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Already in the first weeks of Poland’s independence the Polish government had to face a series of anti-Jewish incidents on territories under its authority.The article seeks to ascertain whether the Jewish question in Poland was present in the American press, which after the First World War was becoming increasingly influential in the world in connection with the USA’s economic and financial power.The author determines which riots were reported in the American press and how objective the accounts were. Attention is paid to the reaction of the Jewish and Polish organizations in the United States to the reports from Poland and its descriptionin the American press. The last important issue dealt with in the article is the time scope of the description of the anti-Jewish incidents in Poland. All these detailed questions allow to grasp the interesting problem of the creation of th eimage of reborn Poland across the Atlantic.The image abroadis an important issue for every country, but for independent Poland, which was establishing its borders and sovereign existence after a war that had ruined its economic basis, this was an issue that could determine the country’s future destiny as the United States and other Entente powers had a decisive voice at the Peace Conference in Paris.
EN
This article presents the responses of Polish and Russian newspapers published in Russia after the February Revolution of 1917 to the Interim Government’s Proclamation to Poles which heralded a revival of an independent Polish state. Based on the source texts, the article presents opinions of Polish and Russian journalists on the issue. An analysis of the press texts leads to a conclusion that nearly all the circles welcomed the act, turning a blind eye to its controversial provisions like the one about the Polish-Russian free military alliance.
EN
The author quotes the famous speech by Wincenty Witos in Reichsrat, delivered by him in Polish during World War I. The speech confirms the uncompromising stance of the peasant activists and their special services in working out a clear-cut stance on the matter of regaining independence by Poland. It had been agreed that the president of the Club should speak out on behalf of the peasant activists and present to the Parliament the problems which that group faced. They were issues brought about by the authorities, of political, social and economic nature, resulting from, among others, Russian occupation of Galicia and behavior of Austro-Hungarian troops towards local people after recapturing the province from the Russians.
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