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EN
Health behaviors have a profound effect on health. Besides welldocumented relations between health behaviors, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, there is a growing body of evidence that certain health behaviors are related to neurogenesis. Health behavior change may be defined as a process, consisting of the intention formation, an initiation and maintenance of a health behavior, and finally relapses. Social-cognitive variables, such as action plans and self-efficacy are among key facilitators of the initiation, maintenance and recovery from relapses. The role of these variables may be phase-specific: some variables (i.e., action planning) may play a profound role only in certain phases (i.e., the initiation and maintenance), remaining irrelevant in other phases. Different types of self-efficacy promote initiation, maintenance, and recovery form lapses. The paper discusses studies showing effects of action planning and phase-specific self-efficacy on health behavior change among young healthy adults, patients after myocardial infarction and people with overweight or obesity.
EN
The reaction of brain to this situation is immediate and spontaneous initiation of a whole cascade of adaptive changes acting in different periods, having an adaptation of brain to new and difficult functional conditions in view, and making the essence of compensatory mechanisms. These mechanisms are possible due to the fundamental feature of nervous system which is the brain plasticity. Behavioural consequences of brain damage in the shape of different cognitive, perceptive or personal disorders are the result of acting neural adaptive processes. Therefore, knowing about course, organisation, sources and range of acting the spontaneous neurocompensation become important in the situation of professional treatment of people who are afflicted by brain damage.
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