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EN
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the quality of regional development in powiats in the Małopolskie Voivodship. For this purpose, the Regional Development Index, based on aggregation of the Principal Component Analysis results, was proposed. The development of the region includes quantitative changes in the economy (in production, investment, and employment) and qualitative changes (in the structure of the economy and society), so the values of the development index were also calculated separately for the area of ​​economic, social and ecological development. The calculated value of the development indicator for each powiat made it possible to rank the regions of the Małopolskie Voivodship and to analyse changes in their level of development.
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EN
This article was drafted on the basis of results of a direct study. Its aim was to assess the activity of foreign investors in the region of Lodz. The study, among others, focused on: the structure of FDI, motives of its location in Poland and in the voivode-ship of Lodz, factors encouraging and discouraging from the continuation of operations in the region, human resources management and effects of investment. The main aim of this article is to identify and evaluate the motives of location of FDI companies in Lodz region.
EN
1. Purpose The authors of this article make an attempt at verifying the usefulness of the foresight concept in instituting favorable conditions for socio-economic regional development, particularly based on the West Pomeranian voivodeship. 2. Methodology Based on European and Japanese foresight experiences, the authors made an evaluation of the program effects in the West Pomeranian voivodeship, both in terms of 'rigid' outcomes (i.e. reports, technological knowledge) and 'soft' outcomes (i.e. values). The latter turned out to have the most significant effects. Moreover, socio-economic development conditions of the region were analyzed together with the expectations of regional leaders regarding the conditions that lead to individual commitment to regional development, cooperation and responsibility. The data for the analysis was gathered during a focus group discussion and supplemented by survey results. 3. Findings A comparison of the foresight program outcomes with the expectations of regional leaders indicated that foresight is a desirable form of support for the development of the West Pomeranian voivodeship. 4. Originality The originality of the paper rests on the related long-term Japanese experience in applying foresight and the obtained results through this method in terms of socio-economic needs of the West Pomeranian voivodeship were defined during the focus group discussion. The authors showed the potential of using foresight not only as a method of developing directions for the development of regional innovation policy but also as a method that supports forming adequate conditions for socio-economic regional development.
EN
The paper presents a reflection on a part of the research conducted for a doctoral dissertation entitled Educational Conditions of Regional Development (Based on Research of Roznowskie Lake Commune Associate). The author attempts to draw attention to the opportunities offered by the Internet Network in developing rural milieus. Interviews, observations and analyses of selected websites conducted during the research helped to discover the importance of the Internet access and the need for ICT education. Moreover, the author presents the diverse character of the Internet – websites, e-learning centers, newsletters, etc. Basing on the literature of the subject (by Ewa Solarczyk-Ambrozik among others) the first part of the paper provides information about the local development of villages, and presents the issue of education. The second part concerns educational forms of web activities undertaken by village residents. The author, for example, raises the subject of useful websites. The third part features some information on web-based information bulletins referred to as newsletters. Finally, the author summarizes potential ways of the Internet access along with the resulting opportunities. All this leads to the conclusion that the development of rural milieus is impossible today without computerization, ITC education and providing village residents with the Internet access.
EN
This analysis conducted between 1997 and 2001 captures the spatial structure of the Hungarian economy at the turn of the millennium, through a wide-ranging, comprehensive system of indices. Based on analysis of the connections expressed in the figures, the authors examined what relationship could be shown between development and infrastructure, and what sub-regions and regions emerge as relatively developed or backward according to the broadly interpreted system of indices employed.
EN
Empirical evidence is growing which shows that social capital contributes to economic development on local and regional scales, and is an ubiquitous component and determinant of progress in many kinds of development projects and an important tool for poverty reduction. Today, the importance of social capital for the economy is undisputed. Many scientific papers have been written on this subject but missing are papers on tools and ways to stimulate and develop social capital. This paper makes such an attempt.
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the similarities and differences between the individual provinces of the functional region of Eastern Poland. Special emphasis was placed on compar-ison of the areas which were qualified as strategic ones in the updated version of the Strategy for Socio-economic Development of Eastern Poland until 2020. To compare the level of economic development, the innovative potential, labour resources, quality of human capital, and the development of transport infrastructure in the individual provinces, Hellwig’s taxonomic measure of development and Ward’s agglomeration combinatorial method were used. This made it possible to identify which of the areas under analysis can be regarded as a relatively homogeneous sphere of intervention and which require an individual approach.
EN
The primary objective of this paper is to present theoretical foundations, principles of operation and the benefits resulting from efficiently functioning innovative integration relations which are cluster structures. This study attempts to assess the impact of above-mentioned forms of relations on regional and local development, as well as to indicate the conditions for development of these relations in the face of ongoing globalization processes. Clusters play a particularly important role in the context of increasing innovation across the whole economy. Moreover, thanks to their often considerable clout they are able to influence the shape of economic law, the formal institutional framework of functioning of economy. Cluster structures can be a stimulant of many positive changes, especially towards the development of advanced integration processes, as well as an effective regional and trans-regional development, and, finally, an increase of the competitiveness at global level.
PL
Podstawowym celem niniejszego opracowania jest prezentacja teoretycznych podstaw, zasad funkcjonowania oraz korzyści płynących z efektywnie funkcjonujących innowacyjnych powiązań integracyjnych, jakimi są struktury klastrowe. W opracowaniu podjęto próbę oceny wpływu ww. form powiązań na rozwój regionalny i lokalny, jak też wskazania uwarunkowań rozwoju tych związków w obliczu zachodzących procesów globalizacji. Klastry odgrywają szczególnie ważną rolę w kontekście zwiększania innowacyjności całej gospodarki. Ponadto dzięki swojej często znaczącej sile przebicia są w stanie oddziaływać na kształt prawa gospodarczego, instytucjonalno-formalne ramy funkcjonowania gospodarki. Struktury klastrowe mogą być stymulantem wielu korzystnych zmian, zwłaszcza w kierunku rozwoju zaawansowanych procesów integracyjnych, jak również efektywnego rozwoju regionalnego, ponadregionalnego czy wreszcie wzrostu konkurencyjności na poziomie globalnym.
EN
In the process of strategic planning the strategy of development as well as applications realizing it are formulated. Planning is the basis for preparing and taking decisions referring to principles, trends and the pace of far-reaching development. Elaboration of the strategy of regional development management is the undertaking of large scale complexity. It comprises decisions referring to development perspectives, formulating purposes and determining (choice) the methods of their realization, analysis of social and political conditions, collecting and processing the information. Conditioning of defining the strategy has a versatile character. None of the above-mentioned areas can be regarded as less important. The purpose of this study is to attempt to identify basic problems of forming the strategy of regional development management. The study contains a brief description of planning regional development on the basis of the literature of the subject, and then empirical verification of the accepted hypothesis. Considerations and based upon them conclusions can be useful in working out the strategy of regional development management.
EN
Need of functioning of national economy on the principles of a sustainable development, cause the necessity of budgetary and tax regulation of level of financial and strategic adaptability of regions. It is caused by limited financial resources and inefficient using budgetary funds. It requires a process improvement of state regulation. In article types and the directions of use of budgetary and tax instruments of regional development are considered. The mechanism of financial security of the region in the conditions of environmentally oriented development are investigated. Its advantages and disadvantages are analysed. The essence of the concept "financial and strategic adaptability", its role and importance in the development of policy of financial security of the region are proved. Approach to improvement of the mechanism of regulation of environmentally oriented regional development by tax incentives which will promote development of effective state financial policy is offered.
EN
Globalization is the major challenge the economies of all countries currently face. The process of globalization, however, does not exclude an economy of strong regional and local character. The regions and their development became subject to the rules of market economy and free competition. However, the mechanism of an open market has a lot of limitations which consequentially leads to occurrence of so-called market failure the manifestation of which are differences in regional development constituting grounds to allow for intervention of a country within the framework of regional policy. Special economic zones are a form of state interventionism in Poland. Development of clusters is one of the concepts the operation of SEZs in Poland is currently based on. The aim of this article is to present factors conditioning emergence and development of clusters in Polish SEZs. In the article, the theoretical issues connected with subject matter of a region, regional policy, clusters as well as emergence and functioning of special economic zones were discussed. In further section of the article a characterization of Polish economic zones was conducted and results of their functioning in the context of their impact on emergence and development of clusters were presented.
EN
Recently, there is a lot of talk about quick changes and rapid dynamics in the progress of knowledge as well as in the requirements in education. The core question that needs to be addressed while coping with these demands seems to be astonishing neglected in Germany, and in particular this applies to the issue of needs analysis and curriculum development. At the same time the decreasing number of students actively involved in further education shows that the process of needs analysis is far from satisfactory and the offer does not meet the expectations. In the paper, the authoresses discuss the complex character of the issue and present a pilot project, which deals both with the new theoretical approaches to the question of curriculum design and shows how they can be applied at the practical level. Meeting the expectations of students, satisfying particular requirements and creating appropriate learning opportunities involves a complex negotiation process. Particular contents areas are subjected to a thorough analysis of expectations, interests and the ability of the participants performed in cooperation with local partners. The general action plan developed on the basis of the analysis is at the next stage elaborated, linked with particular suggestions and translated into changes in the curriculum. The aim is to identify, interpret, classify and reflect upon particular stages in the process form the point of view of their arrangement and application and eventually generate efficient and transferable models.
EN
The problems of forming ecological-and-economic space reflecting the interests of regional development were elucidated. Some ecological problems of the Zhytomyr region have been studied and sources of anthropogenic loading on the environment have been found. The comparative analysis of gross regional development with regard to the rates of the region's airspace pollution has been conducted. The paper substantiates the suggestions concerning the product of the regional ecological-and-economic space in which socio-economic and ecological problems of territories are to be harmonized.
EN
The paper discusses the changes in the objectives of EU regional policy that have occurred over the last sixty years. The author analyses the priorities of regional policy in every programming period, geo-graphical eligibility criteria which determine financial support for particular regions and the funds used for implementing this policy. A synthetic assessment of the aforementioned issues allows the author to trace the evolution of EU regional policy from its inception to the present, with regard to the changes pro¬posed by the European Commission for the new program¬ming period.
EN
In the era of globalisation an acceleration in the economic growth of problem regions and, especially, of rural areas, is being achieved through a rise in the innovativeness and competitiveness of such types of economic activity that are fostered by local comparative advantages. Improvement in the local economy is stimulated, among other things, by modern organisation of economic activity in the form of clusters.The main aim of this article is to prove that the presence of cluster structures in a given area increases the probability of the emergence of local economic effects conducive to economic growth, i. e. the effects of co-operation and economic integration, the external effects of scale and internal synergistic effects as well as the multiplier and accelerator effects. The authoress has conducted an analysis of four rural regions, namely of the State of Minnesota in the USA, the Finnish region of Oulu and two regions of Chile, in which the organisation of production in the form of clusters - both of hi-tech and traditional industries, proved an effective instrument of accelerating economic growth.
EN
The transformation of the economies of the Central and Eastern European states was on the regional level very significantly connected with the differential tendencies. In all new EU member states there has been from the beginning of the 90s to date a continuous deepening of the regional disparities on the economic level. The regional disparities result from a number of the economic, social and geographical factors. This article is a contribution to the studies of regional differentiation in the new EU member states. The goal of this study is to clear up the actual trends and major factors of regional growth and differentiation of the new EU member states.
EN
The article assesses the level of economic internationalisation and the socio-economic development of Poland’s regions and determines the correlations between the two phenomena. The analysis is based on several indices divided into ten components characterising the processes of internationalisation and socio-economic development. Instead of the standard procedure for verifying the preliminary list of indices (mostly based on correlation indices), a simulation has been used – 10,000 sets of random chosen indices to calculate the composite indices for each component. The final composite measures have been calculated as the mean of those 10,000 composite indices. This procedure allowed the authors to identify the differences in final results of analysis emerging from different sets of indices taken to assess the composite measures.
EN
Clusters, the geographic concentration of economic activities in a specific field connected through different types of linkages, are increasingly viewed as an interesting conceptual tool to understand the economic strength or competitiveness. In recent years, this view has also motivated more and more policy makers to turn to cluster-based concepts as new tools to strengthen both national and regional economies. The article is structured in the following ways: section 1 presents basic notion and historical background about clusters; section 2 provides main approaches towards the cluster policy. Section 3 is focused on the cluster policy in the Europe and section 4 examines the cluster policies and initiatives across six different countries of the European Union. The conclusion gives the overview of the cluster policies stage in the selected countries and refers to the possibility to improve them.
EN
The scope and variety of the industrialisation processes occurring in Europe have a regional dimension and are closely related to the economic potential of particular regions. Industrial regions have greater economic potentials than agricultural ones. Certain development opportunities might be provided by the regionalisation and decentralization taking place in the EU member states since the 1980s, as well as by reforms of common structural policy, with their focus on strengthening the role of regions in the European economy. The purpose of the paper is to analyse the financial aspects of the process and to address the question whether Polish regions possess adequate financial potential to actively engage in regional development. The author identifies the most important endogenous and exogenous sources of regional development funding, with particular attention to European Union resources.
EN
The study is a summary of the findings of a research carried out in September 2003 - April 2004 by the West Hungarian Research Institute of the Centre for Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, commissioned by the West Transdanubian Regional Development Council. The objective of the research was the foundation of an integrated regional level development policy that contributes to the significant expansion of the co-operation among the West Transdanubian Regional Development Council and the sectoral deconcentrated organs, and to the coordinated and efficient use of the EU and Hungarian resources available for the region in the 2004-2006 period. In the framework of the research we surveyed what sectoral and regional development resources arrived at the region of West Transdanubia in 2000-2003, which elements of the regional programme and to what extent were financed from these resources, what the distribution mechanism of the resources was like and what steps the stakeholders made in order to coordinate the resources.
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