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FROM FRONTIER ORIENTALISM TO TRANSNATIONAL COMMUNITIES: IMAGES OF THE TATARS IN MODERN ROMANIAN LITERATURE

100%
Terian A.
World Literature Studies
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2018
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vol. 10
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issue 1
50 – 62
EN
This article is both an analysis of the image of Tatars in modern Romanian literature (c. 1830–1948) and a theoretical reflection on the manner in which, in some Central and Eastern European literatures, such as the Romanian one, “frontier Orientalism” (Andre Gingrich) contributed to the creation of transnational communities. Thus, although the Tatars are not very frequently depicted in Romanian literature, they have acquired a pivotal function here. In contrast to the image of Oriental Muslims in the Western area of Central and Eastern Europe, which tends to polarize along the ethical axis of good vs. evil (e. g., the Bosnian vs. the Turks), Tatars have an ambiguous function in modern Romanian literature, caused both by their Orientalization as a Muslim Other and by the discovery of various ethnic similarities with the Romanians, generated by their common status of “small(er) nations”.
2
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ROMANIAN LITERATURE FOR THE WORLD: A MATTER OF PROPERTY

100%
Terian A.
World Literature Studies
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2015
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vol. 7 (24)
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issue 2
3 – 14
EN
Starting from the recent developments in the fields of transnational studies and world literature, this article analyses the presence of Romanian literature in the world and its specific manner of relating to the world. Thus, the author ś paper consists of three parts. The first part approaches, in short, the way in which Romanian culture envisaged national literature, world literature and the relationship between the two over the past two centuries. The second part is an attempt to systematize the manner in which Romanian literature asserted its presence in the world until now, by identifying four successive waves of its dissemination beyond national borders. Finally, the third part of the article poses a new approach toward the problem, meant to contribute to a better understanding and, at the same time, an improvement of the presence of Romanian literature in the world.
3
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UNCOMFORTABLE SPACES: LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY IN HERTA MŰLLER Ś WORK

100%
Mironescu D.
World Literature Studies
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2015
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vol. 7 (24)
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issue 2
60 – 70
EN
The problem of identity in Herta Műller ś work presents the reader with a number of difficulties. First, there is complicated mix of Romanian and German culture of the region of this author ś upbringing. However, because of her experience of trauma and painful testimonies from a family consumed with guilt during a time of state oppression, Műller refrains from choosing a singular version of cultural identity as a representative for the individual, and neither does she opt for a definition of personal identity as something isolated, self-sufficient and untainted by the other ś collective identity. This article addresses the question of identity in Herta Műller ś works using the multiple, almost obsessive references to (Romanian) language and culture in her work. First, the German author ś intertextual connections to Romanian literature are explored. The second part of the article is concerned with Műller ś poetics and her reflections on language. The space between languages becomes an apt metaphor for a fragmented and troubled identity, which is more the result of chance than of choice. Her encounter with Romanian language is a decisive cognitive experience whereby the write becomes fascinated by the divergences between words and things. Living in an oppressive, dictatorial regime means assimilating that space with a culture of violence that can only be exorcised later, through a resort to the critique of nationalist clichés in her Romanian volume Este sau nu est Ion (To Be or Not To Be Ion, 2005). Since culture is defined as plural and ambiguous, it appears that the space of identity is neither inside one culture, nor outside all of them.
4
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TRANSCULTURALITY IN ROMANIAN LITERARY HISTORIES: THE CASE OF THE LITERATURE FROM MOLDOVA

100%
Kenderessy E.
World Literature Studies
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2022
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vol. 14
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issue 3
79 - 95
EN
The Romanian literary-historical reception of the literature written in the Romanian language from the Republic of Moldova is an indicator of (trans)cultural tendencies, but it also expresses the ideological and political attitudes of its authors. This is because it is the literature of a culture that historically has been part of different cultural and power spheres: the Moldavian princely (from the Middle Ages to 1812), the Russian tsarist (1812–1920), the “Greater Romanian” (1920–1940, 1941–1944), the Soviet (1944–1991), and finally the autonomous Moldovan. In the present study, using the examples of three Romanian and two foreign (Slovak and Czech) literary-historical narratives on Romanian literature, I attempt to show how their authors approached the question of the inclusion/non-inclusion of literature, written in Romanian, from Moldova (as well as Moldavia), and to describe the mechanisms behind the formulation of these attitudes and their changes.
5
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CULTURAL TRIANGULATION IN ROMANIAN TRAVELOGUES TO CHINA UNDER COMMUNISM

88%
Terian A.
World Literature Studies
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2019
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vol. 11
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issue 2
16 – 30
EN
This article highlights the heuristic usefulness of “cultural triangulation”, a concept attempting to exceed the dominant schemata for the analysis of intercultural relations in current comparative cultural studies, which are generally limited to binary mechanisms of the type (culture) A “sees”/constructs/influences/dominates (culture) B. In contrast to this reductionist tendency, I argue that all (inter)cultural processes have an ideologically filtered nature and consequently imply the mediation of the relationship between A and B via an intermediary C, to which various roles are assigned (e. g., to hide/alter/compensate/reverse various power relations, which are under no circumstances obvious or inevitable). My study explores the dynamics of this mechanism of cultural triangulation by analysing some of the most representative travelogues to China written by Romanian authors during the communist era: G. Călinescu’s Am fost în China Nouă (I’ve Been to New China, 1955), Eugen Barbu’s Jurnal în China (Chinese Diary, 1970), and Paul Anghel’s O clipă în China (One Moment in China, 1978).
6
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COGNITIVE CARTOGRAPHIES IN LIVIU REBREANU’S “FOREST OF THE HANGED”

88%
Bako A.
World Literature Studies
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2022
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vol. 14
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issue 4
78 – 90
EN
The study proves the fact that between literature and knowledge there is a double exchange of influence, the former offering a manner of acting when confronted with extreme situations, and the latter offering valuable documentary data essential for the anchoring of the reader in the narrative action. The formation of cognitive cartographies is studied in the Romanian novel Forest of the Hanged (1922) by Liviu Rebreanu, which brings up various key elements for our study: World War I in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the inter-imperial issue which influenced the geopolitical and cultural situation, but also the analysis of cognitive cartographies generated by “phantom borders”.
7
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MÝTUS “TVORCU” A JEHO “TVORBY” PODĽA LUCIANA BLAGU A MIRCEU ELIADEHO

75%
Páleníková J.
World Literature Studies
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2012
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vol. 4 (21)
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issue 2
28 – 40
EN
The study deals with the myth of a “creator” and his “creation” in two dramatic texts by two Romanian authors: Lucian Blaga´s Master Manole and Mircea Eliade ś Endless Pillar. Both authors found inspiration in the folk ballad Master Manole which deals with the myth of the human creation and the necessity of self-sacrifice. The dramas Master Manole and Endless Pillar, each of them in its own way, introduce the creator controlled by his own work desiring to detach itself from him. Thus it becomes for them the destructive power, as well as the way which can lead them to permanence and sacredness. Mircea Eliade studied myths also from the scientific point of view. That is why the introductory part has been devoted to the general issues of myths and their role in the spiritual life of Romanian people. The second part of the study concentrates on the specific features and symbolic character of each individual text and it is an attempt to define their common, unifying elements other than the common topic.
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