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WOJNA, IMIGRACJA I POLSKA DIASPORA W TORONTO W OPOWIADANIACH ANDREW J. BORKOWSKIEGO

100%
Branach-Kallas A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2014
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vol. 40
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issue 4(154)
95-108
EN
The article focuses on Andrew J. Borkowski’s collection of short-stories Copernicus Avenue published in 2011 and awarded the 2012 Toronto Book Award. Written by the son of a Polish war veteran, Copernicus Avenue shows how deeply the trauma of the Second World War has affected the Polish diaspora in Canada. The article begins with an analysis of the stories located in Poland, illustrating the ambivalent moral choices of the protagonists during the war. The traumatic memories of war haunt the protagonists in their New World homes and influence the lives of their descendants as well. On the example of three characters, I illustrate the different approaches to diaspora and homeland in the Polish post-war community in Toronto. I also trace the complex itineraries of the characters, showing that the concept of roots shapes their identity as much as the complicated routes of migrations. As a result, the Polish diaspora in Copernicus Avenue appears a heterogeneous space of community and antagonism, solidarity and exclusion.
2

VÝSKUM BOJÍSK DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU. VÝCHODISKÁ A PERSPEKTÍVY

100%
Steiner P.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue suppl 1
567 – 574
EN
Area of southwestern Slovakia was a stage of heavy fighting in the last months of the Second World War. Currently, the most acute aim of interdisciplinary research, both historical and archaeological, is to specify the exact position of battlefields, artillery and defence positions. It is also the matter of protection of these sites to save them from the illegal archaeological activities.
3
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The Relations between Jews and Christians as ReflectThe Relations between Jews and Christians as Reflected in the Yiddish Songs by Mordechaj Gebirtiged in the Yiddish Songs by Mordechaj Gebirtig

100%
Grozinger E.
Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia
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2010
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vol. 8
93-102
EN
I just want to make an introductory note: I - like Marcin Kula in his book on the 'Stubborn question. Jewish? Polish? Humane?' - am very well aware of the fact that the definitions 'Jew' and 'Christian' are not satisfactory. But as Gebirtig was a Pole and at the same time a traditionally raised and educated religious Jew, I decided to use this terminology in this article, which deals with Polish-Jewish relations before the Second World War and includes the relations with the Germans after the invasion of Poland in September 1939. As far as I can see, the topic of the relations between Jews and Christians has now shifted into the centre of academic interest in Poland, judging by the significant number of books and articles published on the subject. These relations, having, as I mentioned, also included the Germans, thus created a triangle full of tensions which are also a topic of research and discussion within the Polish literature of the last twenty years.
4

'DZIENNIK POLSKI' (1940-1945) AND GERMAN ISSUES ('Dziennik Polski' (1940-1945) wobec zagadnien niemieckich)

88%
Fogelzang-Adler E.
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
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2009
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vol. 12
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issue 1 (23)
55-77
EN
German issues were widely addressed in 'Prostokat', a magazine published by the Democratic Party in Krakow in 1940-1945, and 'Dziennik Polski', an underground daily published by the Polish Democracy Party. These included various studies on the presence and future of Germany. Different solutions were proposed in different areas, e.g. responsibility of Germans for the outbreak of the Second World War, post-war Germany, future Polish-German border, German minority in liberated Poland.
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MLČAL PÁPEŽ PIUS XII. O HOLOKAUSTE? POSUN V HISTORICKOM VÝSKUME PO OTVORENÍ VATIKÁNSKYCH ARCHÍVOV

88%
Szabó M.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2023
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vol. 27
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issue 2
598 - 609
EN
The article discusses the state of art concerning the explanations of attitude and reactions of Pope Pius II and the Vatican to the persecution and Holocaust of the Jews during the Second World War. In addition to references to the literature available in Czech and Slovak translations, it emphasizes the latest international research results after the opening of the Vatican archives in spring 2020. The focus of these revisions is primarily on the reconstruction of events during 1942, when more and more information about the genocide of the Jews on the Eastern Front and in the occupied Polish territories reached the Vatican. Recent archival discoveries show that the editors of the official edition of the historical documents have been selective and have not included important sources that show the contradictory reactions of some papal officials. The dispute between defenders and critics of Pius XII over whether his “silence” was due to diplomatic efforts to save the Jews or to inhibitions stemming from power calculations or even traditional prejudices must therefore be considered in a new context. Recent research has also clarified the ethical dimension of the Pope’s dilemma to confine him to diplomatic efforts or to come out in open protest, thus rehabilitating to some extent the literary impetus of these now more than half-century-long controversies, which was Rolf Hochhuth’s play The Deputy (1963).
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THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN THE MEMORY OF EUROPEANS - INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION (Druga wojna swiatowa w pamieci Europejczyków - przekaz miedzypokoleniowy)

75%
Halicka B.
Przegląd Zachodni
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2011
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issue 1(338)
203-216
EN
Memory of the Second World War has since mid-20th century been an important element of the identity of European nationalities and a factor creating national myths. The article points to differences in depictions of this cruelest of wars, the domination of the victim discourse and two apparently contradictory though in fact mutually dependent tendencies: on the one hand, the writing anew of the history of particular nations, and on the other hand, the opening up of national historiographies onto a transnational, European or even global perspective. Differences in the knowledge on war, transmitted between generations, are presented through comparative studies conducted in eight European countries. Concluding remarks refer to the public debate on the museum expositions devoted to war events and enforced migrations.
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“…AND THEY WILL CONSIDER THEMSELVES THE LAST VICTIMS OF THE WORLD WAR.” ANTON GRANATIER AND HIS PLANS FOR POPULATION EXCHANGE AND (RE)SETTLEMENT OF SLOVAKIA AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR

75%
Richtáriková T.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2022
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vol. 25
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issue 1
-
EN
While the wave of migrations after the Second World War remains among the more discussed topics of central-European historiography, certain questions still remain unaddressed. This article aims at shedding some light on how the people planning the population exchanges and movements thought about ethnicity and nationhood. We will try to give a partial answer to this question through the example of Anton Granatier, one of the prominent ethnic policy experts of the 1930s and 1940s Czechoslovakia. His ideas on the place of Slovaks and ethnic minorities within Czechoslovakia often clashed with the official line and institutions in Prague, and therefore offer an interestingly multi-faceted picture of contemporary thinking. The opinions of Anton Granatier about the aspects of nationality offer a mix between an essentialist and constructivist approach to ethnicity. His various conflicts with central institutions and colleagues alike offer a crystallisation of ideas that allows us to look into the thinking and re-thinking of nationhood and inter-ethnic relationships of post-war Czechoslovakia.
8

NITRIANSKE KINÁ V OBDOBÍ DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY

75%
Mikulášová A., Palárik M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2015
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vol. 63
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issue 2
291 – 312
EN
During the war years 1939 – 1945, films were popular way of spending free time and escaping from everyday reality. They were not only a means of entertainment, thanks to them it was possible to present a specific message to the general public, and they were misused for political, ideological and propaganda purposes. In this period, cinemas showed anti-Semitic films, full of xenophobic ideas, films celebrating the German army and “Aryan ideals”, but also films offering simple entertainment. The financial and creative potential of the Slovak Republic was limited, so the demand for films was supplemented by pictures distributed from abroad. As a result of the political and military situation, German films predominated in Slovakia. Using the example of the town of Nitra, the study presents information about films shown in a middle sized Slovak town, analysing their origin, genre, message and price. It gives information about visits to the cinema as one of the possibilities for spending free time, as well as about efforts to politically exploit them.
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SOCIÁLNY ŠTÁT A SOCIÁLNA POLITIKA V ČESKOSLOVENSKU V ROKOCH 1945 – 1948. POLITIKA ZAMESTNANOSTI – STRATEGICKÝ PILIER SPOLOČNOSTI

75%
Kožáková K.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2015
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vol. 63
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issue 1
81 – 111
EN
Security, employment opportunities, just reward, basic social incomes and social services for all, these were attributes of the modern social state, which emerged after the Second World War. This phenomenon did not concern only the Czechoslovak Republic, but almost the whole Europe. However, its theories were already conceived and worked out in detail during the war. The model of the social state came from Great Britain, which the government of the post-war Czechoslovak Republic reflected. The Košice Government Programme agreed between the Slovak and Czech sides, already promised a generous social policy and social care for all groups of working people. The new concept of social policy was based on universalism and a system of full employment secured by nationalization, state regulation of the market and state organization of labour. Employment and social security policy were among its most important priorities. The study is concerned with employment policy. In its framework, the author devotes attention to the problems of management of labour, inclusion of women in employment, protection and security for workers, the wage system and standard of living of the workers.
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CHORVÁTSKO V POLITIKE SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY V ROKOCH 1941 – 1945

75%
Tkáč J.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2010
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vol. 58
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issue 4
659-683
EN
The relationship of the Slovak Republic to the Independent State of Croatia in the period 1941-1945 and their position as satellites of the German Third Reich was different from the internal political point of view. The Slovak Republic originated before the outbreak of the Second World War and was not seriously affected by military operations until 1944. By the standards of the time there was an economic boom. In the territory of the Independent State of Croatia, there were partisan and military operations from 1941, and the economy declined. The aim of the representatives of the Slovak Republic was to gain Croatia as a replacement for Yugoslavia in a sort of revived Little Entente of Slovakia, Rumania and Croatia, directed against Hungary. The two countries established political, economic, cultural and sporting cooperation, which culminated in 1942 but then declined.
11

POHĽADY NA HOLOKAUST V KONTEXTE 2. SVETOVEJ VOJNY

75%
Paulovičová N.
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 2
335-348
EN
The essay looks at how the historiography of some of our former 'Western colleagues' dealt with the questions of the Holocaust in the framework of the several sub-contexts of the Second World War, such as the settlement policy of the Third Reich in Eastern Europe, the process of implementing orders on the level of higher and lower military commanders and its influence on the implementation of the 'final solution' or the influence of economic and ideological factors on the 'final solution'. The article describes various currents and trends in the historiography of the holocaust with the aim of pointing to perspectives and levels not considered by Slovak historiography up to now.
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Biblioteki na Podgórzu koło Torunia w latach 1920-1939

63%
Tomkowiak K.
Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne
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2009
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vol. 2
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issue 1(2)
57-74
EN
The paper is the first attempt to characterize Podgorz's library offer in years 1920-1939. The turning points is on the one hand the return of Pomerania, including Podgorz, to Poland following years of annexation, and on the other hand the outbreak of World War II in 1939, which completely damaged most of the bibliothecal stock. Podgorz was a town situated on the border between the Pomorskie (Pomerania) and Poznan voivodship, on the left river bank of the Vistula. The final union of the towns (Torun and Podgorz) took place on the 1 April 1938. The purpose of the article is to note down all libraries existing then in Podgorz: Lending Library of Sodality St. Mary's Queen Crown's of Poland [Biblioteka Bractwa Niepokalanie Poczetej N. M. P. Krolowej Korony Polskiej], libraries of religious organizations and many societies and associations. Podgorz's libraries offer in years 1920-1939 seems very interesting. Decidedly the biggest number of libraries existed within the framework of different societies and organizations, thanks to them that the professional literature was readily accessible for different professional groups dwelling in Podgorz.
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Mērijas Grīnbergas un Grosvaldu ģimenes stāsts jeb ceļojums ar pauzēm un pieturām

63%
Želve K.
Makslas Vesture un Teorija
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2020
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vol. 24
80-91
EN
The article informs about the exhibition “Mērija's Journey. The Grosvalds Family Story” at the Latvian National Museum of Art (06.09.-24.11.2019) and the docudrama “Mērija's Journey” (2018). Both projects were based on scientific research about an important figure in Latvia's cultural history – Mērija Grīnberga (1909-1975). She was an offspring of a wealthy family and, being a museum employee, accompanied the values of Latvia's museums evacuated by the Nazi regime to the present Czech Republic; when the Red Army captured the territory, she guarded these values on their way back to the Soviet Latvia, thus saving a large part of the country's history from destruction and oblivion.
14
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Antoni Ojrzyński – nieznany aptekarz, taternik oraz bibliofil

63%
Górska A.
Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne
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2009
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vol. 2
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issue 2(3)
49-68
EN
The article describes life and activity of Antoni Ojrzynski (1871–1967), pharmacist, mountaineer and the keen bibliophile who gathered literature portraying possessions of the Polish society in the cognition and popularizing the Tatras and Podhale over the centuries. Collector displayed his fond of book already in school years, then he started independently broadening his knowledge with a view to filling gaps in the education. Beginning by Ojrzynski concentrating his own library was a result of the self-education. In the idea collection was supposed to have regional character, devoted to the Tatras and the Carpatian. A presence of many outstanding work concerning Tatra issues from 18th century, and ending on thirties 20th century in is characteristic for Ojrzynski collection. The outbreak of the World War II led for partial destroying the library. In order to protect it before more distant devastation in 1947 Ojrzynski handed over survive sets as the deposit to the library of the Polish Tatra Society in Cracow (nowadays known as The Central Mountain Library of Polish Tourist Country-Lovers' Society - Centralna Biblioteka Gorska PTTK). This library constitutes unusually valuable and endless source up till today to the research on history and the development of Podhale and the Tatras.
15
Content available remote

Katolicki Uniwersytet Powszechny (1940): placówka oświatowo-kulturalna i wydawnicza polskiej społeczności uchodźczej na Węgrzech okresu II wojny światowej

63%
Woźniakowski K.
Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne
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2009
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vol. 2
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issue 2(3)
9-26
EN
During the Second World War in Hungary there were four important cultural and artistic institutions popular among Polish refugees: Instytut Polski, Swietlica Polska, Klub Angielski and Katolicki Uniwersytet Powszechny [Catholic Common University]. The last institution provided several activities' like religious and patriotic ceremonies, lectures and readings organized in refugee camps. Wyzsze Studium Spoleczne addressed a lot of events to educated recipients. Additionally the university dealt with publishing activities which included publishing of many works and documents which were later sent to local departments. Later it focused on publishing 'Materialy Swietlicowe. Katolicki Uniwersytet Powszechny', eight issues this magazine were published and after that Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski [Catholic Common University] was closed down. It was probably connected with financial problems of this institution.
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OSUDY PAMIATOK POCHÁDZAJÚCICH ZO ŽIDOVSKÉHO MAJETKU ZA DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY

63%
Palárik M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2011
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vol. 59
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issue 3
515 – 534
EN
The study is the first contribution to tracing the fate of objects of artistic or historic interest derived from the confiscated property of Jews during the so-called Slovak state. The Ministry of Education and National Enlightenment, which was responsible for monument protection at the time, strove for the transfer of objects of artistic or historic interest from Jewish owners to museums. However, the Ministry of Finance frustrated its ambitions by demanding the unconditional sale of these valuable objects. The Ministry of Education secured the assessment of Jewish possessions with artistic or historic value and compilation of a list of objects to be bought, but the Ministry of Finance did not agree. The study traces the steps of individual ministries in dealing with objects of artistic, scientific or historic value owned by Jews.
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