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1

PHYSICAL CLEANSING BIASES RECOGNITION PERFORMANCE FOR (IM)MORAL SOCIAL ISSUES

100%
Kaspar K., Jahn C.
Studia Psychologica
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2016
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vol. 58
|
issue 4
307 - 321
EN
Previous research showed that physical cleansing can affect moral judgements, indicating a functional link between the concepts of physical and moral purity. The act of cleansing one’s own hands was also found to influence cognitive processes beyond the moral domain. Overall, research suggests that physical cleansing can bias cognitive information processing. To investigate this assumption, we extended the hitherto scope in this research line and examined cleanliness effects on memory performance. For the first time, we scrutinized the effect of hand cleansing on the recall and recognition performance for (im)moral social issues. We found that cleansing produced a significant increase in participants’ memory for immoral versus moral social issues at the level of recognition performance, whereas free recall was not affected. This negativity bias occurred independently of whether cleansing was performed before or after the learning phase, indicating that cleansing has an effect on the retrieval of information from memory.
2

NORMATÍVNOSŤ POJMU UZNANIA

100%
Palovičová Z.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2007
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vol. 62
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issue 8
658-667
EN
The request of recognition is nowadays being raised under strongly varying conditions, as in the name of minorities, collective identities or within feminism. Still growing emphasis on the need of recognition is based on the assumption of the certain links existing between recognition and identity, where the identity is used to specify human self-understanding. The first part of the study tries to follow the argumentation in support of the social and cultural recognition theory. While interpreting this theory, the authoress focuses on the works of contemporary influential recognition theory of the philosophers, namely Ch. Taylor and A. Honneth. The second part of the study explores the relationship between the recognition of the collective identities and the ideal of individual autonomy.
3
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Kulturní obrat v konceptualizaci a výzkumu sociálních nerovností: od rozdělování k uznání

100%
Sanderova J.
Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)
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2007
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vol. 16/29
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issue 2
5-30
EN
This article concentrates on critical responses to the so–called cultural turn in the conceptualization and research of social inequalities, in which we can, inter alia, discern a shift of interest from the problem of distribution to the problem of recognition. In this context, the dispute about the justice of distribution and recognition, led by Fraser and Honneth, is discussed. From the sociological point of view Fraser put forward an analogy of an unsuccessful Lenski's attempt at synthesis of consensualist and conflictualist accounts of social order, whereas Honneth's conception resonated with the consensualist account of order, characterized by explicit emphasis on norms and normative consensus. The author of this article suggests that the resolution of this dispute about justice (or inequality) may be indicated in Lockwood's conception of the incongruence of the status and class order, which is, as is argued, closer to Honneth's approach to the problem. Lockwood's conception is extended here and employed in the argument, in which the author demonstrates that behind the increasing number of the so–called 'inadaptable' individuals within the societies of the EuroAmerican cultural area, which is endangering the integration of society, we can trace the attempt of the majority to sustain its privileged position through narrowing the definition of performance applicable at the labour market. The authoress thus, following Honneth's argument, comes to the conclusion that the threat to the integrity of contemporary society is to be thought of in terms of recognition and regards the cultural turn in the research of social inequalities in this context as valuable.
4

CAN WE UNDERSTAND EACH OTHER? ETHICS IN THE TIMES OF DIVERSITY

100%
Maciejewska M.
Etyka (Ethics)
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2006
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issue 39
87-98
EN
The main questions of the text are whether persons committed to different values can reach agreement, how they can achieve it, and what kind of ethics can be open to such an agreement if discrimination is to be avoided at the same time. Taking the discussion between R. Rorty and C. Geertz as the starting point, the authoress argues that we should abandon the concepts of ethnocentrism and relativism because they are ambiguous and that the crucial distinction runs between their different meanings. D. T. Meyers's ethics based on empathy and recognition is a solution to problems of diversity, both intra- and intercultural. It entails a radical change of ethical paradigm: an individualised approach to particular situations instead of general rules. But it can be applied only if the West gives up its claims to universality.
5
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SOCIÁLNY ŠTÁT AKO VÝSLEDOK BOJA ZA UZNANIE

88%
Garbarčík P., Polačková A.
Annales Scientia Politica
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2013
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vol. 2
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issue 2
50 – 53
EN
This article deals with a role of the welfare state as a middleman and a guarantor of basic social rights concerning socially disadvantaged groups. The main objective is to open a discussion regarding the role of welfare state in the process of recognition and social valuation of people impacted by poverty or social exclusion. Recognition theory of Axel Honneth, a representative of contemporary critical theory, has been used as a theoretical basis for this analysis.
6

KRITICKÁ KONCEPCE MEZINÁRODNÍHO USPOŘÁDÁNÍ. AXEL HONNETH O UZNÁNÍ MEZI STÁTY

88%
Hrubec M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 5
405-422
EN
The paper deals with the conception of international order as developed by Axel Honneth within his theory of social recognition. It is a reconstruction as well as an interpretation of the conception, showing the possibilities and limitations of its application on transnational and global levels. The first part sheds light on Honnet's moral realism with respect to its legitimacy. The second part focuses on the foundations of Honneth's conception of the international recognition. The third part discusses the need of international recognition as related to the political and cultural recognitions. The fourth part shows the insufficiencies of the conception of international recognition on the background of globalization on one hand and the individual/society relationship on the other. The fifth part deals with the transposition of Honneth's three patterns of recognition from the national level to international and transnational levels. In mapping the tendencies to transnational and global recognitions the sixth part focuses on the important transitory phenomenon of extraterritorial recognition. The hints for further analysis of the theory of recognition on transnational and global levels are given as well.
7

ESCAPING THE LABYRINTH OF ROMA POLITICAL REPRESENTATION. REFLECTIONS ON COMMON CITIZENSHIP

88%
Cortés Gómez I.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 4
436 – 451
EN
The paper reconstructs the genesis of contemporary debates on Roma rights in Europe, from the early 1990s up to now. It focuses on official documents and key experts’ opinions, within the context of the fall of State-Socialism and the consequent Europeanization of Human Rights. The assemblage of texts analysed here constitutes a complex field that embraces a multiplicity of institutions, individuals and discourses. In this field, texts are principle instruments of influencing and ruling politics, and they crystalize a complex process of policy institutionalization. By doing institutional discourse analysis, this paper examines the genesis of EU Roma policies pointing out two core antinomies: a) the ethnicity blind liberal concept of individual emancipation has proved to reproduce interethnic inequality, due to its incapacity to counter deeply root anti gypsyism as a mechanism of social exclusion. b) The ethno-communitarian concept of collective emancipation has revealed the limits of civic initiatives based on NGO-networks, while power differentials in democratic elected bodies and public institutions continue to be unaddressed. To overcome such antinomies, the paper explores different political scenarios, to enable pathways for Roma equality by enacting processes of common citizenship.
8

RECOGNITION OF EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS IN ALEXITHYMIA

88%
Martinez-Sanchez F., Fernández-Abascal E. G., Sánchez-Pérez N.
Studia Psychologica
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2017
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vol. 59
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issue 3
206 – 216
EN
Alexithymia is a personality trait which is associated with difficulties in identifying and verbalizing emotions. Previous studies have shown a significant association between alexithymia and a lack of ability to decode emotional facial expressions. Three groups of university students (N = 1645) were formed by splitting the sample based on Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) scores. All participants performed an emotional expression recognition task, using the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes’’ method. The experimenter presented images of the eye-region of the faces of actors and actresses. As expected, results showed that alexithymics performed worse on ability to infer others’ emotional states expressed by the eyes. These results suggest that alexithymia is associated with impaired emotion recognition, that is most apparent when processing capacity is restricted, high-alexithymic individuals could develop less detailed perceptual representations of facial expression which might impair the process of drawing conclusions about its emotional significance.
9

DIFFICULTIES WITH IDENTITY - ART OF SELFCREATION AND PROBLEM OF RECOGNITION (Potize s identitou - umeni sebetvorby a problem uznani)

75%
Roubal O.
Communication Today
|
2011
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vol. 2
|
issue 1
26-38
EN
A discourse of the term identity is very unambiguous in social sciences. However, there is a prevailing opinion that identity is a social construct which is characterised by plurality of identification relationships. Identity as a non-variable and stable quality of a man is in question and, on the contrary, it is understood as an ongoing process of constructing, defining and re-defining in the interaction of a man with the outer world. From the perspective of constructivism, the identity can be understood as the art of self-creation performed in concrete conditions of a social-cultural environment. In the era of late modernism the art of self-creation is being more significantly performed in the atmosphere of growing insecurity. Insecurity causes problems when building self-confidence, which complicates the process of creating a human identity. We, as consumers, experience certain insecurity when having to choose from a wide range of consumer goods and services. Uncertainty calls for a demand for the trust. Trust causes reduction of insecurity and supports self-confidence as a presumption of creating identity. In the world of consumerism and consumption significance, there is also a growing significance of trademarks and of sellers as possible sources of trust. These sources become an important part of consumers´ self-creation and they become a symbol of social recognition. The inability to participate in the consumers´ world and in the commercial entertainment may cause frustration and humiliation leading to unwanted socially pathological behaviour
10

K ROBLEMATIKE UZNANIA

75%
Šabíková K.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2009
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vol. 64
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issue 4
356-361
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the model of recognition as a substantial part of contemporary conceptions of justice. Its basis is the clarification of the theoretical background of the problem of recognition in the communitarian critique of liberalism. This critique embodies the dilemma of the relationship between equal approach (the principle of equality) and the recognition of differences. Attention is paid to the models of recognition in the theories of N. Fraser and A. Honneth and to how they can contribute to understanding the contemporary globalizing society.
11

CIRKULARITA V PRÁVE

75%
Bárány E.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
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2012
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vol. 95
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issue 2
109 – 124
EN
There are three kinds of circularity in legal systems: 1. Avoidable mistake of a legal regulation, when two or more legal norms refer mutually to each other. This situation is relatively common in times of legal (including constitutional) pluralism. 2. Complex system of mutual but mediated references and of „legal regulation of law“ (secondary rules). This kind of circularity is necessary in any developed legal system. 3. Rule of recognition is unavoidably a self-applying one. It is self-application results in a paradox and regres ad infinitim. It is a proof of necessity of some extralegal starting point for any legal system. The circulartiy forms one of the central tenants of autopoietic concept of legal system, but it is not only necessary for any developed legal system, it relativizes the ideas of (operative) closure of legal system because it shows the necessity of some extrolegal „starting point“ and continual base for any legal system.
12

The Era of Global Disputes and Mass Media Distortions: Dialogue on Recognition, Justice and Democracy

75%
BITTAR E.
Communication Today
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue 2
146-155
EN
The text focuses on a role which recognition, justice and democracy play in the era of global disputes and mass media distortions. It deals with problems of misrecognition, injustice and democratic deficit mainly from European and Latin American perspectives, particularly from the points of view of Central Europe and Brazil. It points out the issues of social and political justice, extraterritorial recognition, participation in economic and political democracy, especially concerning international and transnational legal frameworks.
13

Předpoklady interkulturní komunikace

75%
Hrubec M.
Communication Today
|
2014
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vol. 5
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issue 2
32–49
EN
The article deals with the issue of intercultural communication, especially concerning a potential for consensus among cultures by means of an intercultural dialogue on human rights. It is a contribution towards overcoming the confrontations among civilizations and to the eradication of the coercive imposing of human rights onto other cultures. The paper demonstrates that the intercultural promotion of human rights across individual cultures that recognize each other is one of the effective forms of resistance against people being misrecognized. However, this requires a formulation of human rights based on the values of individual cultures and the dialogue among them. The interpretation of the paper is a contribution to creating ‘unity in plurality’, i.e. a universality of human rights within the plurality of cultures.
14

THE CRITIQUE OF COMMUNICATIVE REASON. COMMUNICATIVE ACTION AND PERSONAL IDENTITY (A kommunikativ esz kritikaja. Kommunikativ cselekves es szemelyes identitas)

75%
Sik D.
Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)
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2009
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vol. 19
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issue 3
43-63
EN
The following essay is aimed at confining the scope of The Theory of Communicative Action apropos of the problem of personal identity. For Habermas the notion of personal identity may be derived directly from the conclusions of his social theory: it is the specific part of the lifeworld (the meanings connected to the self) reproduced via communicative action. As communicative action is the mechanism of social integration as well, it is impossible to describe theoretically a personal identity that is distinct from the social in the Habermasian approach. This problem is solved in the paper with the help of Foucault's ideas on social power and subjectivation. Foucault introduces a constitutive dimension of power: he originates the modem subject from the individualization of power relations. By examining the subject in its opposition to social power, he offers an opportunity to describe a personal identity that is distinct from the social. In the author's opinion, by approaching to the concept of communicative action from a Foucaultian perspective, certain elements of power in the series of speech acts (that is certain dogmatic language uses) may be introduced as the expressions of the opposition against the logic of action coordination referring to the contours of personal identity. These dogmatic language uses may be specified based on the Kohlbergian-Habermasian ideas on moral development. In these cases the dogmatic language use does not require emancipation as it refers to personal identity, in this sense it reveals the limits of the scope of communicative rationality. In the final part of the paper the recognition-theoretical presuppositions of personal identity are introduced.
15

PAMÄŤ, REKOGNÍCIA A OSOBNÁ IDENTITA V KLASICKEJ INDICKEJ FILOZOFII

75%
Rozemberg A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2018
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vol. 73
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issue 3
224 – 234
EN
The problems of the self (ātman) and personal identity over time were thoroughly analysed in the classical Indian philosophy. The Buddhist philosophers rejected the Brahmanical commitment to a permanent unitary self which persists through changes of body and mind, and held that the self is a mere conceptual or thought construction (prajñāpti): there is no reality in the self; when we look more closely at what we call ‘I’, we will find only a stream of perceptions. Contrarily, the orthodox (āstika) philosophers argue that many common phenomena like memory or recognitive perception (pratyabhijñā) could not take place, if the rememberer and knower were different. One must endure through time as the same identical subject to be able to remember, have desire, commitments, responsibility etc. In favour of the classical Brahmanical position the author argues that if a person is nothing more than a bundle of different fleeting psycho-physical states, none of them can be plausibly explained. The paper brings out also some connections between the Indian and the Western debates over the personal identity problem.
16

K OTÁZKE UZNANIA SLOVENSKÉHO ŠTÁTU (SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY) NÓRSKYM KRÁĽOVSTVOM, 1939 –1940

75%
Jakubec P.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2013
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vol. 61
|
issue 1
121 – 141
EN
A recognition is one of the legal acts which permit a new state to enter the international community as a full partner. It establishes normal relations between two states as a precondition of their mutual communication in politics, as well as in economics and other fields. Thus, swift recognition by as many states as possible is the first task of every newly established foreign ministry. As early as 15 March 1939, the Slovak foreign ministry notified its prospective counterparts about the birth of the Slovak State. The Norwegian foreign ministry was to make a stand on recognition. Due to the tense international situation on the eve of WWII, this turned into a lengthy process of consideration, complicated even more by the outbreak of the war in September 1939. Early in April 1940, Norway was about to give a de facto recognition. However, the Nazi invasion in the same month stopped the action, which, nonetheless, somewhat disturbed the initial contacts between Norwegian and Czechoslovak exile representations.
17

Komunikacia v spolocenskom kontexte - uznanie ako intersubjektivny predpoklad

63%
Solik M.
Communication Today
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2010
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vol. 1
|
issue 2
40-57
EN
A man lives in the world and the development of his personality is dependent on his environment. We are formed by individual cells of the society and the recognition is the way how they accept us, how we perceive ourselves. Our personalities, our identities are influenced by education offered to us by our environment which has been to some extend chosen by us, by educational system and legal environment. The others are significant to us - they influence the way we see the world and it is questionable how our own identities are influenced by us. We live in a world, which is dependent on a dialogue. Our perception of the world is not the only one and therefore we meet various perspectives how to look at different cultures and eventually on their rights, as well. In spite of us admitting individual differences, we accept antidiscrimination measures and laws that only get the bred in danger under protection but in no way do they create conditions for reasons why we should respect the others. In spite of us inspiring and enriching our perspectives, we only seek universal features which can eventually justify whatever of our interventions into cultures which we do not understand at all. A dialogue must be based on the recognition, including recognition of the rights.
18

HUMANITARIAN COMPONENT OF CONFLICTS AS THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE HUMANITARIAN EXPERTISE (Humanitarnyi komponent konfliktiv yak predmet humanitarnoi ekspertyzy)

63%
Ischenko Y.
Філософська Думка
|
2010
|
issue 2
97-105
EN
An integral approach towards an investigation of 'humanitarian composite' of conflicts, which is not reduced to sociological, psychological, legal, moral and other dimensions, is suggested in the article. To prove it, the author applies to the habitus theory of P. Bourdieu and to the instruments of phenomenological sociology, represented, first of all, by A. Schutz and T. Luckman, as well as to the moral conception of Ch. Taylor, in which human identity is regarded from the standpoint of moral orientation in social space. A thought, that an identity is created by means of liabilities and identifications, that constitute the framework for the space where the identities define their positions, is maintained. So, the issue of moral orientation cannot be solved by means of general terms. The thing we call the 'identity crisis' is an acute form of disorientation, and people often express within the terms of not-knowing who they are. From this standpoint, the definitions of 'humanitarian crisis', 'humanitarian catastrophe', 'humanitarian values', 'humanitarian assistance', 'humanitarian expertise', traditional for humanitarian analytics, are read in a new way. The latter should not be regarded as that, aimed to solve problems instead of a human, but as that, aimed to make a human to take a decision concerning his/her life independently and knowingly. Thus, the emphasis is transferred from an avoidable evaluation of possible risks and dangers to the human's possibility of independent partaking in the treatment of his/her 'disease' (liquidation of the mentioned risks and dangers) and 'good-bad' definition for his/her life, i.e. to achieve the condition, having a sense of a certain therapeutic effect.
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