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EN
In the paper, the set of statements is presented that form a basis of Florian Znaniecki's considerations dealing with therapy of Western civilization and method of future civilization construction. Then the idea of therapy and construction of cultural reality is presented, that can be found in Znaniecki's writings. Znaniecki accounts Western civilization as a set of social problems that are to be recognized and appropriately solved for the civilization lasting in its integrity and vigour, whereas he accounts future civilization as a set of tasks, which planning and carrying out forms a complex of answers to a complex of challenges proper for contemporary social life of civilized societies in a global scale - scale of universum that should form a unity in diversity, i.e. a wholeness rejecting barbarianism (which classic example is revolution of nihilism and utopias of totalitarian system of common life) and gathering what is valuable in various civilizations that are advantageous fragments of global, interpersonal world.
EN
The paper demonstrates social factors and interactions, which have an effect on reasoning about ethnic and racial groups among social and natural scientists. On one hand, the results demonstrate the social conditions and interpersonal communication interactions, which have an effect on the persistency of essentialist judgment. It turned out that the cognitive system is maintained throughout, no matter what the education and social background the people come from. On the other hand, the results show that it is not always and in every situation that people behave according to the essentialist model. Therefore, in the thesis the author points out also other various social factors and interpersonal discourse interactions, which have an effect upon the overlapping of essentialist judgment. The paper demonstrates that psychological essentialism is permanent and is not possible to overlay it completely, only partially, through education derived from pragmatic images, through liberal family background and under the influence of peer groups and institutions in which they are held, and expressed pragmatic socio-value attitudes.
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