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ESPES
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2017
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vol. 6
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issue 1
22 – 28
EN
The study deals with music works and art activities of Slovak music composers in emigration. The main focus is on the revealing the answers on ˊifˊ and ˊhowˊ are the works and activities reflected in the theoretical works of Slovak musicology and aesthetics. The analysis of the primary and secondary sources is aimed to reveal the measure of influence of the composers ́ leave on the theoretical works written about them – either negative, positive or silencing (ignorance, overlooking, etc.). The objective is to draw the attention on information gaps in reflection of activities and works of these composers as well as in common knowledge on the personalities and their input into Slovak music culture.
2
100%
Rocznik Lubuski
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2010
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vol. 36
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issue 1
95-101
EN
For university students, studying is not only the time of gaining knowledge and skills,but also an opportunity to develop one's own personality. It is also the time to search for answers to identity questions. To be effective in an educator's work, apart from subject and methodological competence, it is very important to grasp who we are and to form a habit of continually reflecting upon oneself. The studied future educators appreciate the importance of reflecting on their own identity and see its profound sense.
EN
Zygmunt Krasiński stayed in Geneva – with some intervals for trips to the Alps – for exactly one year, from 3 November 1829 to 3 November 1830. From the very first moment of his stay in the city, he became particularly fascinated with Lake Geneva (Léman). He watched it from the board of a steam ship and a sailing boat; he walked around it at night and went on boat trips during the day; he learned to swim in it so well that he managed to swim across it. He would write his literary works on its shores, would experience strong emotions, walking around it and becoming moved in the famous Chillon castle. Hence the amazingly frequent recurrence of descriptions of and reflections on the Léman in Krasiński’s letters to his father and in the works he wrote during that year. Krasiński discovered various aspects of the Léman’s beauty; descriptions of the lake were for him an important opportunity to hone his literary skills. In these concise descriptions, he used suggestive colour effects, aptly showing their changeability depending on the lighting of the lake surface; influenced by Mickiewicz’s poetry, he mastered the art of using the motif of the surrounding landscape reflected in the water. Krasiński treated the Léman not only as a subject of aesthetic contemplation, but also a source of entertainment and leisure. Whenever an opportune moment came and the weather was fine, Krasiński would go on a boat or steamship trip on the lake, would sail on it and even often would swim in it both during the day and at night. Significantly, he did not like steam boat cruises but loved sailing. For Krasiński describing the Léman was an excellent school of writing. His literary skills were not only formed but became mature both in short sketches and in the Diary, and perhaps primarily in the numerous letters to his father. Shortly before leaving the Léman, on 28 October 1830 Krasiński wrote a short poetic prose sketch in French entitled Adieu aux environs de Genève (A farewell to the environs of Geneva). The author realised that the stay on the Léman completed a period in his life and that this period was indeed important. A farewell is the fullest and perhaps artistically most mature expression of the author’s personal attitude towards the landscape and nature which the young poet came to treat as the closest friends. We could say that despite the great pathos, despite the clear and perhaps exaggerated exaltation, in this short sketch Zygmunt Krasiński achieved full psychological truth and, consequently, maturity as a Romantic writer.
EN
The spring poems (I 4, IV 7, IV 12) are very personal and true in Horace’s lyrical oeuvre. His actual fears and thoughts emerge here. The picture of spring stands as an amazing background for his reflections on the passing of time and on death. A good comparison is offered by the beginning of Eliot’s The Waste Land, which is without doubt modeled on Horace’s I 4. The rebellion against death in Ode I 4 is relived in his Odes IV 7 and IV 12, which were written later. In these odes death finds his acceptance and life, however short, is welcomed with joy, which is not overshadowed by his awareness of the end. The translation of these poems is preceded by a short introduction.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the necessity of developing social competence in counselors. The authoress assumes that reflection is a prerequisite for that development. Part one, entitled Reflectivity and the development of social competence, contains a theoretical substantiation of this thesis, an attempt at defining social competence and reflectivity on the basis of the literature. Also in this part, the authoress constructs a theoretical model of the development of competence basing it primarily on reflectivity. Part two of the text, entitled Improving counselor's social competence during classes with postgraduate students, contains a description of classes for counselors run by the authoress based on the aforementioned model of the development of competence. She relates in detail the progress of the classes along with students' responses, shares her own technique and describes tasks and methods used (very often devised by her).
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MORÁLNÍ DŮKAZ EXISTENCE BOHA PODLE KANTA

88%
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 1
1–29
EN
Human (non-intuitive) thinking continues either in the order of causality or in the order of finality. The order of causality submits the particular to the universal according to the category of cause, which is ultimately founded on the transcendental subject. The order of finality submits the particular to the universal according to the final end, which is not determined through any category, but freely presupposed through the capacity of judging (Urteilskraft) as the transcendental object (concretely: transcendent person). Neither reflection reaches its ground in the transcendental subject, nor does devotion reach its final end in the transcendental object. Therefore causal thinking achieves things only as appearances (phaenomena); the final judging is open to the noumenal reality, but does not fulfill the conditions of reflection and disappears in the unconsciousness. It is the task of human existence to unite both directions of activity, contemplation and action. This proposition cannot be realized through the power of humanity alone. The presupposition and the aim of the unity of humanity is God. The problem of the existence of God may be placed in these terms. This problem – theoretical and practical – is not only gnoseological, but existential, as well. This paper would like to find certain indications of this direction by Kant himself.
EN
This text reflects on the Fifteenth Divine Comedy International Theatre Festival in Krakow, which showcases the most interesting and most discussed Polish productions of the season. The author focuses on the socio-political context of the theatre productions, which is closely linked not only to the staging, but also to the festival itself. She introduces the crucial aspects of the socially dedicated activities of the previous years of the festival in the period after the 2015 parliamentary elections. The dramaturgy of the latest year of the festival layered tabooed topics and the selection of themes reflected the problematic socio-political situation. The paper contains critical reflections on some of the productions and monitors the topics connected with the festival productions as representatives of Polish theatre: taboo, responsibility, the procedurality of theatrical communication, theatre as a desacralized ritual, the (re-)politicization of theatre, configurations of the past and the contemporary, and the aesthetic aspects of a theatrical work.
EN
The myth about Narcissus is a fruitful ground for modern literature. The author singles out several key positions in the myth structure which create narcissistic discourses in literature and analyses narcissistic literary behavior and artistic paradigm: the type of personality, mirror conscience, pathological changes of the soul.
EN
The utilization of folklore elements in composed music was explored by Slovak musicologists and composers during the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Their views were published in monographs, historical syntheses, studies, and essays in periodicals and journals. Perspectives on the selection of folklore models and on the way of their utilization in musical compositions kept changing according to the various historical periods and the contemporaneous social and cultural situation. This study presents an overview of the perspectives of Slovak musicologists and composers on this issue within three concepts of working with folklore models: an aesthetic, a historical, and a theoretical-analytical one.
Studia theologica
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2010
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vol. 12
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issue 1
38-62
EN
The purpose of this article is to search the possibility of a ground of unconditioned truth and values, on the level of phenomenology. The transcendental reduction is insufficient to fulfill this charge, for she leads in an infinite return of reflecting. Yet, in the opposite way to the reflection, the transcendental subject goes out of itself in the devotion to the transcendent object (finally conceived personally). These two directions of intentionality determine themselves mutually. There is the place of unconditioned truth and values, not to reach in a perception, but in an act of astonishment or a kind of revelation.
EN
The research study deals with the occurrence and characteristics of counterfactual thinking (CT) in a sample of 456 nurses, and relationships between this type of thinking and personality - of its characteristics, those studied were anxiety, self-esteem, rumination, reflection, curiosity, aggressiveness and depressiveness. Results showed a higher CT occurrence and higher rumination and reflection level related to higher anxiety, the relation between CT frequency and level of self-esteem was not significant. CT as a help to possible future problem solving (representing the adaptive function of CT) is mentioned by up to 77.26% of nurses. This contribution (help) is related to a higher level of curiosity and reflection and a lower level of anxiety.
EN
This sketch presents important conceptions of reflectivity - including those of Anthony Giddens and Niklas Luhmann - as well as the developmental stages of the new interest in reflectivity, as opposed to reflection, on the grounds of sociology, and through sociology - in other social sciences as well. Subsequently, attention is drawn to radical reflectivity. Social theory based on the latter is a praxis theory, formulating opinions and beliefs, the propagation of which should lead to their confirmation as a result of their reflexive influence on social reality. Reflectivity is also a principle of relational social epistemology, which implies the necessity of analyzing various relational dimensions of the subject, as well as knowledge understood as a social process. The principle of radical reflectivity leads to pursuit of social theory as a multidimensional criticism of forms of knowledge and models of thinking about the world hitherto existing in European culture. In this search for critical distance, theology has also drawn the interest of reflective social theory.
EN
The article deals with the essence of pedagogical reflection as an incentive for the development of professional competences. The importance of pedagogical reflection in the educational activity of the future teacher-musicians is disclosed. A review of scientific approaches to the problem is given. Pedagogical reflection development modeling is viewed. The dynamic system of pedagogical reflection development is also shown. Its components are presented.
EN
The author compares various common or varying features of Slovak historiography in the period between 1991 and 2011. He points to the internal differentiation of views within Slovak historiography. These do not derive from expert aspects of basic scientific research, but more from different views on the purpose of historical work. He also devotes attention to the permanent tension between historiography and political elites, which usually seek in history pragmatic confirmation of their own views and aims.
EN
In this article, the authors focus on the need to improve the quality of the way in which teachers express themselves professionally and they discuss one of the methods of the voice development in educational communication - voice education as a psychosomatic discipline. At the theoretical level it is discussed primarily by means of an important stage in voice training - voice change - referred to a specific component of a person's Self-experience. Furthermore, the authors focus on the structure of reflection at different levels of psychological distance (Bullough) and in analogy to Zuska's conceptualization of aesthetic experience they differentiate between the levels of the reflecting Self and the reflected Self. To illustrate the theoretical description of the general principles associated with voice education which can be utilized in other human expression disciplines, they include excerpts from written reflections and transcribed conversations of students who completed the Voice and Speech Education as a Psychosomatic Discipline course at the Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice.
EN
The second lives of significant people, being remembered or not being remembered depend on a number of reasons and factors. They affect how and how often their lives and works are reflected on in the press, the re-editions are published and the commemorations and celebrations are held. The memories of the personalities seen by a national community as their representatives are some of the essential features of each nationalism. Such a memory is encouraged by commemorating them during various events and by placing them in the contexts reflecting the contemporary political needs. These needs have influenced the process of forming the individual layers of the memory of Ján Francisci (1822 – 1905), who was one of the leading figures amongst the national activists between the 1840s and the1890s. In case of Ján Francisci the most vivid memory is that of his appearance. Owing to several paintings capturing him in all the periods of his life, Francisci is usually presented as the epitome of the virtues of the Štúr generation, i.e. beautiful both in body and mind, dedicated to the national issues and the ideals of the national life. Another layer of the memory is related to his activities as the captain of the Slovak volunteers in the Revolution of 1848 – 1849. The credit he really deserves for the initiatives in the Memorandum movement, and establishing and managing the Matica slovenská is overshadowed by the memories of the first chairman Bishop Štefan Moyzes and the vice-chairman Karol Kuzmány, although the recorded agendas of the both national enterprises show a whole lot of organizational work done by Francisci. What is even less remembered is his organizational work in the student groups of the 1940s, although his leadership is accented it is usually only stated as a fact and left without argumentation. Similarly “poor” is the memory of his editorial activities in the Pešťbudínske vedomosti. The poorest is the layer of the memory of Ján Francisci´s activities during his Martin period of life, i.e. from the 1870s. He worked there as the manager of the Book Printing joint stock association organized the publishing of the literature in Slovak but this wide range of activities has not become part of the memory of Ján Francisci. The article draws attention to the selective and potentially manipulative approach, which is a side effect of the process of forming the memories of the personalities who are seen as the creators or the characters of the story of the nation.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 1
27 – 37
EN
The paper discusses Kierkegaard’s account of faith as ‘the new immediacy’. After considering the term ‘immediacy’ with respect both to its ambiguity and to the different ways in which it can be used, i.e. as an epistemological assumption and as an ontological assumption, the author will argue that this very distinction can provide a hermeneutic key for an understanding of Kierkegaard’s account of faith.
EN
This article deals with the Antoine Berman's theory of translation, who is one of the most famous French theorists of translation. The authoress tried to show how his theory has evolved. Berman developed an original concept of 'criticism of translation' and a methodology to anchor the practice of the criticism. She demonstrated how the work of translation is a critical process as well as a creative one. Berman's works are fundamental texts in translation studies, because Berman applied the notion of ethics and called for a translation that is non-ethnocentric and stipulated that the creativity required by work of translation is focused on the recreation in the other language without being over-determinate by the personal poetics of the writer-translator. Berman achieved a rare combination of hermeneutic and stylistic analysis of commentary on the original and analysis of its translations, giving the reader access both 'to the language of the original - to the way in which poetry and thought are deployed - and to the actual work of translation'. We can read Berman's works like they was divided into two separate but interlinked parts, each focused on one element of the ethics of translation: theory (reflection) and practice (experience).
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