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EN
The article is devoted to Vilfredo Pareto's reflections on socialism and dicusses thoroughly his important work 'Les syst'emes socialistes', especially its first part dealing with so called real socialist systems. This large treatise edited in 1901-1902 played an important role in the evolution of Pareto's ideas. It brought the early version of his famous theory of social elites that was strictly connected with his refutation of historiosophical progressivism. Pareto examined many historical examples - from ancient Greece to some tendencies in contemporary policy - in order to elaborate the precise typology of the systems of real socialism. He tried to demonstrate that real socialism was an obstacle to economic and cultural development. Socialism was for him on the one hand utopian, and on the other hand - immoral (as the apology of plunder and as a riot against social hierarchy). He didn't exclude however that in the future the well organized socialist movement would come into power.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2008
|
vol. 34
|
issue 2
165-202
EN
The text deals with the development of the reflection on social elites in Polish sociology. The first Polish political elite theorist was a sociologist, Czeslaw Znamierowski, who was followed by many other sociologists, historians and political scientists. Nevertheless, most of the empirical research on the Polish political elite was done only after the fall of Communism. The author suggests that, despite the extensive research of political elites, contemporary Polish sociology shows only a marginal interest in elite theory or in non- political elites.
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