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1
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Porównywanie nieporównywalnego

100%
EN
The presented book is a contribution to the discussion about modernity and comparatistics in Norwid’s works, going on for about two decades. This publication was created by Polish specialists on Norwid, half of them affiliated with the Jagiellonian University. There is no predominant method in the volume under discussion-the range of subjects covers modernity and the transition between the epochs. What is left of the comparatistics proper is music and opera, visual arts, conceptual reflection, and translation issues.
PL
Omawiana książka wpisuje się w otwartą od ponad dwudziestu lat dyskusję o nowoczesności i komparatystyce u Norwida. Publikację stworzyli norwidolodzy polscy, z czego połowa artykułów wyszła spod pióra naukowców z Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. W omawianym tomie nie ma przeważającej metody – dominuje tematyka nowoczesności i przełomu epok. Z komparatystyki sensu stricto pozostają pogranicza sztuk: muzyki i opery, sztuk plastycznych, refleksji konceptualnej i problematyka przekładowa.
Pamiętnik Literacki
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2015
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vol. 106
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issue 4
5-25
PL
Artykuł prezentuje myślenie Norwida o podmiotowości. Zrekonstruowana zostaje tak konstelacja wypowiedzi poety na ten temat (związanych m.in. z formułą oryginalności i krytyką roszczeń nowoczesnego podmiotu), jak i ujawniająca się w utworach autora "Vade-mecum" poetyka epifanii (w rozumieniu Charlesa Tylora), skomplikowana, odkrywająca pragnienie epifanii tradycyjnej, realizująca się w epifanii romantycznej, zbliżająca się do nowoczesnej. Norwidowskie ujęcie podmiotowości okazuje się paradoksalne. Ograniczeniu mocy podmiotu – przyznanej przez nowoczesność – towarzyszy, w tym ujęciu, położenie nacisku na wysiłek, pracę „ja” odkrywającego głęboki, sakralny wymiar rzeczywistości.
EN
The article presents Norwid’s thought on subjectivity. It reconstructs both the poet’s make-up on the issue in question (connected, inter alia, with a formula of originality and with criticism of modern subject claims) as well as disclosed in Norwid’s poetry poetics of epiphany (in Charles Taylor’s view) – complex, revealing a desire to traditional epiphany, realised in romantic epiphany and moving towards modern one. The poet’s approach to subjectivity proves, however, paradoxical. Limitation of the subject’s power granted by modernity is accompanied in this view an emphasis put on the effort, on the work of “I” disclosing a deeply sacral dimension of reality.
3
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Comparing the incomarable

96%
EN
The presented book is a contribution to the discussion about modernity and comparatistics in Norwid’s works, going on for about two decades. This publication was created by Polish specialists on Norwid, half of them affiliated with the Jagiellonian University. There is no predominant method in the volume under discussion - the range of subjects covers modernity and the transition between the epochs. What is left of the comparatistics proper is music and opera, visual arts, conceptual reflection, and translation issues.
PL
Onticism of the nation in Cyprian Norwid’s thought The article originates from a larger scale study dealing with the Polish nation and identity in Norwid’s writings. The author exposes the poet’s attention to the philosophy of history and underscores the constant presence of threads linking the Polish affairs with the history of the humankind in Norwid’s poetic and journalistic works. This piece argues that Norwid in his reflection on the nation assumes understanding of the essence of the nation’s being in categories of ethos.
EN
The polemical article addresses and questions the findings and determinations given by Zamącińska, who treats Norwid’s poetry as heavily marked emotionally which, according to the literary researcher and scholar, is decisive in assigning the poet to the generation of Romantics. Questioning the arguments given by Zamącińska, the present author points at a considerable decrease in individualism and direct expression in the writings of Norwid in favour of the so-called “quidamization”, i.e. a forming process of underdetermined man and “one of the may”. Concurrently, emotions find their way to the poetical image co-created by the description in which general notions constitute a substantial component. The poetics of conditionality, sensitivity to the changeability of the world and the momentous character of reality, and at the same time sensitivity to light, sphericity and multicolourness of poetical space are decisive in attributing the artistic workshop of Norwid to the aesthetics of the second half of the nineteenth century.
EN
The article attempts to establish the character of references to Norwid in texts by poets representative of Polish modernity, accounting for functions of intertextual allusions, initially in the area of collective consciousness. As it turns out, during the interwar period and the Second World War works by the Romantic master were referenced at all stages of developing a distinct literary identity. Poets would not just read Norwid’s texts, but in fact regard themselves in the mirror of his works. However, after 1956 Norwid’s presence in literary life was rooted in the needs of literary scholars rather than in actual intertextual references. This tendency also manifests in studies of works by individual authors. It does happen – especially when we speak of implicit traces of Norwid in contemporary poetry – that the plane of relations between authors is not addressed by interpreters. Sometimes, dialogue as a research category disappears from their view, while the body of Norwid’s works is treated merely as a context, becoming a kind of mirror meant to display more fully a certain theme or characteristic of somebody’s writing. However, the most important forms of Norwid’s functioning in contemporary times are ones that facilitate meetings(successfulor not), as demonstrated by the fascination with Norwid’s poetry recognizable in texts by authors such as Mieczysław Jastrun, Julian Przyboś and Tadeusz Różewicz.
PL
Artykuł odpowiada na pytanie o to, jaki kształt mają odniesienia do Norwida w tekstach poetów reprezentatywnych dla naszej współczesności. Przedmiotem opisu sąfunkcje takich intertekstualnych nawiązań – najpierw na terenie świadomości zbiorowej. Okazuje się, że w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym i w czasie wojny sięgano do dzieł romantycznego mistrza na wszystkich etapach budowania własnej literackiej tożsamości. Czytano nie tyle teksty Norwida, ile raczej samych siebie w obliczu jego dzieł. Natomiast po 1956 roku obecność Norwida we wspólnotach pisarzy wyrasta raczej z potrzeb historyków literatury niż z rzeczywistych odniesień międzytekstowych. Ta tendencja obecna jest także na terenie badań twórczości pojedynczych autorów. Zdarza się – zwłaszcza wtedy, gdy mówimy o implicytnych śladach obecności Norwida w poezji współczesnej – że płaszczyzna relacji pomiędzy autorami nie jest przez interpretatorów przywoływana. Bywa, że dialog jako kategoria badawcza znika z pola ich obserwacji, a korpus dzieł Norwida jest traktowany jedynie kontekstowo – staje się pewnego rodzaju lustrem, które służy pełniejszej prezentacji jakieś właściwości twórczości wybranego autora lub motywu, który w niej występuje. Najważniejszych formy funkcjonowania autora Quidama w naszej współczesności to te, które osiągają wymiar spotkania (udanego lub nieudanego). Tak dzieje się w przypadku fascynacji poezją Norwida obecnej m.in. w tekstach Mieczysława Jastruna, Juliana Przybosia, czy też Tadeusza Różewicza.
EN
The article concerns the problem of Cyprian Norwid’s understanding of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary and is a polemics with Stefan Sawicki’s speculation and Rev. Antoni Dunajski’s thesis that the understanding was wrong, which thoughts are generally accepted in the literature of the subject.
PL
Dualizm świata przedstawionego wiersza Stolica Cypriana Norwida jest ważnym elementem budowy tego dzieła. Wielu badaczy zwróciło uwagę na ten fakt, jednak pozostał on na marginesie innych rozważań. Dotychczasowe interpretacje koncentrowały się na znaczeniu tytułu, motywie krzyża, na przeciwstawnych kolorach wskazanych w utworze lub nieregularnej strukturze Stolicy. Jednakże wizja kreacji świata przedstawionego, opartego na zasadzie dychotomii, wymaga uporządkowania i poszerzenia. W wymiarze aksjologicznym kontrasty manifestują się poprzez pary wartości: materialność i duchowość, prawda i fałsz, ruch i stabilność, stałość i przemijalność. Na płaszczyźnie tematów konflikty przedstawiają: krzyż i szklane okna, czarno-białe kolory oraz krzyż i balon. Płaszczyzna składniowa także ukazuje podziały za sprawą występowania zdań przeciwstawnych i rozłącznych. Wynika stąd, że kompozycja dualistyczna obecna jest na wielu poziomach utworu i stanowi ważny element wiersza Norwida Stolica.
EN
Dualism of the presented world of Cyprian Norwid’s poem Stolica is an important element of its construction. Many researchers paid attention to this fact, but it was on the margins of their other considerations. The previous interpretations of the poem focused on the meaning of the title, the theme of the cross, on the opposite colors indicated in the poem or the irregular structure of the Stolica. However, the view of the creation of presented world, based on the principle of duality, requires ordering and extension. In the axiological dimension contrasts are manifested through the pairs of values: materiality and spirituality, true and false, motion and stability, constancy and transiency. On the plane of themes, conflicts are presented by: cross and glass windows, black and white colors also cross and a balloon. The syntax plane too shows the divisions by opposing and disjoint sentences. It therefore follows that the dualistic composition is present on many levels and is an important element of Norwid’s poem Stolica.
EN
The article concerns the problem of Cyprian Norwid’s understanding of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary and is a polemics with Stefan Sawicki’s speculation and Rev. Antoni Dunajski’s thesis that the understanding was wrong, which thoughts are generally accepted in the literature of the subject.
PL
On these for which ‘the style formula isn’t there’ [‘formuł stylu nie ma’]. Norwid and the experience of sainthood   The article is an attempt to decipher certain spiritual motifs in Cyprian Norwid’s writings. The attempt is based on Rudolf Otto’s religious studies considerations, and the analysis concerns fragments of the following pieces by the Polish poet: Jasność i ciemność, Czarne kwiaty, Białe kwiaty and the poem Krzyż i dziecko.
EN
The article deals with metaphors and sculptural themes in Norwid’s literary work against the background of 19th-century sculpture theory and practice. The analysed examples include fragments of three poetic works (Ziemia [Earth], Klaskaniem mając obrzękłe prawice… [With right hands swollen from clapping...], Polka) and one novel (“Ad leones!...”). It also outlines the main problem: why both the scholars studying Norwid’s works and poets define his style of writing as a sculptural style.
EN
The article is a proposal to read the writings of Norwid and Baudelaire as works going beyond Romanticism, although they arise from it, as precursors of modernity, affected – as W. Benjamin wrote – by the inhospitable experience of the era of great industry. The comparative analysis focuses on the diagnosis of the present as demonstrated in the texts of both poets, associated with urban phenomena, crowd, flâneurie and alienation. The author exposes the techniques of description of these phenomena by both writers and various reactions to them. She proves that Baudelaire identifies himself with his city, accepts its imperfections, although he also sees in it a threat to the autonomy of an individual, while Norwid keeps a distance allowing for moral evaluation. The article brings out these similarities and differences, showing the writers’ attitude towards urbanization and, generally, to modernization processes as ambivalent, ambiguous and demanding to confront both the city and oneself.
EN
The article presents two drawings: Odpoczynek podczas ucieczki do Egiptu and Starzec z laską i dwie siedzące postaci, which shall be included in the register of Cyprian Norwid’s artistic heritage, discussing their origin and themes, and attempting to place the sketches in the context of Norwid’s early work contained in his sketchbooks and Album berliński.
Colloquia Litteraria
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2012
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vol. 13
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issue 2
89-101
PL
Norwid’s Visual Metaphor (using the example of ‘Chopin’s Grand Piano’)   The article deals with the analysis of the visual metaphor present in Norwid’s writings. The author’s microanalyses point to a certain type of ‘semiotic image’ prevalent in Norwid’s literary output.
Colloquia Litteraria
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2012
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vol. 13
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issue 2
103-117
PL
An Attempt to identify the artistic form of Norwid’s drama ‘Cleopatra and Ceasar’ The article concentrates on the analysis of lyrical excerpts form Norwid’s Cleopatra and Caesar while taking into account the title hero’s utterance and the form of the world created in the drama. The author creates a research methodology which allows her to define precisely the lyrical structure of Norwid’s historical drama
Colloquia Litteraria
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2012
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vol. 13
|
issue 2
47-87
PL
Norwidian Tear. On Lyricism and Rhetoric   The text presents in a multi-faceted way the motif of tears in Norwid’s writings. The motif is shown within a new research context, i.e. the tradition of baroque rhetoric. The author proposes a well-supported thesis, in which she argues that in the case of Norwid’s writings lyricism grows out of the rhetoric thus creating a new artistic dimension.
PL
Tajemnica lorda Singelworth once again. Between Irony and Autoirony The article uses autoirony as the fundamental interpretative key to Norwid’s Tajemnica lorda Singelworth. The author puts the analyzed text in biograp- hical, epistolary, and publishing contexts, which produces a new way to understand the novella. This new interpretation suggests reading of Tajemnica as Norwid’s play with his earlier style as well as a attempt at autoironic representation of the textual subject’s attitude.
PL
Extremities of the Spirit of the Polish Nation. On Norwid’s Lekcja IV from his lectures on Słowacki The article attempts to reconstruct Norwid’s philosophy of history, focusing on Lekcja IV from his lectures O Juliuszu Słowackim. According to the poet every civilization (culture) has a particular mission to fulfill in history. The beginning of this mission is always a continuation of the work initiated by Christ himself. Christ turned the existential dimension of being from the individual to the collective and as such designed the scope for activity of nations as subjects of history. Nations are to liberate themselves from ethnic particularities and bring about the moral transformation of the mankind; this should happen through the recognition of the signum of their own historical time and its relations to Christ’s tradition as well as undertaking of the postulate to perfect their contemporary times. To advance his goals Norwid performs a particular, deliberate overinterpretation of works by Zygmunt Krasiński and Juliusz Słowacki. From Krasiński’s Legenda he takes the appointment of the initial ‘Roman’ (after-Christ, catholic) extremity of the Polish civilization; from Słowacki’s Anhelli the declining ‘Siberian’ extremity, which is transformed by love as a result of suffering. This concept by Norwid clashes with Romantic, mystic-messianic ideas, which bound the Redemption of the man with otherworldly heroism of the spirit denying mortal life; it, furthermore, brings out a particular criticism of all ideas linking existence with unchanging being in mortal life.
20
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ANIOŁ U NORWIDA

77%
PL
Angel in Norwid’s oeuvre The author explores the angel motif in Cyprian Norwid’s body of work. The article opens with a definition of ‘angel’ as a term and an exposition of selected works of angelology, philosophy, and philology which deal with this motif/being in thought, culture, and literaturę. The author primarily deals with literary works from the nineteenth century; she quotes multiple examples from Norwid’s writings pointing to the intensity and importance of the presence of the angel in his oeuvre. The main part of this study ana- lyses the character and function of the angel in Ostatnia z bajek.
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