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1

QUESTIONS OF LANGUAGE USE IN MULTILINGUAL SWITZERLAND

100%
Hoffmann Z.
Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)
|
2006
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vol. 102
|
issue 2
185-195
EN
This paper surveys the linguistic situation in Switzerland, a country where a number of diverse languages are spoken, concentrating on two main problem areas and thereby following two main trends in Swiss language policy. On the one hand, the linguistic situation of German-speaking Switzerland is discussed with the problem of diglossia in focus. The relationship between the Standard German of Switzerland and Swiss German (a cover term for the German dialects spoken in Switzerland) is a much-debated one. 'Functional diglossia' as a term describing that relationship is not adequate for a number of cases. It would be more felicitous to speak of 'medial diglossia', even though that term does not perfectly describe the current situation, either. The paper therefore also introduces two alternative models, that of productive/receptive diglossia, and that of transition to bilingualism. - The other problem area discussed involves the possible ways of describing the communication between the various language groups. The myth of peaceful linguistic coexistence in Switzerland is challenged by Switzerland being a multilingual rather than quadrilingual country today, as well as by the fact that it is characterized by territorial monolingualism. The paper presents two types of communication between inhabitants of the parts of the country with distinct mother tongues. One, the partner language model is soon discarded, and the other, the lingua franca model is concluded to be a more realistic description of the situation. The problem with the latter model is, however, that neither one of the national languages nor English seems to be fit at the moment for introduction as an official lingua franca, even though English plays an increasingly dominant role on the linguistic palette of Switzerland, multicoloured as it is to begin with. - Finally, Switzerland can be seen as a kind of small-scale model of Europe in which the problems, possibilities and challenges that multicultural and multilingual Europe will have to face can be conveniently studied.
2
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Stanowisko szwajcarskich partii politycznych wobec integracji europejskiej – europeizacja dyskursu politycznego

80%
Sporek T.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2015
|
issue 2
45-60
EN
The objective of the article is to analyse some fragment of the Swiss public discourse, in the field of the European integration as seen from the political parties’ percpective. The analysis shows that there can be observed the phenoomenon of Europpeanisation – the party programs, manifestoes, and political argumentation is more and more saturated with the European Union problematic as well as it is more intense and more salient.
3

Szwajcaria i Alpy w legendzie kościuszkowskiej

80%
Grzęda E.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
29-44
EN
Switzerland, perceived as the last European haven of freedom and an Alpine country with ideal natural conditions making it possible to present its image in accordance with the Arcadian convention and the bucolic tradition closely related to it, occupies a separate place in the Kościuszko legend. The very fact that the Commander spent the last years of his life in the land of the famous Tell and that he died there could be a basis for the authors of the Kościuszko myth to attach special significance to this area. In this context, both the history, politics, society and the landscape of Helvetia acquired symbolic status. The pastoral myth, which was the basis of Swiss democratic aspirations, the legends of Tell and Winkelried, as emblems of the confederation system, as well as the monumental nature of the high mountain landscape, created a good context for giving Kościuszko’s image heroic stature, because they corresponded ideally to his personality. Other important elements of the Kościuszko legend included Solothurn and Xavier Zeltner. As early as the first half of the 19th century both the image of the city and Zeltner’s generosity became a permanent part of the Kościuszko tradition. Its Swiss Alpine aspect is thus one of the most important components that determine the transborder and solidarity-related nature of this myth.
4
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Strategia bilateralizmu w polityce Konfederacji Szwajcarskiej wobec UE

80%
KozłowskiStanisław Czesław S. C.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2010
|
issue 4
119-138
EN
Switzerland is not a member of the European Union nor does it belong to the European Economic Area (EEA). Relations between Switzerland and the EU are developing through bilateral agreements. In 1992 Swiss voters rejected membership of the European Economic Area. The pragmatic response of the Swiss government since then has been to follow the way of bilateralism. The Federal Council decided to launch negotiations on a sector basis with the EU to ensure market access for Swiss companies in key economic sectors. At the end of 1993 the EU declared itself ready for negotiations in seven sectors on the condition that all the sectors will be negotiated in parallel and that be signed and take effect together. On 21 June 1999 Bern and Brussels signed the seven bilateral agreements. Known as Bilateral Agreements I, they were approved by 67.2 per cent of the electorate on 21 May 2000 and came into force on 1 June 2002. The agreements were linked in legal terms by a "guillotine clause", stipulating that they can only take effect together: should one of them fail to be prolonged or be terminated, the remaining six would also become invalid. Together with the Free Trade Agreement they enable Swiss private sector to gain extensive access to the Single European Market of almost 500 million potential consumers. This led to privileged partnership through which Switzerland obtained several of advantages of the European integration process, paying a very low cost in regard to economic interests and its domestic political system.
5
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Ewolucja stosunków między Konfederacją Szwajcarską i Unią Europejską: strategia bilateralizmu w impasie

80%
Kozłowski S. C.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
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2015
|
issue 3
57-76
EN
Switzerland is not a member of the European Union and does not belong to the European Economic Area (EEA). Nevertheless, the relation between Switzerland and the EU reached such a high intensity and extent of interconnections, that they are sometimes called integration without membership, quasi-membership in the EU, or privileged partnership. In practice there is a wide access of Switzerland to the EU internal market, the EU’s research and development programs, as well as membership of the Schengen Agreement and participation in European initiatives and trans-border cooperation. This is the result of the policy of bilateralism by Switzerland and the EU. The problem is that since 2008 one can clearly see there is in the relations between Switzerland and EU an obvious impasse and in fact the policy of bilateralism can’t be continued. The author of this article try to explain what are the risen and haw both Switzerland and EU trying to find the way out.
6

Anna Nakwaska z Krajewskich na alpejskich szlakach

80%
Kuniczuk-Trzcinowicz A.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
|
2010
|
vol. 5
79-87
EN
Alpine landscapes and impressions became a focus of interest of Anna Nakwaska née Krajewski, a 19th century lady famous for her extraordinary work for women, also known as a traveller and writer. In her “Family Chronicle” from 1891, she described her stay in Switzerland. The author analyses her vivid account presenting the most interesting places and the most characteristic phenomena in the Alpine landscape.
7
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THE PLACE OF IMMIGRANTS IN MULTICULTURAL SWITZERLAND

80%
Luczak A.
Sprawy Narodowościowe
|
2007
|
issue 30
131-143
EN
The article discusses the question of immigration in Switzerland. With more than 20 per cent, Switzerland is one of the countries with the largest foreign population. It used to be a destination country for employment-seeking French, Germans and Italians. In the latter half of the 20th century however, it has hosted large numbers of Eastern European dissidents, Yugoslavian refugees and asylum seekers from the Middle East, Asia and Africa. The inflow of foreigners from different parts of the world increases Swiss cultural pluralism and demands to pursue the proper migration and asylum policy from the Swiss state. The starting point for the philosophy of Swiss immigration policy is the search for a balance between the economy's foreign labour requirements and the demographic stabilisation of the foreign population in Switzerland, which relates to the fear of a 'over-foreignisation' (Überfremdung). This fear has played an important role in Swiss discourse on migration since the early 1920s. An evolving process of 'over-foreignisation' has represented migrants as permanently different 'aliens' and as a potential threat requiring control and supervision by the state. This article reveals the foreignisation process and explores some of the reasons for its persistence. It presents also the situation of the immigrants in Switzerland from their own perspective. Keywords: Switzerland, immigration, migration and asylum policy, Überfremdung
8
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Turystyka kulturowa na obszarze Szwajcarii

70%
Lipińska I.
Turystyka Kulturowa
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2010
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issue 7
4-11
EN
The article presents the potential of Switzerland in the context of cultural tourism. The author shows the basic tourist product and its availability to Polish individual and group tourists. She describes natural and political conditions which influence tourist attractiveness of Switzerland. She presents the brief history of the country, pointing out to the beginning of tourism, and the process of creating a tourist product. In the rest of the study, the author tries to analyze the appearing types of cultural tourism and to estimate the attractiveness of the discussed country.
9

THE POSITION AND ROLE OF DIALECT AND STANDARD LANGUAGE IN GERMAN-SPEAKING SWITZERLAND, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SCHOOLING

70%
Szabo J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
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vol. 129
|
issue 1
59-70
EN
The author sketches the present-day linguistic situation in Switzerland and its historical background; then he discusses the main characteristics of bidialectalism in German-speaking parts of the country. As one of the most conspicuous features he mentions that Swiss German and Standard German coexist with an equal status and in well-differentiated functions. He gives a detailed overview of the place and role of local dialects and Standard German in schooling, and briefly considers the related reform-pedagogical attempts. He also summarises how German schools in Switzerland try to solve the not at all easy task that school-leavers should guard and retain their mother dialect while, at the same time, they should master standard (literary) German during their studies.
10

VON MESSERSCHMIDT, SEINEN SCHWEIZER FREUNDEN UND EINEM „HOLZBEIN“

61%
Pötzl-Malíková M.
ARS
|
2013
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vol. 46
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issue 2
259 – 291
EN
The paper is dedicated to mapping relationships of sculptor Franz Xaver Messerschmidt with Switzerland, based on archival sources (correspondence) in two important institutions at Zurich: in the Zentralbibliothek and in the graphic collection at the Kunsthaus Zurich, uncovering new facts about the life and work of this significant artist. The writers of most of these letters are two artists coming from Zurich: painter and writer on art, J. Rudolf Fussli (1737 – 1806) and landscape painter J. Jacob Meyer (1749 – 1828). Both came as young adepts of art to Vienna to study at Academy of Fine Arts and both subsequently lived for several years in Bratislava (Slovakia). Already in Vienna Fussli and probably also Meyer got to know F. X. Messerschmidt, with whom they established friendly relations, lasting during their Bratislava stay too.
11

ANTIIMIGRAČNÝ APEL ŠVAJČIARSKEJ ĽUDOVEJ STRANY

61%
Štefančík R.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
|
2012
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vol. 5
|
issue 2
30 – 43
EN
The treatise outlines the issue of immigration in the politics of Swiss People Party (SVP). It is argued, that immigration is one of the most important issues of actual SVP-policy. Accordingly this assumption the article seeks to answer the question of what tactics and methods of campaigning the party is using by presentation of this theme. At first it will be discussed the context of SVP´s change from mass to catchall-party, at second it will be presented its anti-immigrant positions in the last ten years.
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