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THE MULTIPOLAR POLITICS OF VLADIMIR PUTIN (Wielobiegunowa polityka Wladimira Putina)

100%

Wilk A.

Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

2008

issue 21

83-96

Having assumed the office of President of the Russian Federation in 2000, Vladimir Putin approved the objectives of the multipolar strategy in Russia's foreign policy existing hitherto which consisted of the building up of positive relationships with states on every continent, with particular attention to the Western and the Asian poles. During V. Putin's terms in office, however, the multipolar aspect of Russian's foreign policy can be seen to be more popular cyclically, and always at a moment when tensions emerge between Moscow and Washington and when Russia, displaying a confrontational attitude towards the US, attempts to gain allies who would support her actions. Such a direction in foreign politics undoubtedly serves Russia well and is helping her to recover her position of strength in the international arena. In implementing it, Russia gains partners for cooperation at various poles and, provided she can draw tangible benefits from it, enters into alliances with them. The choice of the multipolar strategy also makes it possible for Russia to refrain from the necessity to articulate a clear declaration as to whether she closer to the Asian or, perhaps, to the Western model of civilisation and development.

THE MILITARISATION OF THE POLITICAL ELITE IN RUSSIA DURING THE PUTIN PRESIDENCY; AN ALTERNATIVE INTERPRETATION (Militaryzacja elity wladzy centralnej podczas prezydentury Wladimira Putina - interpretacja alternatywna)

80%

Cwiek-Karpowicz J.

Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

2009

issue 23

151-172

When Vladimir Putin handed over presidential authority in the spring of 2008, then, for the first time since the era of 'perestroika', there was no manifestation of a battle for power among Russia's elite. Numerous scholars, such as Olga Kryshtanovskaya and Stephen White, explain this particular process as the militarisation of the elite, which occurred hand in hand with Vladimir Putin's presidency. The article aims at the partial denying of that thesis and at suggesting an alternative interpretation of the processes occurring at the top of Russian power structure. The author demonstrates that the dominance of people with a background in the security services of the elite central authorities, the most important circle of the elite, had already occurred during Boris Yeltsin's presidency, while the casting of the most critical positions under Putin's presidency was primarily decided by factors of loyalty on the part of the elite toward their head of state, rather than their powerful support mechanisms within the structures of the security services. By the same token, at the start of 2008, it was not in the least the 'force structures' which played this crucial role, but the ministers and the higher echelons of public administration.

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2 Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)

1 Cwiek-Karpowicz J.

1 Wilk A.

1 2009

1 2008

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THE MULTIPOLAR POLITICS OF VLADIMIR PUTIN (Wielobiegunowa polityka Wladimira Putina)

THE MILITARISATION OF THE POLITICAL ELITE IN RUSSIA DURING THE PUTIN PRESIDENCY; AN ALTERNATIVE INTERPRETATION (Militaryzacja elity wladzy centralnej podczas prezydentury Wladimira Putina - interpretacja alternatywna)