Search results

1

Produktywność pracy w Polsce na tle wybranych krajów OECD

100%

Dobija M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2011

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issue 859

29-45

EN

The article discusses work productivity indicator Q defined as a multiplier of real GDP in agreement with the equation GDP = W ∙ Q. On the other hand, Q is a factor defined by the introduced function of production and as such synthesises the interaction of six variables. Theoretical analyses, calculations, and comparisons of the size of this indicator have shown its usefulness in macroeconomic analyses, particularly in evaluating the average value of the exchange rate. Other areas where this indicator may be used include international comparisons of labour productivity and at the level of management.

2

Human Capital Versus Income Variations: Are They Linked in OECD Countries?

100%

Bartak J., Jabłoński Ł.

Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

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2016

|

issue 2

56-73

EN

Purpose: The theory of endogenous growth suggests a number of relations between income inequality and human capital. However, empirical evidence in this field is scarce. Therefore, in this paper we aim to demonstrate the existence of interdependencies between income inequality and human capital across OECD countries.Methodology: We present findings of the endogenous growth theory on the mechanisms linking inequality with human capital. Subsequently, we attempt to verify these links empirically using the regression function estimated by means of the generalized method of moments (GMM). The empirical analysis is based on panel data from 1995–2010.Findings: The results of the study reveal the existence of a negative relationship between income inequality and health indicators (infant mortality and maternal mortality). However, we did not reach an authoritative conclusion about the relationship between income inequality and quantitative indicators of educational achievement.Research limitations: Research is limited to the sample of OECD countries. Interdependencies between income inequality and human capital could be captured more clearly using a broader sample.Originality: This paper presents one of few studies testing the relation between human capital and income inequality. The use of high-quality empirical data on inequality (SWIID data) and the generalized method of moments made it possible to contribute new arguments to the discussion of empirical analyses of these economic categories.

3

Wpływ globalizacji na politykę fiskalną państw OECD w latach 1965-2011

100%

Lewandowska-Kalina M., Kalina L.

Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu

|

2013

|

issue 2 (23)

64-76

EN

In the economic literature there is a well-known hypothesis that the states in the era of globalization, due to the increased mobility of labor and capital, are losing their ability to pursue fiscal policies; especially the imposition and maintenance of high tax rates become impossible. These concerns are shared first of all by the European social model advocates who argue that the process of global economic integration will strike with vengeance in the concept of the welfare state and make the policy of maintaining high, progressive taxes, massive transfers of wealth and income redistribution not possible to maintain. The state will have no other option but to withdraw from their positions and radically reduce the tax burden. The article analyzes the impact of globalization and openness of the economies on the ability of states to run their own fiscal policy. The authors set themselves the goal of verifying the hypothesis that rich countries are forced to cut taxes (and thus reduce social spending and internal liberalization) under the pressure of competition from poor countries (known in English-language literature as “race-to the-bottom”. In order to verify hypotheses about the impact of openness of the economy on shaping tax policy the authors have estimated the econometric panel models, on the unbalanced panel of OECD countries in the period 1965-2011 and for the sub-samples in the years 1995-2011. They use different types of taxes as dependent variables, and inflow of foreign direct investment, the openness of the economy, GDP per capita relative to the U.S. economy and the share of government consumption in GDP as explanatory variables. The data for 33 developed countries in the years 1965-2011 come from OECD databases, the World Bank and Penn World Tables. A total sample contains 1599 observations. Contrary to the race-to-the-bottom hypothesis the estimation showed a strong, positive and statistically significant correlation between the share of corporate tax and value added tax and the openness of the economy. However, this res64-76ult does not hold for income tax. Also, social security contributions were found to be strongly associated with the openness of the economy A strong, positive and statistically significant correlation was found for the years 1965- -2011 and also strong, and statistically significant but negative correlation was found for 1995-2011 subpanel. The results of the analysis lead to the question about the reasons for increase in the share of value added tax and corporate tax to GDP with the increasing openness of the economy. One can argue that the answer lies in the nature of value added tax.

4

Edukacja i zdrowie a wzrost gospodarczy w krajach OECD

100%

Jabłoński Ł.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

|

2011

|

issue 869

5-26

EN

The paper does a statistical analysis of the influence of two crucial components of human capital – education and health – on economic growth in OECD countries from 1992 to 2007. The analysis was based on the production function derived from Mankiw, Romer and Wiel’s neoclassical growth model (1992). The calculation was conducted based on least squares and fixed effects methods. The results show that, while perhaps to a lesser extent than physical capital, human capital has a positive impact on economic growth in OECD countries. It is also shown that education supports per capita GDP growth to a greater extent than improving the condition of health.

5

Circular economy as assistance for sustainable development in OECD countries

100%

Skvarciany V., Lapinskaite I., Volskyte G.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2021

|

vol. 12

|

issue 1

11-34

EN

Research background: Circular economy is of great importance, as it plays a vital role in ensuring the reuse of waste created and, therefore, reduces the waste of limited resources, which is the primary goal of the general economic concept. In line with the circular economy, sustainable development gains great attention, as the United Nations announced the sustainable development goals that should be reached by 2030. Hence, the current paper aims at examining whether the circular economy could be treated as an effective assistance tool for sustainable development of OECD countries. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to investigate whether the circular economy could serve as an assistance tool for sustainable development and, therefore, seeks to determine if the circular economy could directly impact a country's sustainable development. Methods: First, the countries chosen were prioritised using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) methodologies. AHP method was used for weight assignment to the circular economy indicators that were further used for OECD countries' prioritisation procedure for which multi-criteria decision-making method EDAS was employed. Second, to reveal a link between the circular economy ranking results and sustainable development, a comparative analysis was done. Third, the impact of the country's circular economy on sustainable development was evaluated using the fixed-effect regression model on four years of panel data from 2016 to 2019 for the sample of 32 OECD countries. Findings & value-added: The comparative analysis of the circular economy's prioritisation results and Sustainable Development Goals Index (SDGI) ranking showed 20 out of 32 matches, assuming a link between the circular economy and sustainable development could be made. The fixed-effect regression equation results demonstrate that the unemployment rate, poverty rate, air pollution exposure, and CO2 emission per capita negatively influence sustainable development. In contrast, indicators such as gross domestic expenditure on R&D, renewable energy, number of passenger cars in use, and households with Internet access positively impact SDGI. The hypothesis that the circular economy is seen as an assistance for sustainable development and directly affects a country's sustainability was approved. The paper contributes to the scientific literature in the field of circular economy and sustainable development interaction and could be seen as an assumption for new research directions, focusing on the linkage between circular economy and sustainable development. Moreover, the obtained results could contribute to a country's policy-makers by highlighting the essential indicators of a circular economy that should be considered while forming the strategy of a country's sustainable development.

6

The effect of the minimum wage on smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries

88%

Rigelsky M., Ivankova V., Gavurova B., Mudrik M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2020

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vol. 15

|

issue 3

439-461

EN

Research background: The amount of the minimum wage is, in some sense, an indicator of the economic level of a country. There are considerable differences in this indicator between the countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). At the same time, the minimum wage is also an instrument that largely regulates people's behaviour and affects different areas of life. Purpose of the article: The objective of this study is to determine the relations between the minimum wage and individual smoking-related indicators in a sample of selected OECD countries (16 countries). The study answers the question of whether people in countries with lower minimum wages (lower development) smoke more than in countries with higher minimum wages. Methods: Four variables entered into the analytical processing, the minimum wage, daily smokers (age 15+), daily smokers (age 15-24) and tobacco consumption in grams per capita (age 15+). The data were collected between 2011 and 2017. The analysis was carried out in three steps ? descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and regression analysis. Findings & Value added: It has been found that the minimum wage negatively affects smoking and tobacco consumption, i.e. in developed countries, where the minimum wage is higher, people smoke less. Regarding the evaluation of minimum wage and tobacco consumption, countries such as Austria, New Zealand or the United States can be considered positive. On the other hand, opportunities for improvement can be seen in countries such as the Czech Republic, Spain, Estonia and Israel. The study highlights the importance of the effect of the minimum wage on selected smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries. In all three cases, there was a negative relation; therefore, smoking can be expected to decrease, if the minimum wage is increased.

7

An Alternative Human Development Index Considering Unemployment

88%

Taner M., Sezen B., Mıhcı H.

South East European Journal of Economics and Business

|

2011

|

vol. 6

|

issue 1

45-60

EN

The Human Development Index (HDI) has played an influential role in the debate on human development (HD) for many years. However, no index is perfect and neither is the HDI of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). This paper aims to construct a new composite index for the development performance of a sample of 30 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries by adding a fourth indicator, namely the unemployment index, to the calculation of HDI. The addition of the unemployment factor to the HDI as a new indicator has the potential to make the index more comprehensive and present a suitable approach for assessing the development performance of countries.

8

Migration Policy in the Area of Border Control and Migration of the Population in OECD Countries –Theoretical and Practical Aspects

88%

Woźniak K.

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

|

2020

|

vol. 38

219-244

EN

The aim of the study is to present the phenomenon of population migration and migration policy as part of the state’s economic policy based on the example of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries, with particular emphasis on the area of migration policy, which is border control and related illegal migration. The temporal scope of the empirical analysis covers the period 1990-2016. The article consists of four main parts. The discussion began with a presentation of the balance of migration, the scale and dynamics of population immigration in OECD countries. Furthermore, the significance, areas and process of shaping migration policy as a part of the economic policy of the country are presented. Then, it focused on the migration policy in the area of border control in OECD countries. The discussion was crowned with the conclusions that followed.

9

Okun’s Law in OECD Countries in 1990 – 2013

75%

Błaszczuk D. J.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

|

2014

|

vol. 15

|

issue 2

47-63

EN

Politicians try to reach targets that usually contradict. It leads to lack of optimal long-term equilibrium. The main target should be the maximal growth rate of GDP and other targets should remain within predetermined limits. Politicians should influence relations between every two targets. Empirical study of relations between unemployment and GDP growth rates is done for every OECD country basing on quarterly data for 20 years. According to the results of the investigation countries are put into “strategic groups”. Paper ends with preliminary proposals for economic policy makers.

10

Zarządzanie obszarami metropolitalnymi – zagraniczne doświadczenia i ich polskie implikacje

75%

Kaczmarek T.

Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN

|

2018

|

vol. 183

274-287

11

Czynniki wzrostu gospodarczego w czasie bieżącego kryzysu. Polska na tle wybranych krajów świata

75%

Jabłoński Ł.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

|

2013

|

issue 30

90-107

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie zróżnicowania dynamiki zmian PKB, a także czynni-ków leżących u podstaw różnej skali recesji i ożywienia gospodarczego w czasie kryzysu w go-spodarkach Polski i wybranych krajów gospodarki światowej w latach 2000–2010. Z badania wynika, że ścieżka wzrostu gospodarczego Polski w latach 2009–2010 zasadniczo odróżnia się od krajów wysoko rozwiniętych UE i OECD, a także postsocjalistycznych Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej oraz WNP. W 2009 roku Polska zanotowała najwyższy wzrost gospodar-czy na tle krajów OECD i UE. Ze względu na silną globalizację negatywne dla wzrostu gospodarczego skutki załamania na amerykańskim rynku kredytów hipotecznych ujawniły się niemal równocześnie, a więc już w trzecim kwartale 2008 roku. Negatywny impuls najszybciej ograniczył popyt inwestycyjny przedsiębiorstw, a także prywatny popyt konsumpcyjny. Jednakże zmniejszenie popytu inwesty-cyjnego było większe niż prywatnej konsumpcji. Z pewnym opóźnieniem w stosunku do kon-sumpcji prywatnej i inwestycji kryzys finansowy zmniejszył wielkości eksportu i importu. Z po-równania dynamiki popytowych czynników produkcji Polski wynika, że w fazach ożywienia bądź wysokiej dynamiki wzrostu PKB popyt krajowy zasadniczo determinuje wzrost gospodarczy. Z kolei w okresach spowolnienia rola popytu krajowego maleje, zaś popytu zagranicznego rośnie.

EN

The aim of the paper is to present the changes in GDP, and determinants explaining the dif-ferences between countries in recession and speed of recovery during the financial crises in Poland and selected countries and their groups between 2000–2010. The research illustrates that the path of economic growth of Poland was much different com-paring to the highly-developed countries of the EU and OECD, and post-socialist countries of Central-East European Countries and CIS. In 2009 Poland achieved the highest rate of economic growth among the OECD and EU member states. Because of strong economic globalization in the world, the negative outcomes of the finan-cial subprime market in the US for the world economic growth appeared very fast – in the fourth quarter 2008. The negative impulse limited the investment demand of companies and consumption of households. Later then investment and consumption, export and import was triggered. Having compared the rates of growth of investment, consumption, export and import for large sample of countries illustrates that during recovery and fast economic growth in Poland, the domestic de-mand determines increase in GDP, while during the slowdown the impact of foreign demand becomes more dominant.

12

SHORT TERM AGGREGATED SUPPLY CURVES FOR OECD COUNTRIES IN 1991 – 2013

75%

Błaszczuk D. J.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

|

2015

|

vol. 16

|

issue 1

37-52

EN

Politicians used to determine such macroeconomic targets as GDP growth rate, inflation rate, unemployment rate. They are interested in relationships between: unemployment rate and GDP growth rate (the Okun’s law), unemployment rate and inflation rate (the Philips curve) as well as between inflation rate and GDP growth rate (aggregate supply curve - SAS), put forth directly, eg. a straight line or a parabola, or indirectly, i.e. as a function Okun’s with inserted Philips function. SAS derived from the Okun’s and Philips curves estimated for OECD countries in the period 1991 to 2013 are analysed vis a vis curves reflecting direct relationships.

13

ANALIZA CZASU PRACY W KRAJACH EUROPY ZACHODNIEJ

75%

Domański R.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2019

|

vol. 46

|

issue 9(546)

26-31

EN

This article describes the issue of the actual working time in Western Europe, which is regarded as a region with relatively short working hours. Although the average working time in this part of the world is short compared to other OECD countries, the reason for this phenomenon is largely the polarization of the working hours and the associated high percentage of people working in short hours and long hours. Distribution of working hours vary depending on the sex and the analyzed country. While in the case of short hours the possibility of combining work and family responsibilities is of great importance, which lead into an over-representation of women in this group of employees, so determinants of work in long hours for both sexes remain different or interact in opposite directions.

PL

Artykuł porusza problematykę faktycznego czasu pracy w Europie Zachodniej uchodzącej za region, w którym pracuje się stosunkowo mało. Chociaż średni czas pracy w tej części świata jest krótki na tle innych krajów OECD, to przyczyną tego zjawiska w dużej mierze jest polaryzacja rozkładu czasu pracy i związany z nią wysoki odsetek osób pracujących w krótkich godzinach i długich godzinach. Rozkłady czasu pracy różnią się w zależności od płci i analizowanego kraju. O ile w przypadku krótkich godzin duże znaczenie ma możliwość połączenia pracy zawodowej z obowiązkami rodzinnymi, co przekłada się na nadreprezentację kobiet w tej grupie pracujących, tak determinanty pracy w długich godzinach dla obu płci pozostają różne lub oddziałują w przeciwnych kierunkach.

14

Gender inequality on the labour market in highly developed countries

75%

Domagała W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Ekonomicznego w Zielonej Górze

|

2016

|

issue 4

42-51

PL

Artykuł koncentruje się wokół zagadnienia nierówności płci na rynku pracy. Jego głównym celem jest analiza zróżnicowania i skali występowania omawianego zjawiska w krajach wysoko rozwiniętych należących do grupy państw OECD. Zakres czasowy prowadzonych analiz obejmuje lata 1990-2013. Hipoteza badawcza zakłada, iż kraje wysoko rozwinięte są zróżnicowane ze względu na występowanie nierówności płci na rynku pracy. Prowadzone analizy teoretyczno-empiryczne powinny przyczynić się do identyfikacji obszarów rynku pracy, na których występują omawiane nierówności oraz ich skali. Z kolei zastosowanie analizy skupień będzie miało na celu kategoryzację badanych krajów wysoko rozwiniętych pod kątem występowania nierówności płci na rynku pracy.

EN

The article takes into consideration the issue of gender inequality on the labour market in highly developed countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The time scope covers the period between 1990 and 2013. The research hypothesis in the paper is following: highly developed countries are significantly different with regard to the scale of gender inequality in the professional context. The theoretical and empirical analysis will be use to identify areas of gender inequality on the labour market and to analyse its scale. Thanks to cluster analysis, the article will be able to make an exact classification of OECD countries in respect of mentioned gender inequality.

15

Czynniki socjoekonomiczne i trwanie życia w krajach OECD

75%

Łyszczarz B., Wyszkowska Z.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

|

2013

|

issue 30

53-61

PL

W opracowaniu zbadano społeczne i ekonomiczne determinanty trwania życia w krajach na-leżących do OECD, traktując przy tym trwanie życia jako miernik stanu zdrowia populacji. Pod-stawę teoretyczną badania stanowi funkcja produkcji zdrowia. Analiza empiryczna obejmuje 27 krajów OECD i lata 1990–2007. Oszacowano równania re-gresji trwania życia kobiet i mężczyzn w wieku 0, 40, 65 i 80 lat przy zastosowaniu analizy regre-sji dla danych panelowych (modele z efektami ustalonymi). Wyniki badania wskazują, że dochód – reprezentowany przez PKB per capita – jest istotnym czynnikiem determinującym trwanie życia. Innymi czynnikami pozytywnie wpływającymi na stan zdrowia są wydatki na opiekę zdrowotną oraz wykształcenie, reprezentowane przez zmien-ną symptomatyczną, ilustrującą zatrudnienie w sektorze usługowym. Negatywny wpływ na trwanie życia mają natomiast konsumpcja tytoniu, alkoholu i cukru oraz zanieczyszczenie tlenkami siarki. Wyniki pośrednio sugerują, że okresy recesji mogą wywoływać negatywne konsekwencje zdrowotne.

EN

The purpose of analysis conducted in the paper is to investigate socio-economic determinants of life expectancy in OECD countries. Life expectancy is used as a measure of population health and health production function is the theoretical basis for analysis.The empirical analysis is based on the data from 27 OECD countries and comprises period 1990–2007. The equations of female and male life expectancy at ages 0, 40, 65 and 80 were esti-mated using regression analysis for panel data (fixed-effects models). The results indicate that income (represented by per capita GDP) is important determinant of life expectancy. Other factors positively influencing life expectancy are health care expenditures and education (proxied by employment in services). The factors that influence life expectancy negatively are alcohol, tobacco and sugar consumption as well as sulphur oxides emission. The results suggest that periods of economic downturns may cause negative health consequences.

16

Simple four-step procedure of parabolic B curve determination for OECD countries in 1990Q1 – 2015Q4

63%

Dariusz J. B.

Economics and Business Review

|

2016

|

vol. 2(16)

|

issue 3

121-137

EN

In theory the short-term relationship between inflation and GDP rate is known as the positive slope straight line SAS. In practice it is reflected by a concave non-monotonic function. The results of estimation depend on unusual observations. We propose a simple four-step procedure: first, basic estimation based on all observations; then estimation having ignored outliers; next, estimation on the average GDP rates for given inflation rates for the same observations; lastly, estimation skipping outlying averages. Empirical analysis for 26 OECD countries on quarterly data brought satisfactory results. They justified the determination of optimal GDP rate and corresponding inflation for every country. Finally, recommendations for policymakers have been formulated.

17

Rola państwa w zapewnianiu neutralności konkurencyjnej - doświadczenia wybranych krajów

63%

Szudy M.

Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2013

|

vol. 139

130-139

EN

Competitive neutrality is an important factor of the efficiency of mixed markets. Despite the general consent of the governments of OECD countries on the necessity to ensure a level playing field between private and public copanies on mixed markets, in practice, only a few of them take the operation of a complex. Moreover, across countries there are important differences in terms of scope and nature of the instruments used to ensure competitive neutrality. These differences have a negative impact on competition in global markets in terms of internationalization of public enterprises, and when these markets include public companies from countries that are not signatories of good practices on competitive neutrality.

18

Wpływ systemów emerytalnych na efekt Laffera w krajach OECD

63%

Chrzonstowski A.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

|

2014

|

vol. 269

|

issue 1

141-160

EN

The article is concerned with the so‐called Laffer effect - an effect involving the relationship between possible rates of taxation and the resulting levels of government revenue - in countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The author sets out to designate a maximum of the Laffer curve - a visual representation of the Laffer effect - in the economies of individual OECD countries with institutional pension schemes. To this end, Chrzonstowski uses a mathematical model he developed earlier. The model theoretically predicts the possibility of an effect associated with the Laffer curve in an economy with an institutional pension scheme. The research involved a three-stage analysis with the use of available statistical data on OECD countries and a World Bank database. In the first and second stages of the study, only 16 of 34 OECD economies examined by the author met the criteria of the model for 2001-2010. However, calculations based on the available statistics confirmed the model’s predictions, Chrzonstowski says. The author concludes that the Laffer curve can rise to a maximum for any OECD economy. The maximum can range from 0 to 1, depending on the ratio of pensioners to the working population and on the output elasticity of capital in an economy.

PL

Celem artykułu było wyznaczenie maksimum krzywej Laffera w gospodarkach poszczególnych krajów OECD posiadających instytucjonalne systemy emerytalne. Do realizacji tego zadania został wykorzystany model matematyczny opracowany wcześniej przez autora. Model przewiduje teoretycznie możliwość wystąpienia efektu związanego z krzywą Laffera w gospodarce z instytucjonalnym systemem emerytalnym. Podstawowa formuła modelu łączy produkt gospodarki tworzący wynagrodzenie czynników wytwórczych (kapitału i pracy) ze zmienną, którą jest stosunek liczby emerytów do liczby pracujących. Metodyka badania uwzględniała trzy etapy analizy z wykorzystaniem dostępnych danych statystycznych krajów OECD oraz bazy danych Banku Światowego. Pierwszy i drugi etap badania nie wypadł pomyślnie dla wszystkich krajów OECD. Kryteria modelu dla okresu 2001–2010 spełniło tylko 16 gospodarek na 34 zbadanych. Jednakże obliczenia przeprowadzone w oparciu o dane statystyczne potwierdzają przewidywania modelu. Gospodarka każdego kraju OECD może znajdować się w maksimum krzywej Laffera. To maksimum może być związane ze stosunkiem liczby emerytów do liczby pracujących z zakresu od 0 do 1. Może być ono umiejscowione bliżej 0 lub bliżej 1. Zależy to od elastyczności produktu względem kapitału w gospodarce. Przeprowadzone obliczenia nie rozstrzygają jednak, jaka jest rzeczywista w danej gospodarce elastyczność produktu względem kapitału.

19

System finansowania opieki zdrowotnej w krajach OECD

63%

Łyszczarz B.

Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2013

|

vol. 145

161-172

EN

The aim of the paper is to investigate the structure of health care financing systems in OECD countries. In the theoretical part the following areas of health care financing are discussed: fund collection, fund pooling and provider reimbursement. The empirical part analyses trends in health care expenditures and institutional arrangements in health care financing in OECD countries. Health care financing systems in these countries vary in terms of financing sources, fund and risk pooling mechanisms as well as reimbursement systems. Though, reforming processes in the last decades leads to convergence of health care financing arrangements.

20

Health System Efficiency of OECD Countries with Data Envelopment Analysis

63%

Ersoy Y., Aktaş A.

|

2022

|

vol. 20

|

issue 4(98)

90-109

PL

Cel: opracowanie ma na celu pomiar efektywności w 37 krajach OECD w roku 2020 za pomocą metody granicznej analizy danych (Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA), a ponadto uszeregowanie efektywnych jednostek decyzyjnych przy użyciu modelu DEA z nadefektywnością. Metodologia: w ramach badania przeprowadzono analizy z wykorzystaniem zorientowanych na nakłady modeli Charnesa, Coopera i Rhodesa (CCR), zorientowanych na nakłady modeli Bankera, Charnesa i Coopera (BCC) oraz tych modeli z nadefektywnością przy użyciu czterech nakładów i trzech wyników. Wyniki: przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że efektywnością cechuje się czternaście krajów w modelu CCR i dwadzieścia krajów w modelu BCC. Kraje efektywne uszeregowano zgodnie z wynikami modeli z nadefektywnością. Ograniczenia/implikacje badawcze: ograniczeniami badania są analizy oparte na modelach DEA zorientowanych na nakłady oraz to, że zostało ono przeprowadzone w krajach OECD. Oryginalność/wartość: ocena efektywności systemów opieki zdrowotnej zyskała w ostatnich latach na znaczeniu. Wiele krajów podejmuje starania na rzecz poprawy swoich systemów opieki zdrowotnej. Z powodu epidemii, takich jak COVID-19, kraje OECD, podobnie jak wiele krajów na całym świecie, zwiększyły udział wydatków na opiekę zdrowotną w PKB. W związku z tą sytuacją ocena efektywności krajów OECD w dziedzinie zdrowia stała się bardzo istotnym tematem badawczym.

EN

Purpose: This study is aimed at measuring the efficiency of 37 OECD countries for 2020 using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Besides, it is aimed at ranking the efficient decision making units by using the super-efficiency DEA model. Design/methodology/approach: In the study, analyses were carried out with input-oriented Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR), input-oriented Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) models and super-efficiency models of these models by using 4 inputs and 3 outputs. Findings: As a result of the analysis, 14 countries in the CCR model and 20 countries in the BCC model were efficient. According to the results of the super-efficiency models, the efficient countries were ranked. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the study are the analyses are based on input-oriented DEA models and the research was conducted in OECD countries. Originality/value: Performance evaluation of health systems has gained importance in recent years. Many countries are making efforts to improve their health systems. Due to epidemics such as COVID-19, OECD countries, like many countries around the world, have increased the share of health expenditures in GDP. Because of this situation, the evaluation of the performance of OECD countries in the field of health has emerged as a very important research topic.

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