Search results

1

Mycolic Acids as Markers of Osseous Tuberculosis in the Neolithic Skeleton from Kujawy Region (Central Poland)

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Borowska-Strugiń B., Druszczyńska M., Lorkiewicz W., Szewczyk R., Ządzińska E.

Anthropological Review

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2014

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vol. 77

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issue 2

137-149

EN

The subject of analysis is the male skeleton from a double burial of the Globular Amphora Culture, derived from the Neolithic site at Brześć Kujawski in Kujawy region (central Poland). Within the spine of the individual advanced lesions are observed (destruction of the vertebral bodies, symptoms of the periostitis in the thoracic region) which are characteristic of skeletal tuberculosis. To check whether the observed morphological changes resulted from infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the bone material was tested positively for the presence of mycolic acids, the specific components of the cell wall of pathogenic M.tb bacilli, by mass spectrometry.

2

Ceramika z ornamentem pasmowo-grzebykowym z osady kultury pucharów lejkowatych w Poganicach, pow. słupski, stan. 4. Przyczynek do studiów nad kierunkami kontaktów interregionalnych ludności grupy łupawskiej

100%

Wierzbicki J.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 20

531-544

PL

During the excavations within the settlement of the Funnel Beaker culture in Poganice, Słupsk county, carried out in the 1970s, two fragments of vessels decorated with band and comb ornament were discovered. This discovery appears to be one of the north-westernmost appearances of such a type of pottery, very common in Chełmno land, and considered to be one of the indicators of the Mątwy group of the Funnel Beaker culture. Their presence at the site of the Łupawa group of the Funnel Beaker culture permits to follow the ways the pottery got into the Łupawa River basin. It might have been via the route along the left side edge of the lower Vistula valley, and further on along the courses of the Wierzyca and Słupia Rivers into Central Pomerania.

3

Początki kultury pucharów lejkowatych na Niżu Polskim

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Kukawka S.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 20

277-300

PL

In the article, the author discusses and accepts the need to rejuvenate the chronology of the beginnings of the Funnel Beaker culture in the Polish Plain which should be then dated to about 4200/4100 years BC. While accepting such an approach, the author presents also some of its consequences – e.g. multi-stylistic of pottery and variability of environments inhabited by the earliest Funnel Beaker communities. The article also presents some suggestions concerning the participation of huntergatherers and early agrarian groups in the shaping of this culture in the Polish lowlands. It also raises some questions, which, under the new chronological circumstances, await further archaeometric data and proper discussion.

4

O krzemieniarstwie neolitycznym i neolityzacji ziem polskich – wokół teorii, metod i języka

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Małecka-Kukawka J.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 20

301-316

PL

The article is a reflection on the research on the neolithic flint working ongoing in Polish archaeology for over 40 years. Accepting year 1971 as a turning point for the development of a new specialisation, an attempt has been made in the article to assess the impact of the assumptions of the New Archaeology, but also other paradigms, on the study of neolithic flint artefacts. The evaluation was based on the conclusions resulting from, among others, a textual analysis, for the purpose of this article understood as a kind of source of knowledge about more or less consciously accepted theoretical assumptions in studies on flint working, published by various authors, in methods of classifying data in particular, and their position in the process of describing/explaining/interpreting past reality.

5

Topory kamienne i siekiera krzemienna z okolic Giecza (pow. średzki wielkopolski, woj. wielkopolskie) w kontekście osadnictwa neolitycznego

100%

Indycka E.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 20

195-204

PL

The aim of the article is to discuss two previously unpublished Neolithic stone axes and a flint one, found in the vicinity of the Archaeological Reserve in Giecz. The artefacts have been discussed in the context of the Neolithic settlement from the area of their discovery.

6

Materials of Linear Band Pottery Culture from site 17 in Małe Radowiska, Wąbrzeźno comm., Kujawsko-pomorskie voivodeship

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Osipowicz G., Balonis-Chyb A., Pomianowska H., Wałaszewska H.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2012

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vol. 64

215-267

EN

Archaeological site at Małe Radowska is located in the area of Chełmno Land (Ziemia Chełmińska) within the south part of the so-called Wąbrzeskie Hills (Pagórki Wąbrzeskie). During archaeological activity in the years 2005–2006 numerous artifacts related to the settlement dated to the late phase of the Linear Band Pottery Culture were excavated. The paper presents the results of analysis of identified sources, including research on the nature of stationary objects discovered, technology, morphology and style of pottery, as well as types of flint tools and their function. Also, presented are the results of petrographic and stylistic analysis of stone monuments found and spectrum of species represented there by skeletal remains.

7

Materiały neolityczne i z epoki brązu z Bieszczadów Wysokich. Odkrycia z 2016 roku

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Pelisiak A.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2017

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vol. 38

237-248

XX

The surface surveys carried out in 2016 in the High Bieszczady Mts. were focused of the massifs of Połonina Caryńska, Połonina Wetlińska, Wielka and Mała Rawka, Wielki and Mały Dział and on the region Wetlina-Moczarne. Field works resulted in discovery of 29 new archaeological sites. Except one of them all the sites come from Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. They are located in various landscapes, first of all on the high altitude Sub-Alpine zones (1000–1300 m a.s.l.). The discovered sites confirms mountain transhumance practiced in the High Bieszczady Mts. during the Neolithic and Bronze Age.

8

Early neolithic material from małe Radowiska site 27, wąbrzeźno comm., Kujawy-pomerania

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Osipowicz G., Siewiaryn M., Wałaszewska M., Kalinowska M.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2013

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vol. 65

263–291

EN

Site 27 at Małe Radowiska is located in Chełmno Land in the southern part of the Wąbrzeskie Hills. Archaeological excavations in 2007 revealed abundant material related to settlements of the Linear Pottery culture and the early phase of Late Linear Pottery culture. This paper presents the results of research on this material, including analysis of excavated features, technology, morphology and styles of ceramics and flint tools, the functions of flint products, as well as petrographic and stylistic analysis of stone remains

9

Second season of prehistoric investigations in the Qumayrah Valley, Oman

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Białowarczuk M., Szymczak A.

Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

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2018

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vol. 27(1)

445-463

EN

In the second field season of the Omani–Polish Qumayrah Archaeological Project, the prehistoric leg of the team conducted investigations of previously discovered lithic sites in the vicinity of Al-Ayn village. This paper summarizes the results of archaeological testing at three open campsites codenamed Qumayrah-Ayn (QA) 2, QA 6 and QA 12. The investigations provided new evidence of intensive Stone Age settlement of the Qumayrah Valley (also known as Wadi Fajj). The data, comprising lithic tools and some shell and stone beads, indicate that the occupation of these sites should be dated to various stages of the Neolithic period.

10

Being at Home in the Early Chalcolithic. The Longhouse Phenomenon in the Brześć Kujawski Culture in the Polish Lowlands

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Czerniak L., Pyzel J.

Open Archaeology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

The Brześć Kujawski culture emerged in the Polish Lowlands in the second half of the 5th millennium BC. It shares many characteristic features with Chalcolithic cultures of the Carpathian Basin indicating that BKK communities belonged to the wider ‘late Lengyel interaction sphere’. However, there are very striking regional distinctions in the material culture of these communities, which appear to reflect a conscious attempt to emphasize local identity, incorporating both innovation and conservatism. This article focuses on one of the most distinctive features of this culture – trapezoidal longhouses, presented here in the context of astonishingly various and hierarchical settlement system of the BKK. In this respect the iconic character of houses expressed by the uniformity of their form and size, seems to be a deliberate decision that stressed local identity in reference to the LBK heritage as well as other contemporary communities inhabiting the Polish Lowlands in the 5th millennium BC.

11

Doc. dr hab. Hanna Więckowska

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Schild R.

Archeologia Polski

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2011

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vol. 56

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issue 1-2

7-10

EN

Hanna completed archaeological studies at the University of Warsaw, defending an MA thesis on the Tardennoisian industry in Masovia and Podlaquia. Concurrently with her studies, she worked in several archaeological institutions. The Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences remained her place of work until her retirement in 1991. In 1965 she defended with the highest honors her doctoral thesis: Cultural differentiation in the Polish Mesolithic. In 1974 she received her habilitation degree, granted for lifetime scientific achievement, and a study entitled The hunting and fishing communities of the Early Holocene. She had the necessary skills to conduct her own fieldwork on a grand scale during the salvage excavation campaign in the Dębe Reservoir area on the Bug river, which she directed in 1958–1963. This campaign gave a breakthrough understanding of the Polish Mesolithic and its cultural base. A fundamental study (A cultural division of the Mesolithic in Masovia), written together with Maria Marczak, was published in 1967. In 1975 she published an extensive synthesis of the Mesolithic (Hunting and fishing communities of the Early Holocene) in the first volume of the monumental Prehistory of the Polish Lands. She carried also investigations in eastern and northern Poland. In 1967 the African chapter in her scholarly career began, associated entirely with the Combined Prehistoric Expedition Sudan, Etiopia nad Egypt. All in all, 35 research seasons on two continents. Modern archaeology of the Polish Mesolithic cannot be imagined without Hanna’s fieldwork which produced the most important chipped flint assemblages essential to the construction of a cultural taxonomy framework for the Mesolithic and scholarly writings.

12

Wyniki badań archeologicznych na cmentarzysku z późnego neolitu w Sadowiu koło Opatowa

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Pasterkiewicz W.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2017

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vol. 38

281-289

EN

This article aims at presenting the results of two research seasons carried out at site 23 in Sadowie, Opatów district. The remains of the cemetery were discovered in this place accidentally by one of the inhabitants during agricultural work. The area of 2.5 ares has been uncovered so far, and 10 graves have been discovered and exploited including, among others, human and animal graves affiliated to the Globular Amphora culture. Moreover, a single niche grave typical for the Złota culture has been also uncovered.

13

„Jaskiniowcy z Youtuba”. Fenomen kanałów prezentujących rozwój technologiczny w „pradziejach”

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Grupa M., Nalaskowski F.

Raport

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2019

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vol. 14

129-135

EN

The text presents the phenomenon of YouTube channels dedicated to recreating the life of primitive man. The prototype was David Malina from Australia, who launched the Primitive Technology channel in 2015. He went to the forest taking nothing but camera and shorts with him. For his viewers, he re-created the “technologies” available to ancient cultures. Imitators have quickly occurred. Currently, there are over 30 channels on YouTube, that are based on David’s original. The text characterizes these channels, critiques by, both, highlighting strengths and indicating the potential for use for purposes other than YouTube entertainment.

14

New perspectives on the dating of prehistoric soil erosion in loess areas

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Poreba G. J., Śnieszko Z., Moska P.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2012

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vol. 64

113-147

EN

This study presents the results of Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of colluvial sediment profiles from Biedrzykowice and Świerklany in the archaeologically well documented loess area of southern Poland, The method, the criteria for site selection and the limitations of the interpretation of the dates obtained are discussed. It is shown that Holocene colluvial sediments containing grains of quartz can be approximately dated using OSL. Despite its many limitations, it remains the only method suitable for direct dating of colluvial sediments. The obtained OSL dates are consistent with the archaeological evidence. The Biedrzykowice profile, located 6 km from the Neolithic settlement at Bronocice, contains two layers of Holocene colluvial sediments.The older layer, OSL dated to 6–5 ka BP, is separated from the younger, medieval layer dated to 1,0–0,5 ka BP by a fossil soil. In Świerklany, where there are no known prehistoric settlements, the accumulation of colluvial sediments only started in the medieval period. The OSL dating confirms earlier assumptions that in natural Holocene ecosystems in loess areas of the moderate climate forest zones, mineral material was not transported by slope wash, or only to a minimal extent. This work is the first direct isotopic dating of colluvial sediments in Poland.

15

Evidence of interpersonal violence or a special funeral rite in the Neolithic multiple burial from Koszyce in southern Poland – a forensic analysis

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Konopka T., Szczepanek A., Przybyła M. M., Włodarczak P.

Anthropological Review

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2016

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vol. 79

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issue 1

69-85

EN

This study uses anthropological and forensic medical analyses to determine the cause of fractures found in the remains of 15 individuals buried at a site associated with the Globular Amphora Culture (2875-2670 BC). The intent was to determine the mechanism underlying the injuries and to indicate the types of tools that might have inflicted the blows. The fractures were diversified in their forms, but the majority of the injuries appear to have been inflicted by a flint axe, which is frequently found in graves of the Globular Amphora Culture. Apart from the forearm being severed in one of the victims, all the remaining skeletons showed from 1 to 4 injuries involving solely the skulls. The grave might contain victims attacked by invaders who executed the captives, or else the feature is ritual in character and it reflects the beliefs of the Neolithic community.

16

Utilisation of cultivated and wild plants in the economy of the Linear Pottery Culture in the Upper Vistula basin

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Lityńska-Zając M., Czekaj-Zastawny A., Rauba-Bukowska A.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2017

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vol. 69

271-295

EN

The current recognition of plant materials obtained from archaeological sites of the Linear Pottery Culture in the Upper Vistula basin made it possible to indicate the species that were cultivated and utilised by the Early Neolithic human communities. The data presented in this paper, referring to the occurrence of macroscopic plant remains of various types, was collected from 23 sites (97 identifi ed taxa). The analyses covered charred remains of plants, their imprints in daub and pottery, and fragments preserved within the mass of clay used for production of ceramic vessels. The results of these studies have delivered a great number of interpretative opportunities; apart from reconstructions of the environment and economic behaviours of fi rst farmers, these opportunities included the versatile application of plants, and clearly indicated that an application of plants and organic materials was highly diversifi ed and constituted the grounds on which human economy of the Early Neolithic was based.

17

Geomagnetic surveys of the Neolithic and the Copper Age sites from the Republic of Moldova (1968-2016): main results, current state and future perspectives

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Ţerna S.

Raport

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2016

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vol. 11

189-225

EN

The article presents an overview of the use of geomagnetic method in the prehistoric studies in the Republic of Moldova. Information on 34 surveys has been compiled in order to reveal both the scientific results of geophysical prospection and the perspectives for future work. As a result, the doubtless importance of geophysics for settlement studies is underlined, providing striking insights into settlement layouts from the early Neolithic to the Copper Age.

18

Non-destructive survey of a prehistoric fortified hill settlement in Marchocice, Little Poland

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Dulęba P., Wroniecki P., Brejcha R.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2015

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vol. 67

245–258

EN

The site 2 in Marchocice in Little Poland has been already known to archaeologists for more than one hundred years. Recent application of different approaches and research tools helped acquire a new, startling picture confirming the unique cognitive potential of this spectacular areal of ancient to activities. The initial impulse to study presented site by field-walking and the successive non-destructive surveys were the promising results of archive aerial and satellite images analysis. This paper presents the results of large-scale spatial approach with the use of magnetic gradiometry as the fastest and the most cost effective geophysical technique capable of detecting a wide variety of anthropogenic transformations. The Marchocice research project can be an example of how in a relatively short time important data which has the potential to be a firm basis or starting point for further, detailed studies may be acquired and mutualy complemented

19

Byki, uczty i kozioł ofiarny. René Girard i jego uczniowie w Çatalhöyük

88%

Marciniak A.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2013

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issue 2(5), Genealogie kultury

169–184

XX

The paper discusses the interpretation of representative art from the Neolithic settlement at Çatalhöyük presented by R. Girard and his disciples. To this end, the author applied the mimetic theory referring to the mechanism of scapegoating. The main subject of analysis are the narrative scenes depicting wild animals and numerous figures of people, shown in murals decorating the walls of domestic buildings during the last period of the settlement’s existence. The paper also offers a critical evaluation of the findings in the light of changes in the social and religious sphere during over a thousand years of the settlement’s existence.

20

From circle to rectangle. Evolution of the architectural plan in the early Neolithic in the Near East

88%

Białowarczuk M.

Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

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2016

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vol. 25

575-593

EN

Transformation of the plan seems to be one of the most fundamental characteristics of architectural evolution during the PPNA stage. It starts with simple round monocellular structures and ends with the invention of modular subrectangular ones, divided into many rooms. However, the evolution of some types of buildings in different regions of the Fertile Crescent was varied in pace. A major question are the main factors causing such regional differences. This paper presents a basic typology of early Neolithic structures and their regional diversification, which could result from individual dynamics of the development of original types stimulated by regionally invented practical and technical solutions. Two variants of the process were distinguished. The first is the evolution from a primitive shelter to open, free-standing durable forms of round houses. The other variant was the development from shelters to large round subterranean houses. Different regions of the Near East adopted one of these two variants. Each featured specific traits and determined further regional development of plan.

Refine search results

Mycolic Acids as Markers of Osseous Tuberculosis in the Neolithic Skeleton from Kujawy Region (Central Poland)

Ceramika z ornamentem pasmowo-grzebykowym z osady kultury pucharów lejkowatych w Poganicach, pow. słupski, stan. 4. Przyczynek do studiów nad kierunkami kontaktów interregionalnych ludności grupy łupawskiej

Początki kultury pucharów lejkowatych na Niżu Polskim

O krzemieniarstwie neolitycznym i neolityzacji ziem polskich – wokół teorii, metod i języka

Topory kamienne i siekiera krzemienna z okolic Giecza (pow. średzki wielkopolski, woj. wielkopolskie) w kontekście osadnictwa neolitycznego

Materials of Linear Band Pottery Culture from site 17 in Małe Radowiska, Wąbrzeźno comm., Kujawsko-pomorskie voivodeship

Materiały neolityczne i z epoki brązu z Bieszczadów Wysokich. Odkrycia z 2016 roku

Early neolithic material from małe Radowiska site 27, wąbrzeźno comm., Kujawy-pomerania

Second season of prehistoric investigations in the Qumayrah Valley, Oman

Being at Home in the Early Chalcolithic. The Longhouse Phenomenon in the Brześć Kujawski Culture in the Polish Lowlands