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1

NOMADIC PEOPLES OF THE BLACK SEA STEPPES - FROM KIMMERIANS TO POLOVTSY. OUTLINE OF THE POLITICAL RELATIONS

100%
Paron A.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2009
|
vol. 61
97-145
EN
The article concerns a problem of presence of nomadic groups in the South Eastern Europe, with a special regard to Black Sea Steppes. The author made a review of nomadic political organisations which domianted on this area from the beginning of the 1st millennium BC till the first half of 13th century AD, i.e. till the Mongol conquest. Majority of the created during this vast space of time political organism had shape of the so-called early state. Their existence depanded on the surplus, gained thanks to the contacts with the outside world (trade, plundering, tributes, conquest of the sedentary population). In this situation any more significant politicial disturbance could cause the decline of nomadic state and the return to the stateless organisation. The main reason of the political changes were the migrations of the new ethnoses.
2

VÝVOJ V ČESKOSLOVENSKU V PRVEJ POLOVICI ROKA 1968 NA STRÁNKACH PUBLIKOVANÝCH FRANCÚZSKYCH DIPLOMATICKÝCH DOKUMENTOV V KORELÁCII S VÝVINOM ČESKOSLOVENSKO-FRANCÚZSKYCH VZŤAHOV OD VZNIKU ČSR DO PRELOMU ROKOV 1967/1968

100%
Petruf P.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 2
269 – 297
EN
The study is materially based mainly on the published French diplomatic documents relating to the first half of 1968, when the renewal process known as the Czechoslovak Spring was developing in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. The first part of the study briefly mentions the main features of Czechoslovak – French relations from the origin of the Czechoslovak Republic in autumn 1918 to the beginning of the renewal process in January 1968. The brief recapitulation of the key events in Czechoslovak – French relations in this period is intended to give the reader a better understanding of the generally restrained attitude of Paris to Prague during the first six months of 1968. In brief, it is possible to say that French government circles looked with sympathy at the developing reform process in Czechoslovakia, but it was not in the centre of their attention. Paris was considering mainly the global framework of international development, in which the reduction of tension between East and West had one of the key roles. Since Moscow played a key part in this process, neglect of its interests appeared to be counter-productive. This largely decided the cautious attitude to developments in Czechoslovakia in the first half of 1968.
3

ŽIVOT A PÔSOBENIE DEMOKRATA JÁNA ŠEVČÍKA VO SVETLE JEHO POLITICKÝCH VZŤAHOV

100%
Horička M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2020
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vol. 68
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issue 3
517 – 543
EN
Ján Ševčík is today one of the forgotten figures in Czechoslovak history. Although he took part in a great number of important historical events of the first half of the 20th century, he was not generally one of the best-known carriers of these changes. His first prominent role did not come until February 1948, when he helped Gottwald build a new political regime by seizing the Democratic Party and transforming it into a loyal satellite of the Communists, renamed the Party of Slovak Revival, which participated in the National Front until the Velvet Revolution. In addition to social and political changes, his life story also shows us some unknown sides of historical personalities, such as Jozef Tiso, Ján Ursíny or Viliam Široký. Through their mutual interactions, we can also trace his entire activities and place them in the broader context of the development of the Czechoslovak Republic in the first half of the 20th century.
4

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN OPPOSITION PARTIES IN THE INTERWAR CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC

88%
Olejník M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2016
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vol. 19
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issue 2
-
EN
The paper deals with the basic issues of political development of Hungarian opposition parties during the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic (CSR). Within the frame of a parliamentary democracy in CSR the whole array of political parties was active, including political associations based on the ethnic principle. Among the Hungarian community the primary role was played by the Provincial Christian Social Party (PChSP) and the Hungarian National Party (HNP). Eventually, even though they were representing primarily interests of the Hungarian population, they differed in their confessional orientation, but also in their ability to gain support of voters outside the Hungarian community. PChSP, which represented itself as a strictly Catholic Party, was able to attract preferences of a segment of Slovak Catholics. On the other hand, the Hungarian National Party could count on votes of certain number of members of the Jewish minority. The both parties differentiated also in their approach to ruling coalition. Whereas MNS was pursuing a policy of opposition in some circumstances it was open to cooperation with government if its demands aimed at improvement of the status of Hungarian community would be met, the PChSP was a priori against any cooperation with government. Till their unification both Hungarian opposition parties were active as autonomous political associations. A dramatic development of political situation at the end of 1938 resulted in a radical change of the status of the Hungarian political opposition as well as Hungarian population. On the basis of Vienna Arbitrage from 2 November 1938, a sizeable part of the Southern Slovakia, where the majority of members of the Hungarian minority lived was annexed by Hungary.
5

ČESKO-SLOVENSKO A KONEC MALÉ DOHODY. K VÝVOJI VZTAHŮ MEZI MNICHOVEM A 15. BŘEZNEM 1939

63%
Podgorný P.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
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2011
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vol. 4
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issue 2
69 – 84
EN
The end of the Little Entente is an interesting topic to investigate because there is no exact date when Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia terminated their close political and economic cooperation, which had existed since the 1920s. The article deals with the reaction of the Little Entente against the Munich Agreement and describes the development in mutual relations, which are defined by signing new economic agreements and the mutual coordination of foreign policy against common threats. Since the represented era finds itself just several months before the outbreak of the World War II, it is necessary to describe the roles of Germany, Hungary and Poland in weakening the relations in the Little Entente. The weakening of the Little Entente was in the interest of these countries in order to achieve their political and in case of Germany geopolitical goals. The article also deals with the coordination of policies as a result of the impending Vienna Arbitration and, more importantly, the economic relations that resulted in a new trade agreement between Czechoslovakia and Romania. For this paper, the main sources are documents deposited in the archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic.
6

MOCENSKO-POLITICKÉ ZÁPASY VO VEDENÍ KOMUNISTICKEJ STRANY SLOVENSKA V ROKOCH 1950 – 1953

63%
Špilka J.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 3
473 – 495
EN
The paper is focused on the Communist Party of Slovakia, power and political relations between communist functionaries in the 1950s. During the 9th Congress of the Slovak Communist party in 1950 the so-called bourgeois nationalists, previously influential high communist functionaries like Gustáv Husák, Ladislav Novomeský or Karol Šmidke, were finally eliminated and criticized. After elimination of these members of the Slovak communist elite the position of the Chairman of the Communist Party of Slovakia, Viliam Široký, was strengthened. He was the most powerful politician in the party at that time. However, this situation was changed by the development during the next three years, which were characterized by ongoing political downfalls and arrests of many communist functionaries, some of them Široký’s close co-workers. After the death of Josif Vissarionovič Stalin and Klement Gottwald in 1953 the position of V. Široký weakened and functionaries oriented towards the First secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia Antonín Novotný prevailed on the political scene.
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