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1

Kształtowanie polskości na łamach „Dziennika Kijowskiego” w latach 1914-1916

100%

Betlii O.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2017

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issue 49

EN

The Shaping of Polish Identity in the “Dziennik Kijowski” in 1914-1916The First World War was a real catalyst for the shaping of national identities in Eastern Europe. Like all wars, it aroused discussions about the future of peoples caught up in the conflict, especially those who did not possess their own statehood. The Polish nation was among them. How did its political elite respond to the beginning of the Great War in Europe, what was discussed and what topics raised by the Polish newspapers, how Poland’s future and Polish identity was seen and determined at that time? In this article I try to answer these questions by analyzing political, social and literary materials in the Polish daily Dziennik Kijowski published in Kyiv in 1906-1920. Based on archival sources, publications of the Dziennik, analysis of the censuses, and historiography, this publication depicts the “Polish Kyiv”, reflects on various opinions about the newspaper’s editorial policies during the war, and defines the main topics that were elaborated by the Dziennik in 1914-1916 regarding Polish identity issues. During this period the newspaper, as well as the majority of members of the Polish community in Kyiv, was loyal to the Russian authorities. At the same time, the Dziennik Kijowski constantly reminded its readers what the Polish identity meant not only by the mere fact that the newspaper was published in the Pollish language, but also by the Polish matters as the contents of its columns. Kształtowanie polskości na łamach „Dziennika Kijowskiego” w latach 1914-1916Pierwsza wojna światowa stała się prawdziwym katalizatorem kształtowania tożsamości narodowych w Europie Wschodniej. Jak każda inna wojna wywoływała ona dyskusje o przyszłości narodów wciągniętych w konflikt, zwłaszcza tych, które nie posiadały swojej państwowości. Do takich narodów wówczas należał również naród polski. W jaki sposób polskie elity polityczne zareagowały na początek Wielkiej Wojny w Europie, o czym dyskutowano i jakie tematy poruszano na łamach prasy polskiej, jak widziano przyszłość Polski i określano polskość w tym okresie? W artykule spróbowałam udzielić odpowiedzi na te pytania, analizując materiały „Dziennika Kijowskiego”, codziennego polskiego pisma politycznego, społecznego i literackiego, wychodzącego w Kijowie w latach 1906-1920. Na podstawie źródeł archiwalnych, publikacji z „Dziennika”, analizy spisów ludności, historiografii nakreśliłam wizerunek „polskiego Kijowa” i ukazałam różnorakie opinie o orientacji wydawnictwa w czasie wojny, jak również główne tematy poruszane na łamach „Dziennika” dotyczące problematyki kształtowania tożsamości polskiej w latach 1914-1916. W badanym okresie „Dziennik Kijowski”, podobnie jak większość przedstawicieli społeczności polskiej w Kijowie, był lojalny wobec władz rosyjskich. Niemniej, nie tylko poprzez język wydania, ale też przez zawartość odpowiednich rubryk ciągłe przypominał czytelnikom o tym, czym jest polskość.

2

«Wernyhora» i «ukraiński step» jako polskie „lieux de mémoire”

88%

Brzezińska M.

Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2015

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vol. 8

34-42

PL

The aim of the article is to present figures of Ukrainian legendary bard Wernyhora and the Ukrainian Steppe as Polish places of memory according to the concept of French historian Pierre Nora. In this concept a place or figure can act as a transmitter of national common values or a center around which visions of the past can be formed. Places of memory (lieux de mémoire) are also special kinds of symbols because of their visual character. In the article I try to highlight this based on (mainly) literature of Polish romanticism. A visual character of both figures and its connection with Polish identity and historical discussions make them vital and important motif of Polish past and imaginary.

3

Śródziemnomorskie kody polskości w twórczości Jana Parandowskiego

88%

Mazur A.

Prace Literackie

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2018

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vol. 58

129-141

EN

One is used to regarding Jan Parandowski (1895–1978) as a great connoisseur of the ancient world and a kind of “Olympic” writer with a distance to his own time and space. A thorough examination of his literary essays, short stories and novels hardly proves this opinion. Treating Polish history and culture, especially of the Renaissance epoch, as originating from and inspired by the ancient Roman/Greek tradition (“Poland is situated in the Mediterranean”), he conceals at the same time an evidently emotional approach to national legacy. There are several modes in which he evokes unique Polish history in the 19th century, with the great but problematic heritage of Romanticism as well as the controversial destiny of modern Polish artists obliged to fulfil national duties; he describes in classically discreet style Polish war experiences; he creates in different ways a sentimental image of his lost home country in Lwów. One of the clearest manifestos of the writer’s involvement in Polish identity can be also found in his defence of national sentiments and their qualities against the attitude presented in the famous work La Trahison des clercs (The treason of the intellectuals) by Julien Benda. According to Parandowski’s own declaration, his patriotism was responsive to aesthetical and sensory epiphany (geographical, landscape, etc. impressions) rather than to some abstract national symbols and declarations. There is also a close, mutual correspondence between ancient impulses in his work and his biography (Polish history); the writer has been frequently seeking for any consolation in Mediterranean utopian dimensions. Last but not least, the “postmortal” testimony of Polish identity in Parandowski’s biography and work seems to be related to the experience — for a long time unknown and only recently revealed — during his exile in revolutionary Soviet Russia; his pioneering study about “Bolshevism” documents the history of 20th-century totalitarianism and definitely denies the allegedly apolitical mind-set of the “Olympian.”

4

Korona śniegu i krwi as the Polish A Game of Thrones?

88%

Kostrzewska-Adam K.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

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2019

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issue 7

251-268

EN

A Game of Thrones has reached Poland not only as a series but also as a novel. This, in turnhas led the Polish Author Elżbieta Chrezińska to publish a novel inspired by the work of GeorgeR. R. Martin. Cherezińska historical novel Korona śniegu i krwi, which digs seriously into the periodof Polish fragmentation from 1138–1320 and is now one of the most read Polish novels, has beenseen as a Polish response to A Game of Thrones. The question that arises is what the similarities anddifferences between the work by Martin and Cherezińska are? To what extend a novel inspired byEnglish history might be transferred to the Polish realities? Finally, what is the motivation for thisinspiration?

5

«Wernyhora» i «ukraiński step» jako polskie „lieux de mémoire”

88%

Brzezińska M.

Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

|

2015

|

vol. 8

34-42

EN

The aim of the article is to present figures of Ukrainian legendary bard Wernyhora and the Ukrainian Steppe as Polish places of memory according to the concept of French historian Pierre Nora. In this concept a place or figure can act as a transmitter of national common values or a center around which visions of the past can be formed. Places of memory (lieux de mémoire) are also special kinds of symbols because of their visual character. In the article I try to highlight this based on (mainly) literature of Polish romanticism. A visual character of both figures and its connection with Polish identity and historical discussions make them vital and important motif of Polish past and imaginary.

6

WIRTUOZERIA FORTEPIANU ANNY MARII STAŃCZYK NA WYSPACH

88%

Lewandowska-Tarasiuk E.

Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO

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2018

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issue 6

241-246

EN

The presented article deals with the mastery phenomenon of the pianist Anna Maria Stańczyk and it made an attempt to outline the originality of her concerto knowledge. Numerous examples of unforgettable concertos performed by this artist in the rst-class music halls in Poland and all over the world were quoted. Moreover, the article mentions Ms. Stańczyk’s brilliant initiatives aimed at promoting Polish culture, concertos in Warsaw in the Royal Park of Lazienki, famous events of Floralia in which young, foreign pianists participated. Undoubtedly, this is where both her Polish identity and her presence in the world culture are expressed.

7

Warsaw as a Formative Space of a Jewish-Polish Identity. A Case Study Based on Zygmunt Turkow’s Memoirs Fragmentn fun mayn lebn

75%

Nienartowicz A.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2021

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issue 11

135-141

EN

This article aims to sketch out the Jewish-Polish identity of a prominent Jewish actor and director, Zygmunt Turkow (1896–1970). A summary of the nature of Jewish identity is followed by a study of his memoirs Fragmentn fun mayn lebn [Fragments of My Life] (1951) from the period of 1896–1916. Drawing on Cultural Literacy (Segal 2014), the study focuses on the methods and thoughts of Roland Barthes ([1967] 1985) on urban space. The main section of this paper includes an overview of the places and institutions in Warsaw that Turkow mentioned in his memoirs. All the addresses are ascribed to four social categories (home and friends, religion, education, and freetime) and then discussed. The final section contains research conclusions on Turkow’s selfhood, his sense of Jewish and Polish identity, and his attachment to Jewish or Polish culture, as well as the defining characteristics of his Polish-Jewish/ Jewish-Polish self-identity. This article aims to explain the peculiar circumstances that contribute to the complexity of determining and investigating what can be considered as Jewish identity.

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SARMATYZM – PROJEKT NIEDOKOŃCZONY?

71%

Nakoneczny T.

Porównania

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2017

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vol. 21

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issue 2

EN

The article addresses the problem of the applicability of sarmatism, its ideology, sensitivity, lifestyle, etc., to the contemporary Polish identity discourse. The reference for the considerations is mainly the works of Jan Sowa and Ewa Thompson. The main idea of the article is that the treatment of sarmatism either as an autonomous project (Thompson) or as a recoverable identity (neosarmatism) is impossible and pointless. Any (re)interpretation of sarmatism should take into account the specific purposefulness that can be realized in a specific field (artistic culture, academic discourse, etc.).

PL

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie aplikowalności sarmatyzmu, jego ideologii, wrażliwości i obyczajowości etc., do współczesnego polskiego dyskursu tożsamościowego. Odniesieniem dla podjętych rozważań są głównie prace Ewy Thompson i Jana Sowy. Naczelna idea artykułu wyraża się w przekonaniu, że traktowanie sarmatyzmu jako projektu autonomicznego (Thompson) bądź jako formy tożsamości, którą da się zrestytuować (neosarmatyzm), jawi się jako bezcelowe. Każda (re)interpretacja sarmatyzmu powinna być obliczona na realizację w ramach określonej celowości (kultura artystyczna, dyskurs akademicki etc.).

9

Polish Aristocratic Identity as a Discourse of Ideology: A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach*

71%

Kvetina J.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2015

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issue 4

207-219

PL

Na przełomie XX i XXI wieku za dominujące podejście w badaniach tożsamości narodowej można uznać krytyczną analizę dyskursu (critical discourse analysis - CDA), zakładającą, że naród jest wyobrażalnym społeczeństwem utrzymywanym w sposób dyskursywny. Trzeba ponadto dodać, iż CDA łamie dotychczasowe wyobrażenie o dychotomii między narodami politycznymi a kulturalnymi, ponieważ uważa, że jest ona konstruktem zbudowanym przez rywalizujące partie narodowe. Jeżeli większość badaczy wykorzystujących CDA ogranicza swoje podejścia do nowoczesnego kontekstu XX wieku, należy postawić pytanie, czy i w jakim stopniu można stosować owe metody w badaniach przednowoczesnych tożsamości narodowych. Wyjaśnienie tej kwestii należy uznać za główny cel niniejszej pracy. Jako odpowiedni przykład wybrano polski naród szlachecki, gdyż jego elity zmuszone były do refleksji nie tylko nad utratą własnej państwowości i z nią związanej kwestii przyszłego rozwoju, lecz także nad przyczynami własnego niepowodzenia. Analiza starć pomiędzy konserwatywnymi interpretacjami narodu w XIX wieku powinna bowiem rozstrzygnąć, kto był przez ich pryzmat uważany za Polaka oraz w jakim stopniu owa tożsamość narodowa wywodziła się ze wzorców ideologicznych i dyskursywnych.

EN

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) can be considered the contemporary, dominant approach to the study of national identity, which presupposes that a nation is an imagined community which is produced and reproduced discursively. Moreover, CDA denies the traditional dichotomy between political and cultural nations, which is viewed solely as a purpose-built consequence of power. With regard to the fact that most researchers who use CDA limit their approaches to the modern context of the 20th century, it is desirable to ask to what extent one can apply methods of CDA to pre-modern national identities. The clarification of this issue should be deemed the main aim of this study, which holds that the Polish aristocratic nation is a convenient case for this kind of research, because its elites had to reflect not only the loss of statehood, and thus the programme of future desired development, but also the causes of previous failure. The analysis of the conflicts between conservative national attitudes during the 19th century should therefore define who was considered a Pole and to what extent national identity was based on ideological and discursive assumptions.

10

Politický dialog Łukasze Opalińského jako odraz ambivalentní tradice polského republikanismu

63%

Květina J.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2017

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vol. 115

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issue 4

1017-1045

EN

By the analysis of the particular political dialogue Rozmowa Plebana z Ziemianinem written by Łukasz Opaliński in the 17th century, this study aims to interpret the early modern concept of Polish identity within the framework of ancient tradition of a good commonwealth. Moreover, paying particular attention to the values of liberty, equality and legality, one is allowed to assume that the aforementioned Polish tradition resembles the attributes of European republicanism that were typical of distinctive Western European political thought of that time. Applying the methods of discourse analysis, it is possible to identify important and specific changes concerning Opaliński´s concept of a dialogue in comparison with an older Polish tradition of the same genre. Hence, one can claim that Opaliński´s fictional figures does not represent a typical clash between desirable and undesirable political ideas, but are supposed to reflect symbolic internal and indispensable ambivalence within the concept of Polish identity regarding specific interpretation of liberty, political equality and common good.

11

Wiara katolicka jako element tożsamości narodowej na wychodźstwie na przykładzie Polaków w Kazachstanie w latach 1936–1990

63%

Michalewski B.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2018

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vol. 27

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issue 3

149-174

EN

In the article entitled “Catholic Faith as an Element of National Identity in Exile on the Example of Poles in Kazakhstan in 1936–1990”, the importance of faith and Catholic religion in the preservation of the national identity of Poles who have been deported, and subsequent generations born and brought up abroad has been presented. The Catholic Church in its universality also contains certain elements brought by particular nationalities, thus contributing to the transfer of cultural and national values, as was the case with the Polish population deported by the Soviet authorities in the 30s and 40s of the twentieth century. The loyalty to the Catholic faith, passed on to next generations, contributed to the preservation of national identity by the young generations of Poles. Prayers, religious books, religious literature, as well as nativity plays, prayed and written in Polish, often became textbooks of the native language. Special devotion to the Mother of God and related to it services were another element of shaping Polish identity in the young generation. Especially older generations, namely grandparents and Polish priests operating in the Soviet Union, were particularly concerned about conveying Polish identity. It is their commitment that contributed largely to preservation of Polish identity and Catholic faith among the young generation despite ubiquitous atheization and russification.

12

“I will never be a Polish writer, yet I'm sure that's what I am”: Leopold Tyrmand's wrangling with his Polish identity

51%

Jaszczak P., Jaszczak P.

Ruch Literacki

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2020

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issue 2

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Kształtowanie polskości na łamach „Dziennika Kijowskiego” w latach 1914-1916

«Wernyhora» i «ukraiński step» jako polskie „lieux de mémoire”

Śródziemnomorskie kody polskości w twórczości Jana Parandowskiego

Korona śniegu i krwi as the Polish A Game of Thrones?

«Wernyhora» i «ukraiński step» jako polskie „lieux de mémoire”

WIRTUOZERIA FORTEPIANU ANNY MARII STAŃCZYK NA WYSPACH

Warsaw as a Formative Space of a Jewish-Polish Identity. A Case Study Based on Zygmunt Turkow’s Memoirs Fragmentn fun mayn lebn

SARMATYZM – PROJEKT NIEDOKOŃCZONY?

Polish Aristocratic Identity as a Discourse of Ideology: A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach*

Politický dialog Łukasze Opalińského jako odraz ambivalentní tradice polského republikanismu

Wiara katolicka jako element tożsamości narodowej na wychodźstwie na przykładzie Polaków w Kazachstanie w latach 1936–1990

“I will never be a Polish writer, yet I'm sure that's what I am”: Leopold Tyrmand's wrangling with his Polish identity