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Treść przedstawień figuratywnych na kamieniu z Leźna

100%

Szczepanik P.

Pomorania Antiqua

2020

vol. Tom XXIX

s. 155-179

Pomerania, Poland. The stone decorated with three reliefs is definitely a unique monument. Numerous interpretations - the oldest came from the 19th century - of the meaning of these representations associated the images and whole stone with religion of the Balts, Celts, Scandinavians or Slavs. The most recent interpretation linked the monument with pre-Christian religions of the North. In this text I try to present different interpretation and describe the sculpture and all reliefs in the context of pre-Christian beliefs of the Western Slavs. The low reliefs depicted on it are associated with Svantevit (Polish Świętowit). This interpretation is based on the analysis of the forms and the meaning of images. In this context we use a comparative archaeological materials and information from written sources. All images from Leźno stone refer directly to spheres of competence of this god. Person with ornithomorphic arms is related to the supreme character of the deity which was worshiped in the temple on Arkona. The most important pagan temple on the Western Slavs territory in the 12th century was described in detail by Saxo Grammaticus. From his chronicle we have also information about meaning of two next images. The horse rider shows his relationship with the military sphere as well as Svantevit's night wanderings and fights. The figure with the horn is related to the sphere of prosperity and fertility, and the annual divination using the level of alcohol in the horn. All these elements show a direct relationship betwen stone form Leźno with Svantevit and his mythical competences. However, the boulder itself is not a statue of a deity, although it probably would be associated with his worship and may have been originally placed on Sventovit's worship site. The stone from Leźno is very fascinating piece of early medieval Slavic art and a very important element for understanding pre-Christian Slavic religion.

Wineta – literacka „przestrzeń utracona” Słowian Zachodnich? Rozważania na wybranych przykładach z literatur zachodniosłowiańskich

80%

Derlatka T.

Porównania

2013

vol. 12

177-192

The purpose of the article is to present the selected West Slavic literary works that have taken the issue of the legendary Wineta. The author has made efforts to determine the extent of the occurrence of the motif of Wineta in particular literatures, to demonstrate mutual convergences and divergences, to present the most interesting modifications of the protovariation. The analysis of the subject showed profound differences in the sematisation of the Wineta theme between specific literatures. The most interesting elaborations of the Wineta theme are found in “small” West Slavonic literatures (Upper Lusatian and Kashubian). In the first one, the semantics of the Wineta, which was transferred onto a “national” plane and which is at risk of being flooded by the sea (first by the Germanic one [J. Bart-Ćišinski] of the post-1945 socialist realist industry [A. Stachowa]) itself becomes the diaspora. In the Kashubian literature, the Wineta motif was exploited as the basis for its own mythopoeia realized in the legend of the Old Hel swallowed by the sea.

Cel artykułu stanowi przedstawienie wybranych zachodniosłowiańskich utworów literackich, które podjęły problem legendarnej Winety. Autor podjął wysiłki zmierzające do: stwierdzenia zasięgu występowania motywu Winety w poszczególnych literaturach, wykazania wzajemnych kon- i dywergencji, przedstawienia najciekawszych modyfikacji protowariantu. Rozbiór tematyki wykazał głębokie różnice w semantyzacji motywu Winety między konkretnymi literaturami. Najbardziej interesujące opracowania motywu Winety przynoszą „małe” literatury zachodniosłowiańskie (górnołużycka i kaszubska). W tej pierwszej semantyka Winety przeniesiona została na płaszczyznę narodową – zagrożoną zalaniem przez morze (wpierw germańskie [J. Bart-Ćišinski], po 1945 r. socrealistycznego przemysłu [A. Stachowa]) staje się sama diaspora. W literaturze kaszubskiej motyw Winety wyzyskany został jako podstawa własnej mitopei zrealizowanej w legendzie o pochłoniętym przez morze Starym Helu.

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Treść przedstawień figuratywnych na kamieniu z Leźna

Wineta – literacka „przestrzeń utracona” Słowian Zachodnich? Rozważania na wybranych przykładach z literatur zachodniosłowiańskich