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PL
Scientists, who have made significant contributions to the deepening of knowledge in their area of research, often engage in discussions concerning the ultimate explanations of the Universe. This is particularly visible in cosmology for the theories presented directly refer to the major questions raised by the philosophers such as the origin and the fate of the Universe, the nature of the physical laws and the existence of God. Stephen Hawking has made himself known as one of the most vocal speakers in this regard by insisting that the no-boundary Hartle-Hawking model can be used to explain away the need for any external agent in the creation of the Universe. In his recent popular book entitled The Grand Design written together with Leonard Mlodinow, Hawking declared the death of philosophy on the grounds that it did not stood up to the challenges of science by not answering the ultimate questions the way science is now capable of doing. The article aims at demonstrating that Hawking’s and Mlodinow’s radical claims rest on very strong and ill-justified philosophical assumptions of the model dependent realism. Although it is a philosophically legitimate standpoint, its reductive character does not permit the extent of generalization as suggested in The Grand Design.
EN
In these remarks I do undertake one more time the attempt to answer the following question: what do agnostics really want? This issue is so complicated that even the agnostics themselves had great trouble in delivering the answer. This is also related to these agnostics, such as the recalled here Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein, and Stephen W. Hawking, who belong to the greatest format of scholars. The agnostics are being distanced from, both the atheists and theists. However they do judge differently their views it is important that as well the first as the latter ones may appreciate what stands behind agnosticism and this might be very variable.
PL
Recenzja książki Wojciecha P. Grygiela, Stephena Hawkinga i Rogera Penrose’a spór o rzeczywistość, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2014, ss. 412.
EN
This paper puts forward the problem of singularity – one of the most important issues in contemporary cosmology. Firstly, the history of “singularity” concept and basis of Penrose’s and Hawking’s theorem of singularity are discussed. Secondly, the problem of singularity is presented as a genesis of search of quantum theories of the beginning of the Universe, in which the concept of singularity is not present. One sophisticated concept of Hartle and Hawking is presented, in particular the authors’ methodology is described. The paper shows many possible philosophical problems which are connected with quantum cosmology.
PL
Projekt Etyki Globalnej jest ściśle związany z jego twórcą, Hansem Küngiem (1928). Opiera się na fakcie, że w różnych religiach występują podobne nakazy etyczne, które mogą być ujmowane jako tzw. Złota Reguła. Pierwsza część artykułu wprowadza w projekt i stanowi jego krytykę, przede wszystkim dlatego, że rozciąga on pochodzące z zachodniego chrześcijaństwa pojęcie ludzkości również na inne religie. Druga część artykułu ukazuje, że Hans Küng chce angażować nie tylko ludzi wierzących, ale również ateistów, agnostyków itd., jako że Projekt Etyki Globalnej ma przede wszystkim charakter etyczny. To dlatego autor koncentruje się na dwóch dobrze znanych dziełach prominentnych przedstawicieli tzw. Nowego Ateizmu, aby spróbować odpowiedzieć na pytanie, do jakiego stopnia ich twierdzenia zbiegają się z Projektem. W podsumowaniu formułuje konkluzję składającą się z ośmiu tez.
EN
The Global Ethic Project is closely connected to the name of its founder, Hans Küng (1928). It is based on the fact that in different religions there are similar commandments which all can be summed up by the Golden Rule. The first part introduces the project itself. It was mainly criticized because it extends the western Christian notion of humanity to other religions, too. This is dealt with in the second part. Hans Küng wants to involve not only the believers but also the atheists, agnostics etc. because Global Ethic is primarily of ethical character. That is why the author focuses on two high-impact works of two prominent representatives of the so-called new atheists in quest for an answer to the question to what extent they fit in with the Project. He finally sums up the conclusions in eight theses.
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PL
Recenzja książki: Wojciech Grygiel, Stephena Hawkinga i Rogera Penrose’a spór o rzeczywistość, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2014, s. 412.
EN
Review of: Wojciech Grygiel, Stephena Hawkinga i Rogera Penrose’a spór o rzeczywistość, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2014, s. 412.
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