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EN
Mentioning Aphia as an addressee of the Letter to Philemon is an important part of considering women’s duties in the early Christian communities. It turns out, that in spite of the role as housewives and mothers frequently assigned to them, some of them became also close and important co-workers of St. Paul. Therefore, contrary to certain opinions of feminist theologians, the Apostle of Nations seems to be the least chauvinist writer of his age. In addition to Apphia, who undoubtedly played an important role in the life of community gathering at Philemon’s home, it is also necessary to mention Priscilla (Acts 18 : 1 ff.), Lydia (Acts 16 : 11–14 ff.) and Phoebe (Romans 16 : 1 ff.). They were St. Paul’s closest collaborators. The service of these women shows that thanks to Christianity, contemporary social divisions had been overcome. The divisions have completely lost their significance or have changed their character, due to overworking them in the spirit of Gospel. 
PL
Wymienianie Apfii jako adresatki Listu do Filemona wpisuje się mocno w zagadnienie posługi kobiet w pierwszych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich. Okazuje się bowiem, że pomimo powszechnie przypisanej im roli gospodyń domowych i matek, niektóre z nich stały się także bliskimi i znaczącymi współpracownicami św. Pawła. Dlatego też, wbrew pewnym opiniom teologów feministycznych, Apostoł Narodów jawi się nam jako najmniej szowinistyczny pisarz swej epoki. Obok Apfii, która niewątpliwie odgrywała ważną rolę w życiu wspólnoty gromadzącej się w domu Filemona, wymienić trzeba także Pryscyllę (Dz 18, 1nn), Lidię (Dz 16, 11–14nn) oraz Febe (Rz 16, 1nn). Są to najbliższe współpracownice św. Pawła. Posługa tych kobiet pokazuje, że wraz z chrześcijaństwem zostają przezwyciężone dotychczasowe podziały społeczne. Zupełnie przestają mieć one znaczenie lub przybierają inny charakter, co wynika z przepracowania ich w duchu orędzia Ewangelii.
EN
A broadly understood concept of adjection used in rhetoric comprises various types of verbal and content references. This figure of speech plays an important role in the texts of the Holy Scripture as it shapes the literary construction of the world portrayed by the hagiographers and in consequence bears an impact on the message that they convey. New Bible translations into Polish usually focus on the communicative clarity of the vocabulary chosen, and are less frequently concerned with harmonizing the different levels of the text. The present paper compares eight contemporary Polish translations of the Letter to Philemon together with accompanying commentaries. Among other things, attention is drawn to such elements as the deployment of the etymology of the name Onesi- mus and its connection with the word Christos, the recurrence of the concept of “good”, emphasis on or omission of the connotations of the theme of fight. The interpretations of verses 1, 9, 10 and 14 are set apart since contain metaphors or metonymy. Respect for or reduction of the semantic function of the anaphora and epiphora is examined. The translators of the Letter to Philemon, com- pared to the translators of other books of the Bible, showed greater appreciation, though in varying degrees, of the meaning-formation value of adjection. Perhaps this is due to the shortness of this piece of writing by St. Paul, as fewer textual elements are easier to harmonize.
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