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Pre-Settlement Risk Limits for Non-Financial Counterparty in the Polish Over-the-Counter Derivatives Market

100%

Wybieralski P.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

2023

vol. 57

issue 1

219-235

Theoretical background: The 2008/2009 financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in 2020 or the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, all these affected market volatility causing greater interest in counterparty credit risk (CCR) management especially in the OTC derivatives market. This study investigates selected method to mitigate the CCR, namely the application of various risk limits. The research is focused particularly on the pre-settlement risk that financial institutions face after transaction conclusion until the contract’s final settlement. Instead of one single limit there may be a wide range of different treasury limits (a multiple treasury limit setup) applied not only to cover the credit exposure but also to support and enhance the entire market risk management process and day-to-day operations in the financial institutions. Purpose of the article: The paper examines treasury limits employed to manage pre-settlement risk in the Polish OTC derivatives market in the relation between financial institution and non-financial institution. The current literature on this subject includes works on various risk limits, especially in the Polish inter-bank market, however, there is still no broader view on this topic from the analysed perspective. The study indicates different pre-settlement risk limits to be applied in practice both for daily and credit-related transactions considering multiple determinants, such as counterparty and financial instrument type, asset class or collateral form. Research methods: Research methods comprise the analysis of guidelines and recommendations of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority as well as reports, documents and market risk management principles of selected financial institutions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of legal backgrounds on treasury limits in Poland and bank’s sources, such as master agreements, general conditions of cooperation in the field of treasury products, regulations, information brochures, etc. Selected data from the 2022 Triennial Central Bank Survey of Foreign Exchange and OTC Derivatives Market Activity in Poland is used in the context analysis. Main findings: Different determinants of pre-settlement risk limit setup are identified and on this basis a directory of pre-settlement treasury limits is developed. The paper indicates also some challenges related to their practical application, concerning, for instance, the breaches of contractual terms (events of default), timely renewal of treasury limit or issues regarding the market risk estimation.

Utilization Schemes of the Pre-Settlement Risk Limits

72%

Wybieralski P.

Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

2024

vol. 2

issue 42

57-69

Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie schematów wykorzystania limitów przedrozliczeniowych służących do zarządzania ryzykiem kredytowym kontrahenta na polskim rynku pozagiełdowych instrumentów pochodnych w relacji instytucja finansowa i przedsiębiorstwo niefinansowe. Zastosowanie przedrozliczeniowych limitów skarbowych wynikające z obowiązujących w Polsce regulacji prawnych ma również na celu usprawnienie i wsparcie codziennych działań operacyjnych w ramach procesu zarządzania ryzykiem rynkowym w instytucji finansowej. Metodyka uwzględnia analizę wybranych regulacji oraz obowiązujących przepisów prawnych, m.in. nadzorcy rynkowego oraz zasad zarządzania ryzykiem kredytowym kontrahenta instytucji finansowych. W szczególności analizie poddano zapisy Rekomendacji A Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego dotyczące zarządzania przez banki ryzykiem związanym z działalnością na instrumentach pochodnych oraz politykę ryzyka kredytowego kontrahenta wybranych banków notowanych na GPW. Rezultatem badania jest identyfikacja schematów utylizacji przedrozliczeniowych limitów skarbowych, zakładających w zakresie wielkości komponentu dotyczącego szacowania ryzyka rynkowego stały oraz zmienny jego poziom w trakcie funkcjonowania transakcji. Zastosowanie danego schematu w praktyce może mieć wpływ m.in. na wielkość nominalnej pozycji w kontrakcie, ekspozycji ryzyka oraz w konsekwencji na politykę w zakresie ustanawiania zabezpieczenia wymaganego kontraktu.

The purpose of the article is to investigate the selected method employed to manage the counterparty credit risk, namely the application of various risk limits. The aim is to recognize utilization schemes of the pre-settlement risk limits in the Polish OTC derivatives market in the relationship between a financial institution and a non-financial counterparty. They are used not only to cover the credit exposure but also to support and enhance the entire market risk management process and day-to-day operations in the financial institutions. Methodology. The research method comprises the analysis of recommendations of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority as well as reports, documents and market risk management principles of selected financial institutions (WSE listed banks). Results of the research. The study indicates two utilization schemes of the pre-settlement limit setup applicable both for daily and credit-related transactions. The first one assumes that the risk requirements remain unchanged during the contract lifetime, the second one considers variable risk requirements over time. Practical implications are discussed (in relation to a notional trade size, risk exposure and margining policy).

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1 Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

1 Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

2 Wybieralski P.

1 2024

1 2023

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Pre-Settlement Risk Limits for Non-Financial Counterparty in the Polish Over-the-Counter Derivatives Market

Utilization Schemes of the Pre-Settlement Risk Limits