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Lexikalischer Schwund der 〈ä〉-[æ]-Korrespondenz im Standarddeutschen

100%
Galván Torres A. R.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2022
|
vol. Special Issue
|
issue 16
47-62
EN
The German pronunciation of〈ä〉as [æ] shows great variation, being this one of the main theoretical challenges in the German vocalism. This situation points to a case of sound change in progress. According to Dressler’s (1972) theory of lexical fading, fluctuation occurs when a phoneme is disappearing. The recessive phoneme fades away slowly and gradually, not only from the lexicon, but also from individuals. Accordingly, [æ] is disappearing from the lexicon. I will illustrate here the fading path of the [æ] pronunciation. To do this, I developed a reading aloud test, which contains lexemes with lexically (Käse ‘cheese’), phonologically (Bären ‘Bears’ vs. Beeren ‘berries’) and morphologically (Bällchen ‘little ball’ or Väter ‘fathers’) motivated 〈ä〉 graphemes. The out-loud reading of 33 subjects, all with a DaF background, was recorded and all their 〈ä〉-productions analyzed auditorily. My main finding was that the [æ]-pronunciation is more resistant to fading when it fulfills either a semantic function, as in the case of minimal pairs, or a morphological function, for instance, when it serves as a signal of a morphological category, as in Bällchen, or is itself the main signal, as in Väter.
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Die Lotka-Volterra-Regeln, der Lautwandel und andere Gedanken

84%
Bluhme H.
Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia
|
2015
|
issue 24
141-147
DE
Die Lotka-Volterra-Rechte beziehen sich auf biologische Fakten, einschließlich chaotischer Systeme. Somit können sie auch in Bezug auf Lautwandel angewendet werden, der durch mehrere artikulatorische (analoge) und auditive (digitale) Parameter beeinflusst wird; daher ist Lautwandel nur bedingt vorhersehbar und kann sogar als chaotisch erscheinen. Derselbe Mangel ist in Hinsicht auf viele menschliche Aktivitäten bemerkbar: von Zivilisationen, Geschichte und Ökonomie bis Politik.
EN
The Lotka Volterra Laws, apply to biological facts including chaotic systems. As such they also apply to sound change which is influenced by several articulatory (analogue) and auditory (digital) parameters; therefore sound change is predictable only to a very limited extent and can even seem chaotic. The same shortcoming is apparent in many human activities ranging from civilizations, history and economics to politics.
PL
Prawa Lotki-Volterry stosuje się do faktów biologicznych obejmujących systemy chaotyczne. W związku z tym odnoszą się one również do zmian fonetycznych, na które wpływa wiele parametrów artykulacyjnych (analogowych) i audytywnych (cyfrowych); dlatego też zmiany fonetyczne są przewidywalne jedynie w bardzo ograniczonym stopniu i mogą nawet wydawać się chaotyczne. Takie same problemy dotyczą wielu obszarów aktywności człowieka, zaczynając od cywilizacji, historii i ekonomii, a kończąc na polityce.
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