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EN
The negotiations are an inseparable part of the real estate buying and selling process. Currently real estate are characterized by the intensive creation and use of information, knowledge and automation (software, knowledge and decision support systems, neural networks, etc.) applications. It is commonly agreed that a better integration of information, knowledge and automation applications, as well use of voice stress analysis (one of biometric technologies) might be an efficient mean for decision making in real estate negotiations. Voice stress analysis can help the negotiators to distinguish between truth and lies, improve the value of decisions made, significantly speed up real estate sector processes, help to reach a better real estate sales and purchase agreement terms and decrease the overall cost of real estate search and negotiation processes. The authors' objective is to improve the quality and efficiency of decision support systems. The article analyses scientific research related to negotiations and presents the developed Web-based Real Estate Multiple Criteria Negotiation Decision Support System with integrated voice stress analysis- a new generation of Decision Support Systems.
LT
Derybos yra neatskiriama nekilnojamojo turto pirkimo ir pardavimo proceso dalis. Dabartiniam nekilnojamojo turto sektoriui būdingas intensyvus informacijos, žinių ir automatizavimo naudojimas bei kūrimas (programinė įranga, žinių ir sprendimų paramos sistemos, neuroniniai tinklai ir pan.). Sutariama, kad geresnis informacijos, žinių, automatizavimo, taip pat balso streso analizės (biometrinės technologijos) integravimas pagreitina nekilnojamojo turto sektoriaus veiklą. Balso streso analizė gali padėti derybininkams atskirti, kada sakoma tiesa, o kada meluojama, padidina priimamų sprendimų naudingumą, paspartina nekilnojamojo turto paieškos ir derybų procesus, padeda pasiekti naudingesnių pirkimo ir pardavimo sutarties sąlygų bei sumažina nekilnojamojo turto paieškos ir derybų proceso kainą. Straipsnio autoriai, siekdami pagerinti sprendimų paramos sistemų kokybę ir efektyvumą, analizuoja mokslininkų atliktų derybų srities tyrimų rezultatus ir pristato sukurtą nekilnojamojo turto derybų internetinę sprendimų paramos sistemą su integruota balso streso analizės technologija kaip naujos kartos sprendimų paramos sistemą.
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EN
The authors of this paper participated in the European Union's Sixth Framework Programme project Intelligent Cities (INTELCITIES, 2005). One of INTELCITIES's goals (on the Lithuanian side) was to develop a Real Estate's Knowledge and Device-based Decision Support System (KDDSS-RE). Major KDDSS-RE functions include creating and maintaining customer's personalized real estate objectives, preferences, and evaluation criteria; participation of various stakeholders (buyers, sellers, brokers, etc.) in joint determination of criteria (criteria system, values and weights) defining real estate; market signalling, provide device-based data about indoor microclimates and allergens causing allergy in buildings; searching for real estate alternatives, finding alternatives and making an initial negotiation table, completing a multiple criteria analysis of alternatives, making electronic negotiations based on real calculations, determining the most rational real estate purchase variant, and completing an analysis of loan alternatives offered by certain banks. The authors of the present research have suggested the idea to integrate knowledge-based, devices-based and decision support systems. In order to demonstrate the integration decision support, knowledge and devices systems in the real estate sector a Real Estate's Knowledge and Devices-based Decision Support System have been considered in the paper as an example.
LT
Šio darbo autoriai dalyvavo šeštosios bendrosios programos projekte "Intelektualūs miestai" (INTELCITIES). Vienas iš INTELCITIES tikslų (Lietuvoje) - sukurti žiniomis ir prietaisais pagrįstą nekilnojamojo turto sprendimų paramos sistemą (KDDSS-RE). Pagrindinės KDDSS-RE funkcijos yra šios: sukurti ir plėtoti klientui asmeniškai pritaikytus nekilnojamojo turto tikslus, pageidavimus ir vertinimo kriterijus; įvairioms suinteresuotosioms grupėms (pirkėjams, pardavėjams, tarpininkams ir pan.) suteikti galimybę drauge nustatyti nekilnojamąjį turtą apibūdinančius kriterijus (kriterijų sistemą, vertes ir reikšmingumus); rinkos tyrimas, iš prietaisų gautų duomenų apie patalpų mikroklimatą ir pastatuose esančius alergenus pateikimas; alternatyvių nekilnojamojo turto variantų paieška, jų radimas ir pradinės derybų lentelės sudarymas, alternatyvų daugiakriterinė analizė, realiais skaičiavimais pagrįstos elektroninės derybos, racionaliausio nekilnojamojo turto varianto pirkimui nustatymas ir tam tikrų bankų siūlomų alternatyvių paskolų variantų analizė. Šio tyrimo autoriai pasiūlė idėją integruoti žiniomis ir prietaisais pagrįstas bei sprendimų paramos sistemas. Siekiant sprendimų paramos, žinių ir prietaisų sistemų integravimą pademonstruoti nekilnojamojo turto sektoriuje, darbe nagrinėjama žiniomis ir prietaisais pagrįsta nekilnojamojo turto sprendimų paramos sistema.
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EN
This paper studies the market selection criteria in international real estate investments. It presents the results of a questionnaire study among internationally investing property investors in Europe. The results indicate that the most important factors for market selection are safety of property rights and title as well as expected return on property investments. Also other factors describing institutional set-up and market maturity were found to affect the market selection process, whereas the correlation of the property returns was not found to have a large impact on market selection.
LT
Šiame darbe nagrinėjami kriterijai, pagal kuriuos pasirenkamos rinkos tarptautinėms investicijoms į nekilnojamąjį turtą. Jame pateikiami Europos nekilnojamojo turto investuotojų, investuojančių tarptautiniu mastu, apklausos rezultatai. Rezultatai rodo, kad svarbiausi veiksniai, renkantis rinką, yra nuosavybės teisių saugumas ir laukiama grąža iš investicijų į nekilnojamąjį turtą. Nustatyta, kad rinkos pasirinkimo procese svarbūs ir kiti veiksniai, apibūdinantys institucinę sąrangą ir rinkos brandumą, o nekilnojamojo turto grąžos koreliacija rinkai pasirinkti reikšmingos įtakos neturi.
EN
This paper is devoted to the problematics of the transparency of the real estate market. The transparency of this market is evident in entering agreements. A large amount of objective data, to which all interested parties have access to, is a necessary condition for the market to be effective. The market is however effective when the process reflects the changes occurring on the market. The market of real estate is a vague market, which means that it is ineffective. In this paper, an attempt has been made to identify the characteristics of the causes and their occurrences of the low level of transparency of the real estate market. The methodics of the research on the transparency of the national market of real estate is applied by one of the most acknowledged advisory firms in the world.
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EN
Negotiations are common in many activities; the sectors of construction and real estate are not an exception: here the negotiations are an inseparable part of the real estate buying and selling process. The article analyses scientific research related to negotiations and presents the developed model for multiple criteria analysis of construction and real estate negotiations. The analysis of the negotiation processes in construction and real estate and the analysis of the relevant support for decision-making in negotiations must be thorough; it must consider not only economic but also political, legal, socio-cultural, psychological, consumer behaviour, technological, quality of life and other issues. The developed model enables to analyse the combination of the real estate negotiation process, the improvement of its efficiency through use of decision support and voice stress analysis technology and the participating stakeholder groups seeking their goals together with the influencing external macro and micro environment. The paper dwells on the components of this model.
LT
Derybos nuolatos vyksta daugelyje veiklos sričių, neaplenkdamos ir statybos bei NT sektorių, kur jos yra neatsiejama nekilnojamojo turto pirkimo ir pardavimo proceso dalis. Straipsnyje analizuojami mokslininkų tyrimai derybų srityje ir pristatomas sukurtas statybos ir NT derybų daugiakriterinės analizės modelis. Nagrinėjant statybos ir NT derybų procesą bei taikomą paramą derybų sprendimams priimti, būtina tai nagrinėti išsamiai, kreipiant dėmesį ne tik į ekonominius, bet ir į politinius, teisinius, socialinius, kultūrinius, psichologinius, vartotojų elgsenos, technologinius, gyvenimo kokybės ir pan. klausimus. Sukurtas modelis leidžia analizuoti NT derybų procesą, jo efektyvumo didinimą, taikant sprendimų paramos ir balso analizės technologijas, joje dalyvaujančias ir savo tikslus norinčias įgyvendinti suinteresuotas grupes bei jas veikiančią išorinę makro- ir mikroaplinką kaip visumą. Straipsnyje aptartos sukurtą modelį sudarančios sudėtinės dalys.
EN
This study discusses the main issues regarding division of real estate based primarily on the Act of 21 August 1997 on real estate management. Basic definitions related to the division of real estate and the problems of their precision have been presented. In the scientific work have been listed and described the types of divisions, specific cases of their occurrence and rules of conduct independently of the local spatial development plan in the area of real estate, the division of which is to be made. In addition, the economic consequences of divisions of real estate in the form of the need to pay betterment levy or pay compensation for expropriated property were also included.
EN
The Finnish commercial property market internationalised rapidly in the beginning of the 21stcentury. According to the portfolio theory and previous research on international property investments, the main motivation factor driving international real estate investments is the possibility to reach diversification benefits. The paper discusses the diversification benefits offered by the Finnish property market in its early years of internationalisation. As international real estate investors in the Finnish property market include investors with both real estate only, as well as mixed-asset portfolios, the diversification benefits are studied both in terms of a Finnish mixed-asset portfolio, as well as international real estate portfolio.
LT
XXI a. pradžioje Suomijos komercinio nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje sparčiai vyko tarptautiniai procesai. Remiantis portfelio teorija ir ankstesniais tyrimais apie tarptautines investicijas į nekilnojamąjį turtą, pagrindinis veiksnys, kuris skatina tarptautines nekilnojamojo turto investicijas - tai galimybė gauti diversifikacijos teikiamą naudą. Darbe aptariama, kokią naudą siūlė Suomijos nekilnojamojo turto rinka ankstyvaisiais internacionalizacijos metais. Kadangi kai kurie Suomijos nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje veikiantys tarptautiniai nekilnojamojo turto investuotojai užsiima tik nekilnojamuoju turtu, o yra ir tokių, kurie turi mišraus turto portfelius, diversifikacijos nauda nagrinėjama ir pagal Suomijos mišraus turto portfelį, ir pagal tarptautinį nekilnojamojo turto portfelį.
EN
A bubble in the housing sector is defined as an unprecedented upsurge in house prices which cannot explained by fundamental determinants of the housing sector. This study examines demand-side factors of real estate sector in Turkey in order to expose whether house price increases in the country can be counted as a bubble. We use the Blanchard-Quah SVAR model to empirically reveal the relationships between the real mortgage interest rates, house price gap, price-rent-ratio and purchasing power parity. The results of the paper indicate that real interest rates and other variables have a significant explanatory power in the long run whereas house prices cannot be explained by these variables in the short run. Therefore it can be asserted that the house price increases in Turkey cannot be evaluated as a bubble in the long run.
EN
With the development of the real estate market, there are new possibilities for the use of rating tools, including investment decision support, evaluation of real estate portfolios and controlling. The author tries to answer the question, whether the market and real estate rating, due to its purpose, methodology and data used in it, can support investment decisions? Therefore, a review of the initial evaluation, rating systems operating in selected European countries, pointing to the possibility of their use, and relying on the methodology selected systems has been taken.
EN
The article concerns main determinants influencing the development of the product's market. The main objective of the article is the analysis of those factors which are main determinants for the market of reverse mortgage. The demand for this product is the result of various factors which can be classified into 3 groups. The first group is the situation on the real estate market, including liquidity of the market and financing the purchases. The second group of determinants is demographic situation in a country. The main aspect is age structure of the society and share of retired and their material and financial status. The third group which is the most difficult to be estimated are culture and psychological conditions. All of these factors can be either the catalyst or the barrier for the reverse mortgage's market development.
EN
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of local real estate management policy on property value in municipalities. The study was divided into three stages aimed at: presenting the municipality as the owner of land and property, defining the concept and goals of real estate management at the municipal level, determining the effect of local real estate management policy on property value in municipalities. The article presents theoretical problems connected with the issue.
EN
The paper presents problem of sustainable construction, and environmental and social impacts of buildings. The paper focuses on the results of research conducted so far in different countries and investigating factors affecting effectiveness of investment in sustainable buildings, i.e. rents, market value of buildings, maintenance costs and vacancies. The results of various research, that were presented and analyzed, generally prove higher market value of sustainable buildings and lower level of vacancies. Most research results also indicate lower maintenance costs, though these results are not unequivocal. According to research results, higher rents are charged in sustainable buildings, but tenants are also more eager to pay for sustainable office space. Numerous research results, that were presented and analyzed do not prove unconditionally higher economic effectiveness of investment in sustainable properties, but they do indicate factors clearly increasing the effectiveness of these investments, such as market value of tenants Willingness to Pay.
PL
W artykule poddano analizie proces suburbanizacji na przykładzie miasta Bielska- Białej i gmin powiatu bielskiego. Coraz częstszym kierunkiem migracji są tereny gmin wiejskich, nie tylko jako przejaw preferencji opartej na modzie, ale również na racjonalności ekonomicznej i lepszej jakości przestrzeni. Przyczynia się do tego wzrost podaży gruntów w atrakcyjnych gminach podmiejskich, co związane jest z przekształcaniem terenów rolnych w budowlane poprzez uchwalanie planów miejscowych z przeznaczeniem gruntów rolnych pod zabudowę, bez określania koncepcji urbanistycznych dla nowych stref zabudowy. Jedną z przyczyn suburbanizacji jest więc sytuacja na rynku nieruchomości gruntowych.
EN
The article analyzes the process of suburbanization on the example of the city of Bielsko- Biała and Bielsko District. Areas of rural boroughs are frequent direction of the migration, not only as an expression of preference based on fashionable, but also on economic rationality and better quality space. Contributes to the increase in the supply of land in attractive suburban communities, which is related to the transformation of agricultural land in the building by adopting local plans for use of agricultural land for development, without specifying the concept of urban areas for new development. One of the reasons it is so suburbanization situation in the real estate market.
EN
Housing policy influences not only a quality of social life, but also investment in residential sector and via this channel it affects the national economy. Housing policy is under the influence of historical circumstances, the priorities adopted by the government so it depends on the ruling political options. The aim of the paper is to present the changing conditions of housing policy and their consequences in UK to have a background for analyzing the instrument of Private Finance Initiative in housing. This gives the opportunity to consider the applicability of such instrument in Poland.
EN
Improvement of good practices in corporate risk management is carried out, among others, by integrating the strategic risk management process with risk management in various areas of operations. Companies having a significant amount of real estate, which play different functions, look for tools to evaluate the risk of these assets for the implementation of integrated risk management processes. The authors in the article, implementing the first phase of research on corporate real estate risk, presented and analyzed the risk factors of CRE, seeking to define its profile, distinguishing corporate real estate for the production (operations) and non-production (investment), indicating specific, for these two groups, risk factors.
EN
The paper is focused on brief presentation of real estate due diligence concept in the field of industrial heritage. Due diligence is very effective tool used in real estate investment process. Implementing DD into brownfields and industrial heritage firstly reduces level of risk investments, and secondly it helps to preserve heritage.
EN
Real estate agents play an important role in the development of the real estate market. A real estate agent is required to perform in accordance with the rules of the law and professional standards, with special care appropriate to the professional nature of these activities and the rules of professional conduct. The Code of Ethics of the profession arises from the generally accepted moral and ethical standards. The aim of this paper is to discuss some approximations, and so far the applicable rules of professional conduct of real estate agents, as well as to attempt to answer the question of whether an absence of professional ethics may mean that a career of a real estate agent will almost exclusively gain economic sense, that means only profit-oriented, and whether we can expect a significant reduction in the quality of services provided by real estate agents?
EN
Public-Private Partnership is one of possibilities for supporting investment process. Public partner has limited funds and cooperation with private partner give possibilities for realization of social needs and planning investment process. Limited possibilities obtaining support from the government and lack of capital, forcing municipalities to seek alternative methods of financing municipal investments. The opportunity to acquire the ownership of community housing units, in the absence of co-necessity to incur high investment, giving local-government public-private partnership. The experience of different countries show that public tasks can be successfully carried out in partnership with the private sector and can provide a specific pattern of implementation of private capital in the conduct and financing of investments and the provision of public services. The main aim of this article is to analyze public-private partnership as a form of financing public investment in municipal real estate construction example.
EN
A company is in possession of instruments that frequently allow it to shape contents of financial statements independently from real life processes. These instruments arise from the right to choose between two or more solutions allowed by balance sheet saw, to a given accounting problem. The object, which allows for use of such alternative solution, is real estate. Growing interest of entrepreneurs in real estate market exposed novel functions of realty. Profitability as well as location emerged as important factors, besides purely utilitarian function of real estate, enabling it to become an investment opportunity.
EN
The real estate is one of the fundamental components of the material resource of entities, both public sphere and the private sector. The decisive factor for the presentation in the balance sheet of the entity is the breakdown by economic way, ie. economic use of three groups: operational, investment and assets. The accountancy allows for some real estate groups to fit the balance sheet valuation rules to the needs of the individual, that the financial statements best reflects the economic reality in which it operates. The choice of a particular method of valuation of the balance sheet has a significant impact on the values presented in the financial statements. The units should therefore in its accounting policies precisely define all the rules related to this area. The mechanism of the balance sheet valuation should not tend to create an image of the entity in any case, but used the concept of true and fair view of the assets and financial situation. Both external and internal recipients should have reasonable assurance that management makes every effort to meet their expectations in terms of transparency of these reports, because they take a number of important economic decisions on the basis of the reports.
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