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1

Zdrowie psychiczne dzieci i młodzieży. Podatnośc czynnika ryzyka, odporność

100%
Sikorska I.
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
|
2010
|
issue 1(2)
99-108
EN
The paper concerns on the child’s and adolescent’s needs to empower his/her inner resources which build one’s stress protection. The review of four psychological conceptions shows importance of individual abilities in problem solving situations. The role of temporal psychic destabilization in the human life is analyzed in the approaches of E. Erikson, K. Dąbrowski, A. Antonovsky, N. Garmezy, E. Werner and G. Richardson. The author describes shortly such concepts as stress vulnerability and resilience, risk factors and protection factors in the field of mental health. The question of mental health is especially important in the contemporary life, that is a great challenge for children’s and youth’s coping abilities in face of stress. Many mental health promotion programs base on empowering of life skills and learning of new, effective stress coping strategies. The positive prophylactics underlines promotion of inner resources development instead of dangerous activities inhibition only. The basic presumption of this positive way of thinking assumes, that early achieved problem and conflict solving abilities build a good preparation to stress coping in the adolescence and adult life.
2

DOES MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTING SCHOOL PROGRAM (IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN SCHOOLS) IMPROVE SELF-CONCEPT?

100%
Kobal-Grum D.
Studia Psychologica
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2006
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vol. 48
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issue 2
125-140
EN
Research studies show that a positive and stable self-concept is one of significant indicators of mental health. The aim of the present study is to determine the outcomes of psychological goal settings of a particular mental health enhancement program. We were interested in the influence of the program on students' self-concept and self-esteem, as well as on their dispositions towards school. The program consists of 18 hours of workshops, based mainly on definitions and discussions about mental health and self-concept, as well as about different stress-coping skills. An experimental and a control group were formed. Self-description questionnaires, self-esteem scales, as well as schoolwork questionnaires were administered to the students three times: before and after the program and six months after completion of the program. The data were analyzed with a general linear model for each repeated measure. The results show some statistically significant differences between the two groups, as well as within the experimental group but in general, the evaluated program did not influence structural changes in self-concept and related personality constructs.
3

SOCIAL - ECONOMIC IMAPACTS OF LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYEMENT OF SLOVAKIA

100%
Burdová A.
Sociálno-zdravotnícke spektrum
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2016
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vol. 4
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issue 1
-
EN
The unemployment has become phenomenon that influences development after the year 1989 in Slovakia, when the period of main changes in all spheres of country politics and life started. In previous social structure labour market had been deformed by centrally planned economy. Each citizen had the right to work, but also to be employed was a duty. After establishment of first steps towards free market economy, unemployment started to be an important problem. Another aim of the thesis is to enclose difficult situations in families, which come from instability of economy. In the research we would like to point out adverse situation of families as a result of low earnings and high unemployment. Research work and studies show that the development of mass unemployment not only causes serious economic problems for the countries and individuals, but people affected by unemployment have also social, psychological and psychiatric problems. Moreover, physical health of unemployed people may be impaired and the increasing unemployment increases the risk of some of the adverse socio-pathological phenomena, such as alcohol and drug abuse, crime, divorce, domestic violence. The unemployment represents for each individual person different life experience and absence of labour brings for each unemployed various individual consequences, that could be divided to: economical (financial, decline in standard of living), mental (loss of self-confidence, self-respect), medical (somatic and psychical problems) and social (loss of social status, problems in family).The unemployment is accompanying effect of each free market economy. On searching for reasons of unemployment and solution possibilities focuses government economy politics in many countries around the world. In Slovakia, likewise, each government declared finding possibilities to solve problem of unemployment as one of its principal aims. Institute for unemployment supports personal participation of people in economy development as defined in Strategic plans for Europe 2020. In conditions as are in Slovakia, this goal could be reach by inclusive employment.
4

YOUTH AGING OUT OF FOSTER CARE IN POLAND: PRELIMINARY EVALUATION RESULTS FROM A PILOT PREVENTION PROGRAM

100%
Gocman M., Szarzyńska M., Toro P. A.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
|
2012
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
89-106
EN
The aim of this study was to provide results of a preliminary evaluation of the BRIGE (Bridging Resilience through Intervention, Guidance, and Empowerment) prevention program. The program was designed for youths aging out of the foster care system in Poland and starting independent life. Prior research by our research team documented that these youth are at high risk for homelessness, mental health problems, and other poor outcomes in the years after exiting foster care. Research participants were the first 5 youths who entered the BRIGE program (in fall 2009). All were preparing to leave orphanages in Poland. Each youth was appointed a case manager who worked with the youth over a period of at least 18 months. Each youth was evaluated at 4 times of measurement: program entry (Baseline), 6 months (follow-up 1), 12 months (follow-up 2), and 18 months (follow-up 3). The results showed that, in terms of mental health outcomes on the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), there were reductions in most symptom areas.
5

ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO MENTAL HEALTH: EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF PREFERENCE FOR CAM TREATMENTS

88%
Budžak A., Branković M.
Studia Psychologica
|
2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
118 - 135
EN
Research suggests a trend toward an increased interest in CAM, complementary and alternative therapies for treating mental health problems, which is paralleled by a relatively favourable attitude of mental health professionals. This study explored psychological predictors of attitude toward CAM therapies: frustration tolerance (measured by the 28-item Frustration Discomfort Scale), self-esteem (measured by the 16-item Revised Version of the Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale), cognitive styles (measured by REI Scale-short version) and irrational health beliefs (measured by CAM Health Belief Questionnaire – CHBQ). Participants (N = 294) reacted to vignettes describing Bach flower remedies and neuro-linguistic programming to indicate their attitude toward CAM. CAM health beliefs (e.g., belief that health is a balance of life forces) and self-esteem positively predicted attitude toward CAM. The rational style of thinking was a negative predictor. As suggested by mediation analysis, the intuitive thinking style affected the attitude toward CAM via an increase in CAM beliefs. We discuss the implications of our findings for encouraging rational decision-making when seeking help with mental health problems.
6

THE EFFECT OF NEW OCCUPATION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF RETIRED PERSONS

88%
Yarmohammadian A., Yazdkhasti F.
Studia Psychologica
|
2010
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
69-76
EN
The purpose of this paper was to explore inter-group differences in mental and physical health between retired persons who have returned to work and those who are unemployed. Selected demographic attributes (sex, age, years of education, etc.) were also examined for their relationship to mental health. The subjects were a convenience sample of 150 people aged 48 to 72 who were recruited from a retirement centre in Isfahan city (75 newly-employed retired persons, and a control group of 75 unemployed retired persons). The general health questionnaire (GHQ) was applied to measure the status of mental health. The results showed that unemployed retired persons had significantly lower scores than those who had new employment in mental health and, especially, in physical function.
7

A MONITORING OF SPACE WEATHER EFFECTS ON SOME PARAMETERS OF MENTAL PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH IN AVIATION PERSONNEL

88%
Dzvonik O., Stetiarova J., Kudela K., Daxner P.
Studia Psychologica
|
2006
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vol. 48
|
issue 4
273-292
EN
Our research deals with longitudinal empirical monitoring of the possible effects of a space weather on the psycho-physiological, physiological and biochemical parameters measured in aviation personnel. Comparing heart rate (HR) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between the seasons of the high and low solar activities (SolFlux), we found differences of the statistical significance. The differences of the statistical significance were also found between the MAST (Anxiety State and Tension Scale) parameters and R (number of sun spots) and SolFlux (radio solar flux), respectively. TDS (test of ability to differentiate cues) as well as the PAMATB (memory performance test) have the significantly higher values for high speed of hot and sparse plasma of the solar wind. TDS correlates with the geomagnetic activity level and with R. K-test (visual coordination test) shows better results when geomagnetic activity and energetic proton flux are higher (PrFl>1). We are aware that the correlation found between some parameters of a space weather, health and mental state cannot be considered as causal because the primary cause of the mechanism is not clearly understood. Nevertheless, we suppose that our findings could be motivating and encouraging for further research in the space concerning weather effects on other e.g., the human physiological or biochemical processes and this could be helpful in explaining the causes of these correlations.
8

PERCEIVED STRESS, COVID-19 STRESSORS, LONELINESS, AND RESILIENCE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AFTER THE STRICTEST LOCKDOWN

88%
Jozefiaková B., Kaščáková N., Hašto J., Tavel P.
Studia Psychologica
|
2024
|
vol. 66
|
issue 1
66 – 76
EN
The study explored the impact of perceived stress, stressors related to COVID-19, loneliness, and resilience on the mental health of university students after the strictest lockdown. A total sample of 2107 university students (age 18-62 years, mean age = 22.73, SD = 3.77; 63.2% of women) was recruited. Brief Resilience Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, and adapted version of the COVIDiStress survey were used. The data were analysed using hierarchical OLS regression models. The most significant predictors of mental health indicators were perceived stress, loneliness, and resilience. However, the sum score of COVID-related stressors did not significantly increase explained variance. Specific COVID-related stressors, such as pandemic-induced loneliness, worsened relationships, and worries about infection, had notable effects on depression, anxiety, and Global Severity Index of psychopathology. The study contributes to a better understanding of the actual topic related to the COVID-19 pandemic on university students and outlines practical implications for policy making.
9

REDUCING SOCIAL MEDIA AND SMARTPHONE USE AMONG CZECH FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE CHAMBER REST INTERVENTION

88%
Malůš M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2023
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1
-
EN
This study aims to explore the potential positive impact of combined chamber REST interventions on reducing smartphone and social media overuse and the associated mental health outcomes among female university students in the Czech Republic. In early 2021, 988 female university students aged between 19 and 56 years old completed a battery of questionnaires. For the quasi-experimental part, a subsample of 98 participants aged between 19 and 53 was selected. The data collection involved a software application to objectively measure the time spent on smartphones and social media and the administration of five self-report scales. The study suggests that the used combined interventions can significantly reduce the time spent on smartphones and social media. This can have a positive effect on aspects of mental health such as problematic use of smartphones, fear of missing out, trait anxiety and to some extent, satisfaction with life. The study also suggests that the intervention effectiveness had a greater impact in the chamber environment.
10

FEAR OF COVID-19 RAISES THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS THROUGH THE MEDIATING ROLE OF INTOLERANCE OF UNCERTAINTY

75%
Kardaş F.
Studia Psychologica
|
2021
|
vol. 63
|
issue 3
291 – 306
EN
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in various psycho-social effects, including adverse effects on mental health in the general population. Many studies across different countries showed a significant increase in symptoms of fear, depression, anxiety and stress compared to the situation before the COVID-19 outbreak. Thus, it has gained more importance to examine the relationship between fear of the disease and mental health problems. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and stress. In this study, the sample consisted of 679 individuals. Among 679 respondents, 467 respondents were women (68.8%) and 212 respondents were men (31.2%). Data were collected through an online survey using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Correlation analysis and structural equation modelling were used for data analysis. A significant positive relationship was observed between fear of COVID-19 and intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. All variables were found as differing significantly concerning gender, and the levels of fear were significantly higher in women than in men. Intolerance of uncertainty was found to fully mediate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and depression, anxiety and stress. The findings obtained from this study were discussed in the light of literature findings and various suggestions were presented to researchers, mental health practitioners and policy makers.
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