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1

Polska wyprawa na Spitsbergen w 1938 r.

100%
Köhler P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2018
|
vol. 63
|
issue 2
7–27
EN
Polish expedition to Spitsbergen in 1938 was the fifth Polish expedition to the Arctic during interwar period. Four persons participated in it: geologist Bronisław Halicki (1902-1962) from Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, geographer and geomorphologist Mieczysław Klimaszewski (1908-1995) from the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, geologist Ludwik Sawicki (1893-1972), connected with the State Geological Institute in Warsaw, and Stefan Bernardzikiewicz (1907-1939) from the Warsaw Technical University (organizer and technical leader of the expedition). Polish expedition stayed from July 5th to September 6th 1938 on the Oscar II Land on Spitsbergen. The basis was set up on the Kaffioyr plain. Research was conducted within up to 100 km radius from the base. The main purpose of the expedition was to collect possibly enough data for comparison purposes that could enable studies of the Pleistocene deposits in Poland. The 2nd World War prevented researchers from working on the collected data and from publishing them. Only in 1960, M. Klimaszewski published a valuable geomorphological study devoted to the territory located between Kongsfjorden and Eidembukta. The data and experience obtained on Spitsbergen were of great importance for later interpretations, both Old Quarternary and Young Pleistocene, as well as Holocene geological profiles on the Polish Lowlands.
2

Polska wyprawa na Spitsbergen w 1934 roku

94%
Köhler P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2015
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vol. 60
|
issue 2
117–140
EN
Polish expedition to Spitsbergen in 1934 was already the second Polish polar expedition to the Arctic. It was scientific-mountaineering in character. 7 persons took part in it: Witold Biernawski (1898-1957) – film-maker and radiotelegraph operator, Stefan Bernadzikiewicz (1907-1939) – expedition leader, Henryk Mogilnicki (1906-1999) – photographer and radiotelegraph operator, Stefan Zbigniew Różycki (1906-1988) – geologist, Stanisław Siedlecki (1912-2002) – meteorological observer, Sylweriusz Bohdan Zagrajski (1892-1940) – triangulator, Antoni Rogal-Zawadzki (1896-1974) – topographer and photogrammetrist. The purpose of this expedition was to collect data in geology and cartography, and to a lesser degree – in glaciology, botany, zoology and meteorology. It lasted from May 20 to September 16, 1934. The time between June 20 – August 28 the group spent on Spitsbergen’s Torell Land. The outcome: an area of app. 300 square kilometres of previously undiscovered land was marked by triangular system, covered by photogrammetric photos and surveyed. Geological research covered the land of app. 500 square kilometres and the group collected geological specimens of app. 800 kg in weight. On the basis of their research, two maps (at a scale of 1:50 000 and 1:200 000) were published. The participants collected also botanical and zoological material. Meteorological observations were carried out at the base over Van Keulen fjord throughout the whole expedition. Different objects on Torell Land were named by the expedition, their names referring largely to Poland (Annex I). Approximately 200 photographs and a film were shot by the expedition. Apart from scientific research, the participants published also diaries of the expedition.
3
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IMPACTS OF GEOMORPHIC DISTURBANCES ON PLANT COLONIZATION IN EBBA VALLEY, CENTRAL SPITSBERGEN, SVALBARD

94%
Stawska M.
Quaestiones Geographicae
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2017
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vol. 36
|
issue 1
51-64
EN
Global warming observed nowadays causes an increase in geomorphic activity in polar regions. Within the areas influenced by cold climatic conditions, relief dynamics and vegetation development are the main landscape shaping processes. The study is limited to the Ebba Valley (78°43’N; 16°37’E) in central Spitsbergen (Svalbard), where geomorphologic observations and vegetation sampling were conducted in 2007. The valley was divided into three zones differentiated by dominating geomorphic activity and stability of deposits. The settlement and the evolution of plant cover have been documented there. The main factors that control well developed vegetation cover within raised marine terraces are frost heave and solifluction. In deeper parts of the valley, aeolian processes dominate and high differentiation of microsite conditions causes high variability in plant coverage. The area close to the Ebba glacier marginal zone is characterized by initial stages of plant colonisation where disturbance to vegetation is mainly caused by hydrological processes.
4
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Turystyka kulturowa na Spitsbergenie – stan obecny i możliwości rozwoju

94%
Jaskólski M., Pawłowski Ł.
Turystyka Kulturowa
|
2017
|
issue 2
161-177
PL
Celem autorów pracy jest identyfikacja charakteru turystyki kulturowej na Spitsbergenie, poprzez przedstawienie jej stanu obecnego, charakterystykę walorów na których ona bazuje jak i określenie możliwości rozwoju. Wobec dzisiejszych możliwości komunikacyjnych rozwój turystyki obserwowany jest również w obszarach arktycznych. Spitsbergen należący do europejskiej części Arktyki stanowi skansen obecności człowieka w obszarach polarnych. Niniejszy artykuł przybliża historię eksploracji oraz działalności człowieka na Spitsbergenie, największej wyspie Archipelagu Svalbard. Opisuje ekspansję gospodarczą, a w szczególności ukazuje rozwój turystyki na tym obszarze. W artykule przedstawiono rodzaje zachowanych na Spitsbergenie zabytków kultury, omówiono formę i zakres prawny ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego oraz przedstawiono główne kierunki turystyczne.
5
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Tradycje i zakres polskich badań polarnych na przykładzie działalności Polskiej Stacji Polarnej na Spitsbergenie

84%
Dolnicki P.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
|
2018
|
vol. 12
EN
In the paper there is presented historical outline of Polish research conducted in polar regions. An important aspect of the work is showing of contemporary involvement of Polish scientific centres in polar research indicating present state and plans for future. In the paper there is also presented functioning of polar station exemplified on the Stanisław Siedlecki Polish Polar Station in Spitsbergen. Presented material is a set of information which may be used by the teachers realizing programme content, which contemporary introduce problems of involvement of Poland in polar research to the primary schools.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono rys historyczny polskich badań naukowych prowadzonych na obszarach polarnych. Ważnym aspektem pracy jest przedstawienie współczesnego zaangażowania polskich ośrodków naukowych w badania polarne, wskazanie na ich stan aktualny oraz na plany dotyczące przyszłości. W pracy przedstawiono również sposób funkcjonowania stacji polarnej na przykładzie Polskiej Stacji im. Stanisława Siedleckiego na Spitsbergenie. Prezentowany materiał jest zbiorem informacji możliwych do wykorzystania przez nauczycieli realizujących obowiązującą podstawę programową, która wprowadza do szkół podstawowych zagadnienia dotyczące zaangażowania Polski w badania polarne.
6
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Walory turystyczne wybranych regionów Spitsbergenu

84%
Dolnicki P., Gawor Ł.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
|
2012
|
vol. 3 Innowacyjność usług turystycznych w układach przestrzennych
70-76
EN
The paper presents different attractions of Spitsbergen: geological, geomorphological and glaciological objects and processes, as well as industrial sites especially connected with coalmining, which constitute the group of geotourist attractions in Hornsund, Isfjorden and North East Land. It also describes logistic and infrastructure conditions in Svalbard. The evaluation of possibilities to develop geotourism in Spitsbergen is included as well.
7

Druga polska wyprawa na Spitsbergen (w 1936 roku)

83%
Köhler P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2016
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vol. 61
|
issue 4
135–143
EN
The second Polish expedition to Spitsbergen took place in 1936. It was already the third Polish expedition to the Arctic (previous ones were: Bear Island in 1932-1933, Spitsbergen – Torell Land in 1934). The organizers and participants were: Stefan Bernadzikiewicz (1907-1939) – assistant at the Warsaw Technical University, leader of the 1934 expedition to Spitsbergen, Konstanty Narkiewicz-Jodko (1901-1963) – assistant at the Unit of Physisc of the Warsaw Univeristy, who specialised in stratosphere research, and Stanisław Siedlecki (1912-2002) – geology student at the Warsaw University, participant of both previous Polish polar expeditions. The expedition was supposed to be a kind of reconnaissance with climbing and scientific elements. The route of the expedition ran from the place of landing at the Hornsund fiord coastline (July 7) to the most southward cape of Spitsbergen – Sørneset (July 11). Next the expedition participants moved north across the eastern part of the island. After replenishing food supplies when the expedition was halfway through (August 4-11), its route ran to as far as the most northward Verlegenhuken cape (August 24), and then back to the southern Billenfjord coastline (September 1-5). Climbing and scientific part of the expedition failed. Because of quick march and frequent fogs measurements and topographical sketches were abandoned. Despite the lack of strictly scientific results, the expedition itself had great exploratory importance: for the first time in history, Spitsbergen was hiked across from south to north without the use of dogs.
8
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GEOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SVALBARD ENVIRONMENT

83%
Ziaja W.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2019
|
vol. 38
|
issue 3
EN
The paper concerns specific features of exploration, geographical recognition, exploitation of natural resources, and economy of the archipelago. Development of the Svalbard system of nature protection areas and its impact on the environment and human activity is shown. Both the natural environment and Norwegian national interests are perfectly protected in Svalbard. Classical physico-geographical research was lost in significance to biological investigations (or to environmental science in the aspect of biotic components). Research activity in the human geography of Svalbard has mostly declined.
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