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EN
The paper synthetically shows the role and tasks of social assistance on a local level, here primarily understood as the lowest level of local administration - 'gmina' (commune). The text first presents a brief summary of legal basis for social assistance as well as explains gmina's tasks. Next the paper describes available social security benefits. Finally those issues which can challenge and undermine the whole system are discussed, for example integration of social assistance initiatives, labour market and national health service.
EN
Public administration, especially local government administration has no macroeconomic instruments, it may only use various stimulants for foreign investors. It also does not have good financial instruments and may only use reductions and exemption from local taxes, in particular land and property taxes. One of more important determinants of location depending, to large extent, on actions of local governments constitutes well developed infrastructure, mostly roads but also the one connected with availing lands to entrepreneurs for investing i.e. facilitating land with sewage system, water supply system, gas and energy system (e.g. special economic zones). National, regional and local authorities should actively create a proper investment climate, favourable to external investments (i.e. foreign, national, regional) and the one directed at retaining enterprises that presently function. The actions which may influence the improvement of the investment climate depend on political determinants and economic situation of a given country or region, on the progress directed at the improvement of the investment climate in the future, the results of liberalization of the policy regarding foreign direct investments and previous activity of promotion . The investment climate constitutes, apart from natural (material, market, cost) advantages of a given area, the integral component of the combination of location determinants influencing the choice of a given country, region or the place for direct location within a region. As for practice, in the conditions of small differences among countries and regions applying for foreign direct investments (FDI), the subjective opinion of investors regarding the location of a future investment plays a crucial role.
EN
In the paper we try to reconstruct the system of local administration in Mojmír’s Moravia. We start from the assumption that the terms used in the Old Slavonic translation of the Nomokanon to designate units in the ecclesiastical administration probably reflected the terms used in local administration in the language of the time. Attention is devoted to units designated as oblastь, strojenije, predělъ, gradъ, město, vьsь, strana. Then we try to identify these territorial units in the system of local administration, their place in the supposed hierarchical structure with a hypothetical description of their organization.
EN
Local administration undergoes a critical assessment of its citizens, i.e. the clients. The specificity of managing public administration is based on particular mechanisms of clerical staff acting. All the actions are delimited by certain legal and administrative procedures. The quality of running an office, pertaining to public opinion, is determined both by the social and content-related clerical abilities/competence. In the social reception, a necessity to modify, improve the present clerical activity turns out to be more and more noticeable within the scope of setting a high standard of work. This standard is realized by a new model of an acquiescent office worker.
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