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Revolution 4.0 as a Factor of Change in the Labour Market

100%
Giza W., Sztokfisz B.
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
|
2020
|
issue 2(52)
5-16
EN
Objectives: The aim of the deliberations is to show how the exogenous factors, in this case the subsequent Industrial Revolutions, affected the structural changes of the labour market and how they were perceived by the economists. Research Design & Methods: The research area is limited to the theory that explains the functions of the labour market in the historical perspective. The study is a theoretical study that combines the elements of analysis in the field of economic history and the development of economic thought. The justification of the presented theses was made using the induction method and the comparative method, both of which enable the presentation of the labour market evolution process in a relatively long-time horizon. Findings: The structure of the study reflects the changes that have taken place in the economic theory under the influence of the Industrial Revolutions. The last of them, the Revolution 4.0, is a reference point to form the key questions regarding the automation and redistribution of income that the contemporary labour market researchers are concerned with. Implications / Recommendations: In the theoretical dimension, the attention was drawn to the usefulness of the comparative analysis method for understanding the profound changes in the labour market. The practical aspect of the research is to identify the potential threats that arose as a consequence of the Revolution 4.0. Understanding them makes it possible to take action in the field of social, economic, and educational policies that aim at reducing social tensions resulting from dynamic changes taking place in the labour market. Contribution / Value Added: The technological progress is most often treated as a key factor that affects the supply side of the economy. It enables an increase of the productive potential of highly developed societies. The presented considerations reveal the analogies that arise in connection with the functioning of the labour market in the context of subsequent technological revolutions. Particular attention was paid to the influence of technological progress on the demand side of the economy and the consequences related to the distribution of income. The article is an attempt to supplement the reflection on the impact of the latest advancements in information technology with the context of historical changes that have taken place in the labour market. Article classification: theoretical article, conceptual article JEL classification: O31, O33, B30, J31
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Technologie blockchain przyszłością logistyki

72%
Wodnicka M.
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
|
2019
|
issue 1(41)
43-54
PL
Nowe technologie w coraz większym wymiarze w sposób bezpośredni i pośredni oddziałują na logistykę w ramach procesów logistycznych, implikując tym samym ciągłą jej ewolucję i kolejne wyzwania. Do zjawisk wpływających na transformację logistyki można zaliczyć te związane z rozwojem gospodarczym w skali świata oraz erą cyfryzacji łączoną z czwartą rewolucją technologiczną, które niosą ze sobą przeobrażenia w zakresie kooperacji przedsiębiorstw i sterowania procesami w łańcuchu dostaw zarówno w skali branż, jak i sektorów. Wśród listy dziesięciu technologii, które mają największy potencjał, aby zmienić oblicze biznesu, styl pracy, hierarchię wartości, znalazł się blockchain. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie technologii blockchain w obszarze logistyki ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej znaczenia dla usprawnienia procesów logistycznych oraz wskazanie ograniczeń w jej zastosowaniu. Technologia ta może przyśpieszyć i ułatwić wiele procesów logistycznych, wyposażając je we wspólne, niezaprzeczalne źródło informacji, zapewniając tym samym nowy poziom transparentności i bezpieczeństwa w łańcuchu dostaw. Daje ona podstawy do tworzenia logistyki opartej na Internecie Rzeczy (IoT), chmurze technologicznej (cloud computing) i sztucznej inteligencji (AI) w tym Inteligentnych Kontraktów (smart contracts). W artykule wskazano zjawiska generujące wyzwania dla logistyki. Opisano, czym jest blockchain i dlaczego warto z niego skorzystać, odnosząc się do jego cech, zalet i ograniczeń w jego zastosowaniu. Podane praktyczne przykłady dotyczą zastosowania omawianej technologii w logistyce. Metodą badawczą była analiza literatury i studium przypadków wykorzystania technologii blockchain w praktyce.
EN
New technologies have an increasing, direct and indirect, impact on logistics within the framework of logistic processes, implying by this the constant evolution of logistics and future challenges. To phenomena that influence the transformation of logistics, can be classified the ones connected with the economic development in the world and Era of Digitalization, combined with the Fourth Technological Revolution, which cause transformations in the extent of cooperation between enterprises and controlling the processes in the supply chain, both on enterprises’ and sectors’ scale. The blockchain is placed on the list of ten technologies, that have the biggest potential to change the face of business, work style, values hierarchy. The aim of this article is to present the blockchain technology, that may have a revolutionary importance in logistics. It can fasten and ease many logistic processes providing them with the common, undeniable source of information, ensuring the new level of transparency and safety in the supply chain. It lays the foundation for creating logistics based on the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI), including smart contracts. The article points out phenomena that generate challenges for the logistics, and describes what the blockchain is and why is it worth to benefit from it referring to its features, pros and cons. Given practical examples concerns the usage of discussed technology in logistics.
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