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Kierunki rozwoju szwajcarskiego rolnictwa

100%

Pfefferli S.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

2011

issue 1(326)

27-45

The study presents changes that the Swiss agriculture underwent between 1980 and 2007. It also discusses factors affecting the changes in the farms organisation, identifying two groups of such factors: internal and external. As regards external factors, special attention is paid to agricultural policy changes in 1993-2011. They consisted in the introduction of direct, decoupled payments, payments for certain organic services, elimination of export subsidies and reduction of customs duties on cereals and animal feed. The changes introduced in the agricultural policy have resulted in a considerable decrease in the number of farms and the increase in their scale of production. The study also describes directions of changes in the structure of farms. The scale of farms' production is expected to grow further thanks to the lease of land accompanied by a simultaneous diversification of production.

LARGE FARMS IN THE PROCESS OF RURAL AREAS' ADJUSTMENT TO THE MARKET ECONOMY RULES

100%

Dzun W.

Wieś i Rolnictwo

2004

issue 2(123)

171-186

In the early stages of economic reforms in Poland large farms had a negligible share in the structure of the Polish agriculture. The dominating role in the group of large farms was played then by state-run farms (PGRs), whereas the role of co-operative and individual farms was minimal. The political and economic transformations, especially the influence of the free market rules, have led not only to a considerable growth in the number of large farms but also, or mainly, to radical ownership and legal-organisational changes in the internal structure of the group of large farms. These changes have occurred chiefly owing to obligatory restructuring and privatisation of state-owned farms. A completely new group of large farms, dominated by privately operated farms, has emerged as a result. The core of this group is formed by the so-called post-PGR farms. Most of them are now privately-owned, mainly under lease agreements, and have different legal-organisational forms. State-run farms have a minimal and fast shrinking share in the group of large farms. Large farms are the fastest developing type of farms in Poland. In this group of farms the processes of restructuring and modernisation are clearly observable, whose purpose is to increase the competitiveness of farms through the optimisation of their production structure, employment, specialisation and concentration of production. These processes are based on the extended reproduction of fixed assets, geared towards the introduction of modern techniques and technologies both in the animal and plant production. These processes lead to an improvement in the productivity of plants and animals, labour productivity and the economic condition of the farms in question. Thanks to all these efforts the majority of the analysed farms is economically strong or even very strong and well prepared for competition on the common agricultural market. Poland's accession to EU should exert a positive influence on both the current income situation of large farms and their development prospects.

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Kierunki rozwoju szwajcarskiego rolnictwa

LARGE FARMS IN THE PROCESS OF RURAL AREAS' ADJUSTMENT TO THE MARKET ECONOMY RULES