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1

Formuliczność łukowskich aktów notarialnych z początku XIX wieku

100%
Kuć J.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
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2013
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issue 13
131-142
EN
The aim of the paper is to show the patterns of formulas as typical phenomenon for the notarial texts from the early nineteenth century, as well as the repertoire of terms forming the text frame of agreements and their functions. It is not so much important to prove that the formulas are characteristic for official documents, what has repeatedly been indicated by researchers dealing with this issue, but to examine whether this feature depends on the intention of communication termed by specific legal convention, which determines the variety of species of protocols.
2

Peredumovy formuvannia sotsialno-ekonomichnykh ta ekolohichnykh standartiv yakosti zhyttia

100%
Starchenko L. V., Lukyanenko V. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2011
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vol. 1 (51)
249-254
EN
In the article the existent determinations of «quality of life» concept, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The existent state social and ecological standards are examined. Taking into account the socio-economic and ecological standards author offers the own def of «quality of life» concept.
3
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Wpływ charakterystyki przedsiębiorstwa hotelarskiego na wybór strategii produktu globalnego

100%
Markiewicz E.
Zarządzanie i Finanse
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 1
525-537
EN
This article aims to determine the effect of the characteristics of the hospitality business for global product strategy selection. Distinguished hospitality businesses following characteristics: a base country / country of origin, the scale of activity / geo-graphic scope of action, a form of internationalization, the year show in Poland, the category / categories of objects, the purpose of customer arrival, type of client - domes-tic customers, foreign customers. Determine the effect of: a characteristic of the subject - global product strategy, has been made - in this article - based on the results of empirical research, conducted among hotel systems operating on the Polish market.
4

STANDARDIZATION: MAIN ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT (Standartyzatsiya: osnovni aspekty rozvytku)

100%
Khramova-Baranova O. L.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2009
|
issue 4
61-66
EN
The idea of standardization and its broad interpretation is shown by use of rich historical evidence, including accounts of Ancient Egypt and Rome, Renaissance epoch, Russia before and after Peter the Great, Western Europe (Germany, England, France) before and after the industrial revolution. The contemporary standardization is dated from the rise of mass-scale industry, that is, from the capitalism, and institutions dealing with standardization appeared at the end of XIX - beginning of XX century, when standardization was perceived as an economic requirement, not in the least due to intensive militarization, and national organizations responsible for standardization appeared in time of World War I. Detailed account of standardization in the USSR is given, which was launched with introduction of metric system of measures and weights and establishing the first central body on standardization in 1925. In 1968, the USSR was the first in the world practice to develop and approve the so called 'State Standardization System'. The world experiences in standardization were subject to concern in the USSR, an evidence of which is the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR 'On Organization of Work on Standardization in the USSR'. Works on standardization were suspended with the breakdown of the USSR.
5
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Czy wystarczy rozumieć, by tłumaczyć? Czyli w poszukiwaniu idealnego tłumacza ustnego

88%
Kruk-Junger K.
Studia Iberystyczne
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2009
|
vol. 8
355-364
EN
Globalization is a great challenge, especially for interpreters. Unfortunately, the European Union still lacks sufficient standardization in the area of interpreting. This, in many countries, results in market self-regulation, which leads to abnormalities. The author gives examples of some shameful absurdities while seeking answers to questions concerning characteristics of a good interpreter.
6
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BEAUTY BETWEEN SPACE, PLACE, AND LANDSCAPE RECOVERING THE SUBSTANTIVE AND NORMATIVE CHARACTER OF BEAUTY

88%
Furia P.
ESPES
|
2023
|
vol. 12
|
issue 2
60 – 74
EN
Notions of space and place are often used interchangeably in everyday speech, but they are distinguished both conceptually and historically. When put in relation to space and place, beauty reveals all its vitality and ties to socio-political issues, like: why do we consider a place beautiful and another place ugly? How do taste judgments about places influence planning, tourism, heritage policies, urban, and landscape architecture? I will develop my argument in four points. First, I will shortly pin down the main tenets of a concept of beauty that is inherently spatial, by rephrasing Roger Scruton’s insights on the beautiful and Ed Casey’s notion of ‘implacement’. Second, I will address the interconnection between the modern emergence of a quantitative and objectivist concept of space and a non-relational idea of beauty. Third, I will expose the relationship between the concept of place, idiographic and qualitative, and the emergence of a site-specific, phenomenologically based concept of beauty. In conclusion, I will show how non-relational conceptions of beauty risk to colonize aesthetic experience and I will take a stand for a relational conception of beauty against the risk of standardization of both landscape appreciation and planning.
7

K FUNGOVANIU ENDONÝM A EXONÝM V JAZYKOVEJ PRAXI

75%
Závodný A.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2020
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vol. 85
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issue 1
42 – 61
EN
In many tourist guides, but also in other places, it is possible to see artificial translations of Slovak names into other languages or in reverse, which disturb the stability of Slovak standardized names, but in some cases the translation of a Slovak name into a foreign language or in the opposite direction may appear due to its original motivation very distorted. Names among other specific features are characterized by their idiomatic property, which is tightly connected with the linguistic motivation and non-linguistic motivation aspect of own name. Therefore, foreign names (exonyms) in our language, unless they are already established, should be edited only at the word form level (for example phonematic, orthographic, morphological adaptation), but not at the level of lexical- semantic changes, mostly by translation. In addition, at present, there is a tendency to rather use the original endonyms and reduce the use of exonyms. In the current globalization, the creation of new exonyms, especially created by translations, has proved to be inoperable.
8

K proměnám postavení hrobníka

75%
Kotrly T.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2008
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vol. 95
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issue 3
273-292
EN
We have been witnesses of the revival of various moral, cultural and religious differences among people based on a concrete description of activities of a Czech gravedigger. In the recently launched standardization of particular qualifications of a gravedigger and in the manner of verification of his/her professional competence, the author, who is personally involved in this process, looks for the assumptions for establishing a cemetery open for all nationalities where religion and culture could co-exist. The text introduces both the historical (diachronic) interpretation of the position of a gravedigger as well as its socio-cultural (synchronic) delimitation. The author attempts to incorporate all objectively existing elements into the requirements laid upon professional competences of a gravedigger. Especially globalization, migration and recovery of local communities on the religious and ethnic basis belong among them.
9

ECOLOGICAL AUDIT IN UKRAINE: ACTUALITY, PROBLEMS, WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT (Ekolohichnyi audyt v Ukraini: aktualnist, problemni pytannia ta napriamy udoskonalennia)

63%
Basantsov I. V., Panteleichuk O. S.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2010
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vol. 1 (45)
38-46
EN
The separate aspects of ecological safety of Ukraine are considered in this article. By one of urgent and problems questions imperfection of current legislation, and also no realization of package of ecological reforms, is certain in the field of guard of environment, low level of control after an ecological situation, in investigation what serious ecological and demographic problems are in the state. Authors offer the certain ways of improvement of the ecological checking system.
10
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Normálny stav normy spisovného jazyka

63%
Dolnik J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2007
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vol. 68
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issue 4
256-270
EN
The author poses the question of when the norm of the standard language is in a normal state. This state correlates with a normal state of the users of this language which is based on a genuine feeling of normality. This feeling originates in a basic socialization situation in which an individual acquires a language norm as well as other types of standardization in a natural way. When the 'artificial' standard language appeared, individuals found themselves in a socialization situation in which a language user could not rely on the genuine feeling of normality alone. However, the democratization of the standard language creates conditions for a 'historical' revitalization of the normal state of the user. Still, the revitalization of this state is, in a retarding manner, influenced by an attitude of standardized acceptance towards the codified norm, which is connected with an artificial feeling of normality. The suggestion of normality typical for each standardization has a particularly strong influence. Moreover, from the position of codification, the users are under pressure to enforce the rational perception of the standard language. This pressure leads to the standardization of a 'slave-like' dependence of users on the untouchable nature of a codified norm.
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