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Z działalności Rady Opiekuńczej w powiecie przemyskim i jarosławskim

100%

Tłuczek R.

Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL

2008

vol. 4

issue 1 Prawo

171-183

In the article – in a general outline – the organization and work are presented of the Welfare Council in the Przemyśl and Jarosław Districts during the Nazi occupation. In February 1940 the Central Welfare Council (RGO) was established in Warsaw and it formed Town Welfare Councils (ROM) and District Welfare Councils (ROP). In July 1941 – at the authorities' order – the name was changed to Polish Welfare Committees (Pol.KO). In country gminas (communes) and in town dzielnicas (quarters) its branches were formed. In the autumn of 1942 61 committees and 1310 branches worked. In Przemyśl – divided into two parts: the German one and Soviet one – the occupation authorities banned all the Polish charity organizations, except the Ladies’ Committee of the Polish Red Cross that worked until the end of September 1939. Like in other towns, the Polish Welfare Committee, the Ukrainian National Committee and the Jewish Council of Elders were established. In August 1941 a branch of RGO was formed in South Przemyśl, that was autonomous until it was combined with the Zasanie (a quarter of the town) branch, which happened on 12 January 1942. Also Jarosław was divided into two zones: German and Soviet (also here the River San was the border). The Polish Welfare Committee was established on 9 November 1940. The work of Welfare Councils in the Przemyśl and Jarosław Districts was first of all based on the subventions transferred by the RGO in Krakow and on local government subventions. Also donations from the local community members played a great role here. The main task of both Welfare Councils was to aid the poorest people, orphans, sick ones and prisoners of war. In a short time – which should be especially emphasized – popular kitchens, school kitchens, kitchens for refugees and places where food was given out were organized. Food, clothes and coal were distributed among the most needy people. Within the efficiently working structure there were also welfare institutions for children and adults. The work of welfare councils in the areas of the Przemyśl and Jarosław Districts deserves the most profound respect and recognition.

Ochronki w Królestwie Polskim w świetle akt Rady Głównej Opiekuńczej (1832-1870)

71%

Partyka W.

Roczniki Pedagogiczne

2021

vol. 13(49)

issue 1

139-147

The main aim of the article is to show the contribution of the Central Welfare Council (1832-1870) to the organization of protection for children in the Polish Kingdom in the 19th century. Due to the destruction of the majority of the Council’s files during the Second World War, the research is based only on the residual team found in the collection of the Main Archive of Old Files in Warsaw. The preserved records show that the CWC tried to supervise the protection activities in the Kingdom of Poland and mobilized local philanthropists to establish new ones. At the same time, it took care to maintain certain standards as to the premises and financial security of the planned protection. The CWC attached great importance to the fact that the functions of guardians were entrusted to trustworthy people, whose primary goal was the welfare of children. All abuses were eliminated. In the 1860s, in the Kingdom of Poland, there were several dozen or so guardianships for children, while on a mass scale they started to be established at the beginning of the 20th century. The CWC, which had previously prepared the ground for this type of activity, certainly had considerable merit in this respect.

Głównym celem artykułu jest próba ukazania wkładu Rady Głównej Opiekuńczej (1832-1870) w organizację ochron dla dzieci na terenie Królestwa Polskiego w XIX wieku. Z powodu zniszczenia większości akt RGO w czasie II wojny światowej badania oparte są jedynie na szczątkowym zespole znajdującym się w zbiorach Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie. Z zachowanych akt wynika, że RGO starała się nadzorować działalność ochron w Królestwie Polskim i mobilizowała lokalnych filantropów do zakładania nowych. Dbała przy tym o zachowanie pewnych standardów co do lokalu czy zabezpieczenia finansowego planowanej ochrony. Dużą wagę RGO przykładała do tego, aby funkcje opiekunów powierzano osobom godnym zaufania, których celem było przede wszystkim dobro dzieci. Wszelkie nadużycia starano się eliminować. W latach 60. XIX wieku na terenie Królestwa Polskiego funkcjonowało kilkanaście ochron dla dzieci, natomiast na masową skalę zaczęły one powstawać na początku XX wieku. Z pewnością spore zasługi w tym zakresie miała RGO, która przygotowała wcześniej grunt pod tego typu działalność.

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1 Roczniki Pedagogiczne

1 Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL

1 Partyka W.

1 Tłuczek R.

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Z działalności Rady Opiekuńczej w powiecie przemyskim i jarosławskim

Ochronki w Królestwie Polskim w świetle akt Rady Głównej Opiekuńczej (1832-1870)