Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  Lubomirscy
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
PL
Książęta Lubomirscy należeli w XVII-XVIII w. do najpotężniejszych rodów Rzeczypospolitej. Młodsza gałąź tej familii, obejmując w połowie XVII w. leżący w powiecie radomskim Janowiec, wraz z przyległymi dobrami, weszła w skład lokalnej elity społeczno-majątkowej. Dwór Lubomirskich w Janowcu był przez trzy pokolenia jednym z centrów politycznych i kulturowych pogranicza sandomiersko-lubelskiego. Od śmierci księcia Antoniego Benedykta Lubomirskiego w 1761 r. datuje się jednak kryzys w jego funkcjonowaniu, zakończony ostatecznym upadkiem i sprzedażą dóbr janowieckich przez jego syna – Jerzego Marcina w 1778 r. Niniejszy tekst stanowi próbę rekonstrukcji składu i organizacji dworu Lubomirskich na zamku w Janowcu, w ostatnich latach jego funkcjonowania. Ze względu na brak archiwum rodowego badania oparto na aktach metrykalnych parafii w Janowcu, które przyniosły wiele interesujących spostrzeżeń. Na podstawie przeanalizowanego materiału udało się częściowo odtworzyć funkcjonowanie dworu, który w świetle badanych metryk wiązać należy z osobą księcia Franciszka Ferdynanda Lubomirskiego, miecznika koronnego (brata Antoniego Benedykta Lubomirskiego). Zrekonstruowano skład oficjalistów zarządzających dobrami, obsadę nadwornych urzędów i działającej na zamku kapeli. Ujawniono też pewne symptomy kryzysu w funkcjonowaniu dworu od połowy lat sześćdziesiątych
EN
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Lubomirski princes belonged to the most powerful lines of Polish Commonwealth. A younger branch of this family, encompassing Janowiec (in the Radom county) in the middle of the 17th century, together with adjoining territories, became a member of the local socio-financial elite. Lubomirski family’s manor house in Janowiec was through three centuries one of the political and cultural centres in the borderland between the Sandomierz and Lublin regions. However, Prince Antoni Benedykt Lubomirski’s death in 1761 marked the beginning of the crisis in functioning of the manor house. Finally, in 1778 it experienced a fall when all Janowiec properties were sold by Antoni’s son, Jerzy Marcin. The article concerned is an attempt to reconstruct the composition and organization of the manor house of the Lubomirski family in Janowiec in the last years of its functioning. Due to a lack of the line archive, the research is based on church books of the parish in Janowiec, which brought about many interesting observations. On the basis of the material analysed it was possible to partly reconstruct the functioning of the manor house which, in the light of the church books, should be linked with Prince Franciszek Ferdynand Lubomirski, Antoni’s brother. What else was reconstructed is the composition of the clerks managing the property, the staff of the offices, as well as the band performing in the manor house. Some symptoms of the crisis in functioning of the manor house from the half of the 60’s were revealed
EN
The church o f Christ the Saviour in N ow y Wiśnicz was founded as a votive for the victory at Chocim (1621) and, at the same time, erected as a family mausoleum in the years 1 6 2 2 -1 6 3 9 by Stanisław Lubomirski. Unfortunately, together with the Carmelite monastery it was closed in 1783 by the Austrians and then, as a chapel, made part o f one o f the harshest prisons in Galicia and independent Poland. In 1 9 4 1 -1 9 4 4 , during the German occupation, the building was pulled down, leaving only the outer walls up to a height o f 8 -1 0 meters, the treasury, the sacristy, the chapel standing over it, and the crypts, together with the subterranean Holy Cross sepulchral chapel. After the war, the crypts were filled with earth and the few extant fragments o f the outfitting scattered. The church was not been included into the group o f Polish cross-copula churches-mausolea due to the absence o f a co pula and the fact that the ruins remained within the prison. The copula had not been built as a result o f monastic rules and, predominantly, because the monastery was surrounded by bastion fortifications within which it could have become a threat for the defenders. The mausoleum with a subterranean family crypt was situated at the crossing o f the naves. Here, in the underground part o f the chapel, similarly to family mausolea in the collegiate church in Żołkiew, the Bernardine churches in Rzeszow and Sierakow and the parish church in Kodeń, funeral rites were performed for the souls o f the departed members o f the family. The erection o f a mausoleum next to a church belonging to a contemplative order was to guarantee special religious care for the deceased, as in the case o f the most magnificent European mausoleum o f the Spanish Habsburgs in the Escorial or the mausolea in Rzeszow and Sierakow.
EN
According to acts by the founder of Ossolineum Józef Maksymilian Ossoliński the tasks of the literary (i.e. scientific) curatorship included managing and supervising the activities of the institution most of all in the scope of administrative-proprietary and personal matters. The position of the literary curators was taken by fee-tail heirs of the Lubomirski family form Przeworsk in years 1827–1944 (Henryk in years 1827–1859, Jerzy – 1847–1851 and 1869–1872 and Andrzej – 1882–1944) or legal guardians of the Przeworsk fee tail (Kazimierz Krasicki in years 1872–1882) except for the years 1851–1869 when the Austrian authorities trusted this position to Maurycy Dzieduszycki for political reasons. The main merit of the literary curatorship was to maintain the character of this institution as it was specified by Ossoliński as a Polish national establishment in the period of the anti-Polish policy realized by the Austrian administration in Galicia in the 1830s. Literary curators also took merit for gaining additional sources of funds for Ossolineum (among others, through obtaining the right to print school textbooks in 1876). In years 1847–1913 literary curators and vicecurators appointed by them took the responsibility of direct management of this institution. Although it caused competence conflicts with consecutive directors of Ossolineum, namely August Bielowski and Wojciech Kętrzyński, but at the same time it allowed them to focus on scientific works and elaborating library resources. Henryk Lubomirski and his son Jerzy also took merit in multiplying museum collections donating their vast collection of paintings, graphics and numismatics being the basis to launch their Museum in Ossolineum in 1869. A negative aspect of the literary curatorship of Andrzej Lubomirski was treating the Ossolineum building as a kind of private seat with harm to the literary and museum needs of the institution and making at times too arbitrary and thoughtless decisions in its matters.
EN
At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, a trend emerged of establishing family unions in former Polish lands. Their aim was to tighten family ties, promote upbringing in the Catholic faith and ensure mutual support of family members in difficult situations. The Lubomirski family formed the Family Association of the Princes Lubomirski, which aimed to raise the prestige of the family in the eyes of society. Over the course of several decades, the Association purchased and saved from ruin the castle in Nowy Wiśnicz and the Chapel of St Rose of Lima in Kraków. The Association was established at the initiative of the older generation of family members. Before the First World War, its leadership was taken over by the younger generation of the Lubomirski princes. Some members of the Family Association disregarded the duties resulting from their membership in the Association, but despite that, the Lubomirski family managed to achieve a lot of success in the field of historic monuments conservation and collecting archival documents concerning the history of the family, which was a part of Polish history.
PL
Na przełomie XIX i XX w. na ziemiach polskich istniała tendencja zakładania związków rodowych. Ich celem było zacieśnianie więzów rodzinnych, wychowanie w wierze katolickiej oraz wzajemne wspieranie się członków rodu w trudnych sytuacjach. Lubomirscy stworzyli Związek Rodowy Książąt Lubomirskich, który miał na celu podniesienie prestiżu rodu w oczach społeczeństwa. W ciągu kilkudziesięciu lat zakupił i uratował od ruiny zamek w Nowym Wiśniczu oraz kaplicę św. Róży z Limy w Krakowie. Związek został założony z inicjatywy starszej generacji członków rodu. Przed I wojną światową jego prowadzeniem zajęło się młode pokolenie książąt Lubomirskich. Niektórzy członkowie Zjednoczenia Rodowego lekceważyli obowiązki wynikające z członkostwa w związku, ale mimo to Lubomirskim udało się odnieść wiele sukcesów w dziedzinie konserwacji zabytków oraz gromadzenia dokumentów archiwalnych dotyczących dziejów rodu, będącej częścią historii Polski.
EN
Thanks to their political and social position and financial resources, Crown Marshals were able to undertake extensive architectural investments. They were also aware of the importance of visual and ceremonial setting. The profiles of individual magnates (who performed this honourable function), as well as specific individual buildings, have been discussed in detail. The patronage of Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski – which manifested itself in the creation of the famous Łazienka (bath house) at Ujazdów – or the activity of Franciszek Bieliński, who ordered the design of the boudoir from J.A. Meissonier, can be mentioned here. However, no attempt has been made to indicate the features common to the marshals’ foundation mechanisms, or to answer the questions as to whether – and, if so, how - the marshal’s office determined the intensification or change of its foundation policy. The main goal of this article is an attempt at a synthetic and cross-sectional view of the activity of Crown Marshals in the space of the Royal City of Warsaw. Three important ways of marking their presence in urban space can be distinguished: establishing and taking over juridical estates (e.g. Bielino), founding monuments (e.g. the statue of St. John of Nepomuk at Three Crosses Square), and erecting or transforming residences and gardens. Interesting conclusions are also provided by an analysis of the location of Marshal’s palaces, most of which were situated near royal residences (the Castle, Saxon Palace), and at the same time near main transport arteries (e.g. on the road from Wola or on Nowy Świat Street). The choice of location was certainly not accidental – especially with regard to palaces performing various ceremonial functions. Reflection on the specific nature of the founding activity of the Lubomirski, Bieliński and Mniszech families and the ways in which they annexed urban space allows for a closer look at both the ambitions of the marshal’s families and the spatial development of Warsaw.
PL
Marszałkowie koronni dzięki swojej pozycji polityczno-społecznej i możliwościom finansowym byli w stanie podejmować pełne rozmachu inwestycje architektoniczne. Nie bez znaczenia pozostawała świadomość, jak ważnym elementem kreującym wizerunek jest oprawa wizualna i ceremonialna. Dokładnego omówienia doczekały się sylwetki poszczególnych magnatów (pełniących tę zaszczytną funkcję), a także konkretne, pojedyncze obiekty. Wspomnieć można chociażby mecenat Stanisława Herakliusza Lubomirskiego – którego przejawem było powstanie słynnej Łazienki w Ujazdowie – czy działalność Franciszka Bielińskiego, zamawiającego projekt buduaru u J.A. Meissoniera. Nie podjęto się natomiast wskazania cech wspólnych dla mechanizmów fundacyjnych marszałków, a także udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy – i ewentualnie w jaki sposób – urząd marszałkowski determinował wzmożenie lub zmianę prowadzonej polityki fundacyjnej. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba syntetycznego i przekrojowego spojrzenia na aktywność marszałków koronnych w przestrzeni królewskiego miasta Warszawy. Wyróżnić można trzy istotne sposoby zaznaczania swej obecności w przestrzeni urbanistycznej: zakładanie i przejmowanie jurydyk (np. Bielino), fundowanie pomników (np. figura św. Jana Nepomucena przy Placu Trzech Krzyży); wznoszenie lub przekształcanie pałaców i założeń ogrodowych. Interesujących wniosków dostarcza także analiza rozlokowania siedzib marszałkowskich, które w większości znajdowały się przy rezydencjach królewskich (Zamku, Pałacu Saskim), a zarazem przy głównych arteriach komunikacyjnych (np. przy drodze z Woli, na Nowym Świecie). Wybór lokalizacji z pewnością nie był przypadkowy – zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do pałaców pełniących różnorodne funkcje ceremonialne. Refleksja nad specyfiką aktywności fundatorskiej Lubomirskich, Bielińskich i Mniszchów oraz sposobami anektowania przestrzeni urbanistycznej pozwala na przybliżenie zarówno ambicji rodów marszałkowskich, jak i rozwoju przestrzennego Warszawy.
EN
The castle in Janowiec on the Vistula (county of Puławy, voivodeship of Lublin) was erected as a bastion fortress at the beginning of the sixteenth century. Up to the end of the sixteenth century it was the property of great Polish magnate families : the Firlejs, the Lubomirskis and the Tarłos, whose representatives held the highest state offices in prepartition Commonwealth. Expanded and redesigned in the course of three centuries, from the beginning of the nineteenth century the castle turned into a ruin. Its rapid devastation was the result of dismantling and weak construction material – limestone bedstone. In 1975 the castle was purchased by the Vistula Museum in Kazimierz Dolny, which initiated the permanent securing of the object and opened its own on-the-spot branch entrusted with care for the historical monument. The revalorisation and preservation conducted for twenty five years were accompanied by thorough archaeological, historical and architectural research. Consequently, the museum, mindful of the technical state of the castle, recreated and protected part of the walls, predominantly for the purposes of displaying the original elements of defensive architecture and decorations from the first phase of the construction of the castle. In 1993 the range of the work was extended so as to include partial reconstruction intended to grant the castle assorted functions : museum, tourist, hotel and gastronomical. The general appearance of the castle will continue to be that of a permanent ruin. A complex of wooden manorial buildings transferred from assorted localities in the voivodeship of Lublin has been placed near the castle park. Together with the castle they constitute a functional entity. The author of the article maintains that the accepted range of the reconstruction of the castle, based upon the outcome of meticulous research, is acceptable and suits the criteria formulated in the Charter of Venice. Moreover, he regards a ruin to be a state highly undesirable for an architectural monument, and is in favour of reconstruction conducted to a degree permitted by the results of scientific investigations. J. Żurawski justifies his opinions by referring to universally applied practice which veers from official doctrine.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.