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Działalność konspiracyjna kpt. Bolesława Michała Nieczui-Ostrowskiego w latach 1939-1943

100%

Wątor A.

Sowiniec

2014

issue 44

27-49

The aim of this article is to present the life and underground activities of Cpt. Bolesław Michał Nieczuja-Ostrowski (1907-2008) in the years 1939-1943. This article is based on the analysis of documents (in most cases made available by the Institute of National Remembrance) of interrogations and the story of Ostrowski’s life, frequently given by himself during this time. The information was confronted and supplemented with that included in published works and interviews with witnesses. Capt. Boleslaw Nieczuja-Ostrowski was born on September 29, 1907 in Halicz. He began his career as a soldier in 1928. In September 1939 he fought in the area of Różan thogether with the 115 Infantry Regiment, a part of the 41 Reserve Infantry Division (and later the 116 Infantry Regiment). He was captured by Germans on September 29. After his escape in October 1939, in Soviet-occupied Lviv he did conspiracy work: he established the „Lviv” Polish Military Organisation and then, upon the orders of Colonel Jan Sokołowski (codename Trzaska), became Commander of the Union of Armed Struggle of the City of Lviv. After leaving Lviv in May 1941, he was appointed to the position of weapons officer on the staff of the Krakow District of ZWZ. In August of 1942 he was entrusted with the organization and command of Chief Clandestine Weapons Production Command of AK Kraków District, codenamed „Insurance Office” (which dealt with the production of explosives, grenades, mines and later machine guns). In August of 1943, Kraków District Commander Col. Joseph Spychalski promoted Ostrowski to the rank of Major. In addition, from 15 September 1943, he was appointed Commander of the Miechów Inspectorate.

Cultural Heritage in the Field of the Idea of Nature Protection in the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939) as an Antecedent of Ecological Education in Poland at the Turn of the 21st Century

80%

Wolter E.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

2023

vol. 21

issue 3

83-91

Streszczenie: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie dziedzictwa kultury polskiej na przykładzie współtwórców idei ochrony przyrody, „duchowych ojców” edukacji ekologicznej w II Rzeczypospolitej (1918-1939), którzy opracowali akty normatywne ochrony przyrody, takie jak np. „Ustawa z dnia 10 marca 1934 r. o ochronie przyrody”. Przyczynili się do założenia Tymczasowej Komisji Ochrony Przyrody (1919) / Państwowej Rady Ochrony Przyrody (1925), Ligi Ochrony Przyrody (1928). Byli postulatorami rezerwatów przyrody, parków narodowych, a także szeroko pojętego wychowania społeczeństwa polskiego do świadomości ekologicznej (edukacja ekologiczna). Problem badań jest osadzony w paradygmacie interpretatywnym nauk humanistycznych, społecznych. W związku z tym zastosowano metodę badań jakościowych (jakościowa analiza tekstu/analiza jakościowa dokumentów), w której istotne jest hermeneutyczne rozumienie oraz interpretacja tekstu. Podstawę źródłową stanowią źródła drukowane oraz opracowania naukowe bezpośrednio i pośrednio związane z tytułową problematyką. Kształtowanie świadomości ekologicznej w procesie edukacji ekologicznej w II Rzeczypospolitej ma wartość ponadczasową. Stanowi cenne dziedzictwo kultury narodowej oraz antecedencję edukacji ekologicznej realizowanej w ogólnej tendencji kultury ponowoczesnej, która ideacyjnie ewokuje w drugiej połowie XX i na początku XXI wieku.

The aim of the article is to present the heritage of Polish culture on the example of the co-creators of the idea of nature protection, the “spiritual fathers” of ecological education in the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939) who developed normative acts of nature protection, such as the Act of 10 March 1934 on nature protection. They contributed to the establishment of the Temporary Commission for Nature Conservation (1919) / State Council for Nature Conservation (1925), the League for Nature Conservation (1928). They were advocates of nature reserves, national parks, as well as broadly understood education of Polish society aimed at raising ecological awareness (environmental education). The research problem is set in the interpretative paradigm of humanistic, social sciences. Consequently, a qualitative method of research was applied (qualitative text analysis /qualitative analysis of documents), in which hermeneutic understanding and text interpretation is relevant. The source basis includes printed texts and scientific research directly and indirectly connected with the subject issue. Shaping environmental awareness in the process of environmental education in the Second Polish Republic has a timeless value. It is a valuable heritage of national culture and an antecedent of ecological education implemented in the general tendency of postmodern culture, which evokes the ideals of the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century.

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1 Sowiniec

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Działalność konspiracyjna kpt. Bolesława Michała Nieczui-Ostrowskiego w latach 1939-1943

Cultural Heritage in the Field of the Idea of Nature Protection in the Second Polish Republic (1918-1939) as an Antecedent of Ecological Education in Poland at the Turn of the 21st Century