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1

Rivalry of Advocacy Coalitions in the Czech Pension Reform

100%

Potůček M., Rudolfová V.

NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy

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2016

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vol. 9

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issue 1

117-134

EN

The Czech Republic, as many other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, faced and is still facing a pension-reform challenge. The diversification of pension pillars led to the massive displacements of participant contributions from the public PAYG pension pillars to the newly constructed private, defined-contribution, fully-funded pillars. In the Czech Republic, the adoption of the relevant law was preceded by serious political conflict between supporters and opponents of this step (both among different political actors and among professionals). In an analysis of the conflict we critically apply the Advocacy Coalition Framework. We work mainly with the analysis of policy documents, public statements of the individual actors and an analysis of voting on the relevant law in both chambers of the Czech Parliament towards the identification of the crystallization process of two clear-cut coalitions between actors from both sides of the spectrum. The Advocacy Coalition Framework in exploring the dynamics of the public-policy process proved to be able to explain situations where there is sharp political conflict. Through the lens of the devil-shift of both camps (advocacy coalitions with different beliefs), each fell into extreme positions within the coalition to affirm the correctness of their arguments and positions.

2

EMERYTURY W KOREI POŁUDNIOWEJ: WRAŻENIA Z ZEWNĄTRZ

84%

Tinios P.

Polityka Społeczna

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2016

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vol. 43

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issue 11-12(512-513)

33–39

EN

The South Korean pension system is a staterun PAYG social insurance system that has largely managed to avoid key problems common elsewhere. General state pensions arrived on the scene relatively late – in 1988 – in an economy dominated by small family firms and a familial social protection system. Despite financial surpluses, the system underwent two major reforms focused on sustainability, in 1997 and 2007. Recent discussions also highlight adequacy and old age poverty, with the prospect of rapid population ageing. Korea has combined PAYG finance with a large pension reserve – the second largest sovereign fund in the world – whilst also managing to preserve the unity of the system by applying common rules.

PL

Południowo koreański system emerytalny jest państwowym, redystrybucyjnym systemem ubezpieczeń społecznych, któremu w dużej mierze udało się uniknąć kluczowych problemów powszechnych gdzie indziej. Emerytury państwowe pojawiły się na scenie stosunkowo późno – w roku 1988 – w gospodarce zdominowanej przez małe firmy rodzinnych i rodzinny system opieki społecznej. Pomimo nadwyżek finansowych, system przeszedł dwie poważne reformy ukierunkowane na stabilność finansową w roku 1997 i 2007. Ostatnie dyskusje zwracają również uwagę na adekwatność świadczeń i ubóstwo wśród osób starszych, oraz perspektywę szybkiego starzenia się społeczeństwa. Korea połączyła finansowanie repartycyjne z dużą finansową rezerwą emerytalną – drugim co do wielkości państwowym funduszem na świecie – a jednocześnie stara się zachować jednolitość systemu przez stosowanie wspólnych zasad.

3

Ogólnoeuropejski indywidualny produkt emerytalny w polskim systemie emerytalnym i prawnym

84%

Pelc P.

Cybersecurity and Law

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2023

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vol. 10

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issue 2

384-397

EN

Poland’s reformed pension system has been under construction since the late 1990s. The originally introduced model, based on the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS), open pension funds, employee pension funds and employee pension plans, was supplemented by individual retirement accounts, individual retirement security accounts and employee capital plans. Poland’s accession to the European Union did not significantly change this structure, but the implementation of the Directive on the Activities of Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision and Supervision of Such Institutions introduced foreign employers and foreign managers into the system of occupational retirement programs and occupational pension funds. The regulation on the pan-European individual pension product will supplement this system with a third individual product, the pan- European individual pension product. This will introduce an additional complication to the Polish pension system, but will not constitute a fundamental change to it, nor to the Polish capital market.

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1 Cybersecurity and Law

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1 Potůček M.

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1 Tinios P.

1 2023

2 2016

Rivalry of Advocacy Coalitions in the Czech Pension Reform

EMERYTURY W KOREI POŁUDNIOWEJ: WRAŻENIA Z ZEWNĄTRZ

Ogólnoeuropejski indywidualny produkt emerytalny w polskim systemie emerytalnym i prawnym