union (EU), proposed by the European Commission (EC) within the framework of The European Transparency Initiative. The assessment was drawn up in the light of the democratic dilemmas arising between transparency and openness, on the one hand and, on the other, the effectiveness of the decision making process; that is to say, between the legitimacy of the 'entry' to the EU political system and its 'exit'. An analysis of the empirical material, encompassing the three groups of actors (the EC, the business milieus and non-governmental organisations) makes it possible to conclude that the tools proposed under the 'Initiative' are too weak and are insufficient to have any significant impact on the strengthening of the legitimacy of the Community's political system.
2

THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES IN THE PROCESS OF EUROPEAN REGIONALIZATION

100%
Piekutowska A., Wakuluk I. E.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2011
|
issue 5(53)
157-170
EN
Economic entities in the EU are extremely valuable actors not only of the economic life by contributing to national income but also by creating jobs, spending some funds for research and development, and creating progress. The European integration is based on the Single Market, and it has increased the role of these entities. Granted privileges - liberty of running business, freedom of services or capital, make a framework of economic activities go far beyond national borders. The effect of free choice of a place of business on the one hand and considering the role of economic entities for a given region is to increase their role in the process of the European integration. One of the aspects examined in the paper is the growing importance of economic entities visible at the stage of co-creation of the EU law and the role played by a strong lobby of employers. The authors presented their voice in the debate around the question: Does the growing role of economic entities threaten the function of the state - or the EU institutions, which in a given field took the power from the states?
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