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1

Are social-insurance pension systems public goods?

100%
Nemeth G.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2005
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vol. 52
|
issue 6
608-612
EN
József Meszaros's article in the March issue of this journal employs some surprising and unusual methods of economics in an attempt to arrive at a deeper understanding of the operation and problems of the social-insurance pension system. Science indeed progresses as ideas at variance with dominant views shed doubts about the reality-explaining force of a period's mainstream thinking, prompting a search for more convincing and satisfying explanations. The breakthrough often comes from methods not previously employed that point out hitherto invisible relationships. The question is whether József Meszaros has made such a breakthrough by treating social-insurance pension systems as public goods and applying the apparatus of game theory. The author explains in the article why he is convinced that this has not been done.
2
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Social Security in a Society Getting Older: Demographic Reserve Fund

100%
Obidzinski P.
Polityka Społeczna
|
2006
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vol. 33
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issue 9(390)
11-15
EN
The subject of this paper is Demographic Reserve Fund (DRF) and its goal is identification of the impact of demographic, economic and procedural law factors on the DRF requirement. The author describes the DRF objectives and conditions of use if its financial means. He also specifies factors having a bearing on the DRF requirement such as population structure on account of age and sex and conditions on labor market. Additional factor is procedural law situation.
3

The pension system and game theory. Remarks on the article by József Meszaros.

100%
Gomori A.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2005
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vol. 52
|
issue 7/8
732-742
EN
József Meszaros makes some statements about the pension system (and partly the political system) in the second part of his Közgazdasági Szemle article 'Social-insurance pension systems as public goods', based on a conceptual apparatus and assumptions presented in the first part of the article. The apparatus presented is inaccurate in some places and erroneous in others. The main contentions based on this (apart from being likewise inaccurate) are connected to the mathematical apparatus and the theses not by aimed proofs but by vague (although not necessarily erroneous) associations. My remarks refer to the apparatus mentioned and to the associated contentions about the pension system, not to the content of those contentions.
4

Social-insurance pension systems as public goods

80%
Meszaros J.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
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2005
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vol. 52
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issue 3
275-288
EN
The study shows how the present social-security pension systems, assuming methodological individualism and employing the apparatus of repeated games, are in a multiple prisoner's dilemma situation. The study analyses this by formulating and proving three propositions: the dilemmas of demography, contribution payments, and the political class. These are confirmed using the so-called Selten thesis of repeated-game theory.
5
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Umowa o zatrudnienie

80%
Jończyk J.
Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne
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2012
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issue 2
2-7
EN
The traditional contract of employment is based on worker’s subordination matched by statutory individual and collective employees’ protection and in practice opposed by growing „flexibility” of employment. It follows that probably a new concept of employment is preferable as defined in two ways, namely by the „cause of employment” (related also to social security through wage contribution and tax), as well as by distinguishing particular contracts of employment to meet specific work and wage conditions. The emphasis put on the law of contract of employment, on its private aspect depends on the redefinition of two other relatively separate parts of labour law: work protection (hours, safety etc.) and collective labour law.
6

THE SOCIAL SECURITY AND ARRANGEMENTS OF THE PENSION REFORM IN POLAND

80%
Zabkowicz A.
Studia Ekonomiczne (Economic Studies)
|
2006
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issue 4(51)
289-302
EN
The paper aims at featuring the pension reform of 1999 apart of common beliefs and common wisdom. The analysis guided by the fundamental social problems in Poland leads to a rather pessimistic conclusion. The arrangements of the pension reform introduced after 1998 do not contribute to social security neither protect all members of the system against poverty. The World Bank-recommended arrangement, popularly called 'the second pillar', is of no help to any social question. Instead, providing funds to the financial sector seems to be a priority of the reform. Reorganization of the pension system in Poland has been inspired by development of banking and securities trading considered as a stimulus to economic growth. Then the basic motive was of economic rather than of social nature.
7
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BEZPIECZEŃSTWO SOCJALNE TO ZA MAŁO. POLSKA POLITYKA SPOŁECZNA A ZAGADNIENIE INTEGRACJI SPOŁECZNEJ IMIGRANTÓW

80%
Szymańska-Zybertowicz K.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2011
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vol. 37
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issue 2(140)
235-249
EN
The article explores the issue of the integration of foreigners in contemporary Poland from the perspective of certain problems typical for the social policy research and practice. After defining the main concepts, the text examines the question of social integration and its three aspects. The first aspect refers to the formal regulatory issues. The second is the psycho-cultural aspect of the integration of foreigners. The main category applied here is the notion of „ontological security” understood in Anthony Giddens’ fashion. The third aspect, the one most commonly explored, relates to the dilemmas posed by the marginalization of discriminated groups, foreigners included. The overall purpose of the analysis is to demonstrate that if the category of ontological security is included in the research traditionally dominated by the social security narrative, a better understanding could be achieved of the intricacies of the process of „negotiating” the immigrants’ position in Polish society.
8
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Social Security in Contemporary Kazakhstan

80%
Bazarbaeva G., Wierzbicki A.
Polityka Społeczna
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2008
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vol. 35
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issue 1(406)
23-25
EN
The paper analyzes social security system in Kazakhstan, in particular reform of pension scheme. The authors pay attention to conditions of the social security system in this country, goals of pension reform, problems of pension age and function of pension funds. Changes in social security system situate Kazakhstan as leader of the CIS countries and against of background countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
9

Designing benefit rules for flexible retirement: actuarial fairness versus efficiency

80%
Simonovits A.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2004
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vol. 51
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issue 12
1101-1112
EN
Diamond and Mirrlees (1978), considering disability retirement under conditions of asymmetric information, determined the socially optimal, incentive-compatible benefit-retirement age scheme that does not follow traditional actuarial fairness. Eso and Simonovits (2002) did the same for flexible old-age retirement. In the latter model, individuals (types) have private information about their expected life spans. The government's goal is to design a pension system (a function relating benefits to retirement age) that maximizes a social-welfare function and satisfies the social budget constraint and incentive compatibility constraints: a second-best redistributive solution. This paper replaces the social constraint by type-specific ones and determines the fair second-best solution. The fair solution is, however, frequently inefficient, because it is often Pareto-dominated by the redistributive one.
10
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Flexicurity - an Approach to Regulating Social and Employment Policies

80%
Czerwinska K.
Polityka Społeczna
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2008
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vol. 35
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issue 3(408)
13-19
EN
This article aims at presenting flexicurity as an approach to regulating social and employment policies. A brief introduction of flexicurity principles is followed by a presentation of the three main definitions of the concept: flexicurity as a strategy, a state of the labour market and an analytical tool. Then, the Danish and the Dutch models are analysed as important examples of application of flexicurity policy in practice. Finally, an integrated flexicurity approach at the EU level is described.
11

Dynamika przecietnego wynagrodzenia jako wskaznik hipotetycznej iluzji pieniadza w motywowaniu pracownikow

80%
Daszkowski J.
Contemporary Economics
|
2010
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issue 2(14)
89-100
EN
The definition of wage in Poland not before 1998 includes any value of social security contribution. Changed definition creates higher level of reported wages, but was expected not to influence the take home pay. Nevertheless, the trend of average wages, after a shortn period, has returned to its previous line. Such effect is explained in the term of money illusion.
12

What is happening and what will happen with private pension-fund services?

80%
Stahl J.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
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2005
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vol. 52
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issue 6
599-607
EN
The study was prompted because the time left before private pension-fund services have to begin is becoming shorter, but the legislation to regulate precisely the private pensionfund pillar of the social security system is still lacking. The author begins with the need to change existing legislation, as the framework it provides cannot be utilized in an acceptable way. The second part presents mathematical programming models that will or could help to devise feasible, acceptable legislation that defines the service to be provided by private pension funds.
13

ATTITUDES TOWARDS SOCIAL SECURITY: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

80%
Piterová I.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2018
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vol. 21
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issue 3
50 – 69
EN
There has not been enough attention given to the topic of social security in Slovak psychological research; although the state of social protection, legal aspects of social security or themes of social services, social policy and social care are well described by economists, sociologists, lawyers or social workers. The article provides an overview of the current knowledge of social security attitudes as attitudes have been a research topic of social psychology for a long time. This review is divided into four main parts. Firstly, a brief description of the social security system in the Slovak Republic is provided. Secondly, the paper describes and summarizes different types of welfare states in the context of chosen typologies. It begins with the typology of Esping-Andersen (1990), Leibfried, (1992), Ferrera (1996), and Bonoli (1997) and continues with recent research that lead to the question about numbers and different types of welfare states e.g. Arts and Gellisen (2001) or Gryaznova (2013). Thirdly, the definition of social security attitudes in relation to Fishbein´s and Ajzen´s theory is presented. The possibility of categorizing welfare attitudes into three levels, according to the degree of generality, is outlined. Finally, the results of research on determinants of social security attitudes carried out are described. The large amount of research is built on survey databases such as the European Social Survey or International Social Survey Program. In conclusion, the comparison of European countries gave an answer to the question: “Who is more supportive?” The highest support for social security benefits and services is in Scandinavian countries operating a social democratic regime.
14
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Decentralizacja funkcji społecznych państwa

80%
Leszczyński M.
Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW
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2013
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issue 3
71-84
EN
In the article, the issue of changes in the social functions of the state in terms of progressive globalization processes has been discussed. For many years the withdrawal of the state from performing a series of tasks of a social nature has followed. It is caused among others as a result of pressure from business lobby and the need to restructure the existing social policy. The idea of active social policy is being developed, and some of the tasks of a social nature are passed on governments and non-governmental organizations, which create support networks.
15

Optimal investment and funding policy of US defined-benefit pension plans

80%
Moricz D.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2004
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vol. 51
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issue 12
1113-1131
EN
The assets of private defined-benefit pension plans represent a significant proportion of the US retirement savings market and affect the share value of sponsoring companies. This paper gives an overview of the optimal pension investment (allocation of funds by asset class) and funding policy. Summarizing the literature, the author considers how to manage a defined-benefit pension plan in the light of tax considerations, insurance premiums payable to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, and corporate liability. The paper analyses market imperfections (transaction costs, financial distress, regulation etc.) that affect optimal funding level and asset allocation. The conclusion is drawn that companies have to tailor their pension policies to their individual circumstances. Instead of corner solutions, it is rational for most to fund their pension plans in a stable way, according to applicable laws and regulations, and to select a balanced (equity/bond) asset mix. Optimal pension investment and funding policy is dynamic and should evolve in line with changes in the sponsoring company's circumstances. This helps to explain the vertical and horizontal discrepancies in funding levels and asset allocations between different pension plans.
16

STRATEGIES OF SOCIAL POLICY (Strategiczne kierunki rozwoju polityki spolecznej)

80%
Barr N.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
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2007
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vol. 10
15-22
EN
The article is a translation of the opening speech, delivered by Nicholas Barr at the 5th International Research Conference on Social Security, 5-7.03.2007, Warsaw, titled 'Social Security and the Labour Market: a mismatch?'. The starting point of the article is the presentation of the economic social change during the last 50 years. The further parts discuss its influence on social policy, with the focus point on the changes in strategic policy directions. The last part of the article presents the spheres of mismatch between the labour market and social security with the clear suggestions for social policy reforms.
17

Welfare State and Economic Effectiveness

80%
Rutkowski W.
Ekonomista
|
2006
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issue 3
285-303
EN
The contemporary debate on merits and disadvantages of welfare state is centered on the efficacy and performance of the system. The assessment of social effects of policies pursued by a welfare state was, predominantly, concentrated on the dependence of poverty sphere and income inequalities on the volume of public expenditure. It follows from our analyses that neither the economic theory nor the results of empirical research provide unequivocal opinion to what extent welfare state's policies affect the performance of the economy. The experiences of EU member countries, especially the Scandinavian countries, point to the fact that social security and competitiveness of the economy do not constitute mutually contradictory goals. Productive economy to a smaller degree requires 'a minimal state' but rather depends on effective macroeconomic policy, on the transparency of operation of public institutions as well as on educational and health protection policies, which in turn contribute to the high quality of human assets.
18
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Model bezpieczeństwa społecznego na tle teorii systemów

80%
Gierszewski J.
Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW
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2013
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issue 2
65-80
EN
Concepts of systems theory imply possibility of using universal theoretical framework for the different safety concepts. Systems theory can be one of the paradigms in organizing the discourse on security, which combines an interdisciplinary exploration of representatives of different disciplines. Development model of social security implies that the organizational structure of the form elements that minimize the social risks (defenses). The satisfaction of social needs and opportunities of life chances (quality of life) may be the measure of system security evaluation. Social security model assumes that the social system affect different types of threats. A systemic approach reflects the various theories and methodological approaches.
19

POZNATKY Z ROZHODOVACEJ ČINNOSTI SÚDOV V SOCIÁLNYCH VECIACH

80%
Závadská E.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
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2012
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vol. 95
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issue 1
57 – 65
EN
The text should highlight the problems of application practice of the courts but also of the administrative authorities in social insurance and security in the aplication of the new legislation and contribute to remedy the deficiencies, where the application practice doesn´t require amendment of the legislation, as well as draw attention to the fields, in which adoption of a new legislation would be helpful.
20

Aging-orientation of population before retirement in Poland

80%
Roszkiewicz M.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
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2006
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vol. 9
127-143
EN
Recent demographic projections for Poland over the next twenty five years assume that life expectance will rise to 77,2 for males and to 83,5 for females. Over the same period, fertility rate is assumed to recover somewhat, but to reach only 1,2 children per woman on the average, well below 2,1 children required to maintain a stable population. The combination of increased longevity and lover fertility would normally be associated with quickly ageing population. The number of people aged 65 years and over will rise, particularly in the years after 2014, to about 8,5 million by 2030. There are expected substantial increase in outlay of social security system and national health care system. The results of survey conducted in Poland in the end of 2004 allowed the formation of basis for assuming that in the Polish society the need to provide for security in old age is apparent and households undertake some activities to satisfy this need. However focusing on such a rational behaviour is not common. Over half of households in 2004 didn't concentrate their attention on life condition in old age. The expected substantial increase in national health care system's outlay can be softened by improving of state of health of aged and increasing households savings by the developing aging-oriented attitudes.
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