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EN
Keynesian thought influenced not only the neoclassical economists who fully embraced his theories and developed them in their research, but also became an important reference point for those scholars who remained in opposition to mainstream economic schools. This paper discusses the impact of J. M. Keynes' work, and the schools inspired by his theories, on the mainstream economics. The present study focuses on the conditions that contributed to the approval of J. M. Keynes' views by both mainstream economics, dominated by classical and neoclassical concepts, as well as by various post-Keynesian schools. The latter, in fact, relied to a greater extent on the scientific achievement of M. Kalecki, whose theories are often considered to be very close to those of Keynes.
EN
In the first part of the paper we describe the origin and the substance of the Post-Keynesian economics, which in the last decades became a distinctive, dissident stream of the contemporary economic thought. To its forerunners and founders belonged a group of the Cambridge economists. One of the most prominent 'proto-Post-Keynesians' was Nicholas Kaldor, whose work is appreciated in the second part of the article. There is described Kaldor's 'neoclassical' period, his transition to the Keynesian economics and his main contributions - particularly the theory of income distribution and economic growth as well as his critique of the theory of the economic equilibrium and monetarism.
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