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1

STEFAN SWIEZAWSKI AND LADY PHILOSOPHY. ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH

100%
Dabrowski A.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2007
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vol. 35
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issue 3
EN
Stefan Swiezawski was above all a historian of philosophy, a medievalist and a philosopher interested primarily in metaphysics, but also in methodology. In his 'History of European Philosophy of the 15th century' he discussed various opposing intellectual tendencies, primarily the two dominating trends of the time: scholasticism (theocentrism) and humanism (anthropocentrism). He described the beginning of the process that would lead to the collapse of metaphysical realism. It must be emphasised, however, that he was interested not only in the currents of 15th-century thought, but also in the culture of the entire epoch in all its variety and richness. Swiezawski also tried to contribute to a better and fuller description of historiography, in particular the historiography of philosophy. He emphasised taking into account all possible historical conditions that influenced a particular author. He underlined the importance of careful analysis of texts with particular reference to the philosophical problems discussed. As a philosopher, he was interested in realistic metaphysics, which, in his opinion, was best suited to human needs for truth, the understanding of origins, completeness, ultimate ends and meaning (in an existential, rather than linguistic, sense). He criticised Thomism in its various forms, while also attempting to rehabilitate what he saw as the true thought and significance of Thomas Aquinas.
2

Music in Boethius and in Medieval Philosophy

100%
Konik M.
Archiwum Historii Filozofii i Mysli Spolecznej (Archives of the History of Philosophy and of Social Thought)
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2006
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vol. 50-51
51-74
EN
The most important medieval treaty concerning the theory of music is 'De institutione Musica' by Boethius. In this work, he presented an idea of 'musica mundana', which had been a predominant metaphysical conception of music until 14th century, when it was criticized by Johannes de Grocheo. Nevertheless, some aspects of Boethian doctrine were repeated even in 16th century by some theorists (Gaffurius, Jerzy Liban).
3

TEÓRIA OBRAZU V SÚVISLOSTIACH NÁUKY O ANALÓGII A UNIVOCITE V DIELE MAJSTRA ECKHARTA

88%
Šajda P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2008
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vol. 63
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issue 7
573-581
EN
Meister Eckhart's theory of image is closely related to his doctrine of analogy and univocity. It is this linkage, which is highlighted in the article. The article brings several examples of analogical relationality and univocal correlationality which could be found in Eckhart himself and whose importance was recently emphasized in particular by Burkhard Mojsisch. In this context special attention is paid to the correlation between archetype and image which is a paradigm that Eckhart uses repeatedly when describing the basal dynamics of a univocal correlation.
4
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ARISTOTELES NA HORE SAINT-MICHEL (VO SVETLE ROVNOMENNEJ PUBLIKÁCIE S. GOUGUENHEIMA)

88%
Sivák J.
Konštantínove listy
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2017
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vol. 10
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issue 1
140 - 149
EN
This paper wants to bring to Slovakia the probably unknown controversy about the roots of Christian Europe, which was provoked by the publication (published eight years ago) of the work of the French medievalist and former professor at Sorbonne – and which continues unabated. Did Islam bring Aristotle to Europe, or did the Christian West have its own translators, especially at Mount Saint-Michel near the Atlantic coast of France? S. Gouguenheim´s answer to the first part of the question is negative. Followed by further positive opinions by historians, such as F. Braudel, and philosophers such as Roger-Pol Droit, R. Brague and others, this view is gaining more supporters. To the detriment of the formerly prevailing official opinion, current research also suggests the fact that Averroes himself had no influence within Islam, the Hellenization of which was very limited.
5

VIKLEFOVY TEZE A JEJICH REVOLUČNÍ POTENCIÁL

88%
Šenovský J.
ARS
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2018
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vol. 51
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issue 1-2
51 – 62
EN
This article focuses on John Wycliffe´s thought and aims at uncovering an inherent revolutionary potential of his philosophy. First, Wycliffe´s metaphysical realism that gave rise to a specific notion of truth based on the divine authority is examined. This notion is then developed into a belief that the Scripture is the absolute authority in the matters of truth. Therefore, Wycliffe considers the Biblical description of the First Church to be a measure for all other ages. However, the Church in Wycliffe´s time was far away from this ideal – thus he concludes that the present day Church needs to be reformed. Since even the Pope, the very head of the Church is corrupt, the reform must come from outside of the Church, namely from the King.
6

THE UNKNOWN 12TH CENTURY: THE WORK OF ACHARD OF SAINT-VICTOR 'DE UNITATE ET PLURALITATE CREATURAM' (Nevidome XII storichchia: Tvir Achara Sen-Victors'koho 'Pro jednist' ta mnozhynnist' tvorinnia')

75%
Lystopad I.
Філософська Думка
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2010
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issue 3
67-95
EN
The first Ukrainian translation of the work of Achard of Saint-Victor 'De unitate et pluralitate creaturam' is proposed. Translator also adds commentary consisting of two parts. In the first part, author describes circumstances of the life of Achard of Saint-Victor, his place among others XIIth century authors and mains points of his philosophical teaching. The doctrinal content and history of the 'De unitate et pluralitate creaturam' are also exposed. In the second part, questions appeared in the process of translation of the Achard's work to Ukrainian are regarded, notably the problem of translation of philosophical terms in the context of present philosophical tradition.
7
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CHRISTIAN ASCETICS OF LATE ANTIQUITY AS A PHILOSOPHY AND ITS ECHO IN THE CULTURE OF OLD RUS’ (11TH – 13TH CENTURIES)

75%
Kroczak J.
Konštantínove listy
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2021
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vol. 14
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issue 1
39 - 47
EN
The article attempts to show, first, that within the context of Patristic heritage the Christian asceticism of Late Antiquity can be seen as a Christian philosophy (different from one of the classical Greek) and, second, that this philosophy has found a ground in the Old Rus’. The evidence is gathered from relevant fragments of works by the Fathers of the Eastern Church, mainly by Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom. The choice of these Fathers is motivated by two facts: their works had been better known than other sources in the Old Church Slavonic translations; their writings attest to the concept of ascetics as a philosophy of a kind distinct from its Classical ancient form. The Patristic ideal of a philosopher is compared with the life and works of Theodosius of the Caves, the quintessential Saint of the Old Rus’ and Eastern Slavonic ideal of a virtuous person. Consulting the primary sources in Old Church Slavonic, the author suggests that Theodosius of the Caves does in fact confirm to the definition of a philosopher as offered by Gregory the Theologian.
8
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Svědomí jakožto kritérium správného jednání

75%
Štěpinová M.
Studia theologica
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2006
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vol. 8
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issue 4
55-65
EN
St. Thomas Aquinas' definition of the conscience is well known. Nevertheless, from one point of view it is surprising. According to him, it is the same human reason which (designated as practical reason) can consider one and the same thing as being good and (designated as conscience) bad at the same time. To understand his conception of the conscience, it is necessary to look into the historical background. St. Thomas developed his conception of conscience explicitly in relationship with the Augustinian tradition of higher and lower reason, with Aristotle's explication of an incontinent man and with the contemporary discussion on synderesis; and he connected it implicitly with the problem of 'two wills' from the Augustinian tradition and with the question of man's possibilities to act rightly. The article aims to explain the content of Aquinas' conception of the conscience on the basis of its historical background.
9
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Od „anima in corpore“ k „anima forma corporis“

63%
Machula T.
Studia theologica
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2004
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vol. 6
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issue 4
44-52
EN
The article deals with the concept of a human being with respect to its composition from soul and body. The discussion of this topic was very important and fruitful in the 13th century. It was stimulated by Aristotle's writings appearing at that time in Christian Europe. The article focuses on the most important 13th century authors who contributed to that discussion: Albert the Great, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, and Latin averroists. During this discussion of soul and body, there was a shift from a platonic philosophical framework to an Aristotelian one. It also resulted in the Church doctrine of human soul.
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